Ndu akụ nke Barents Sea: àgwà, atụmatụ na nkọwa

The Barents Sea dị na ala gbara osimiri okirikiri akụkụ nke Arctic Ocean na washes Norway na Russia. Ya aha ya natara na 1853 site Willem Barents, onye Dutch akwọ ụgbọ mmiri. The ọmụmụ nke a mmiri ahụ malitere na 1821, ma mbụ zuru ezu akparamagwa e mere nanị ná mmalite nke iri abụọ na narị afọ. Ma ihe bụ pụrụ iche banyere ya na ihe bụ ndu akụ nke Barents Sea?

obodo ebe

Dị ka e kwuru na mbụ, Barents Sea - a esịt nke kasị nta na oké osimiri na ụwa, site na nke ọ iche agwaetiti (Spitsbergen, Vaigach, Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya na Bear). Ke adianade do, ọ na-n'ókè site abụọ n'oké osimiri - White na Kara. Southwest waterfront kpamkpam indented, nwere ọtụtụ elu ọnụ ọnụ ugwu na bays Fjord, kachasi nke a na-ewere Varangian, Porsangerfjord, Kola na Motovsky. Ma n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ọnọdụ dịgasị ukwuu: n'ụsọ oké osimiri na-aghọ ala na ubé indented. Emighị emi bays, ndị kasị ibu nke ha - Khaipudyrskaya, Czech na Pechora egbugbere ọnụ. The Barents Sea bụghị nnọọ ọgaranya nke agwaetiti ahụ. The kasị bụ agwaetiti nke Kolguev.

Hydrology

Mmiri na ego na Barents Sea na-mgbe niile na-replenished abụọ nnukwu osimiri - bụ indigo na Pechora. The mmiri nke oké osimiri, ya bụ, ya elu bụ mgbe niile na-efegharị. Ọ na-aga na a gburugburu counterclockwise. Na akụkụ nke oké osimiri, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị chọpụtara a usoro nke okwukwo. Mgbanwe ndị a na-enwe nsogbu nwere ike ime n'okpuru nduzi nke mmiri mgbanwe na ndị ọzọ n'oké osimiri nile, na site na mgbanwe ifufe direction. Onye kasị ukwuu mmetụta na ala gbara osimiri okirikiri akụkụ na-n'ife-mmụba okwukwo. Balance na Barents Sea na a na-akwado site na miri nke gbara ya gburugburu oké osimiri nile. Mkpokọta olu nke mmiri na-agafere n'etiti a afọ, hà ¼ ngụkọta ọmụmụ na a na-esite.

geological data

The Barents Sea dabeere na continental shelf. Ọdịiche ya yiri ọdọ na-nnọọ nkịtị na omimi nke 300-400 mita, ma na nkezi na-ewere - 222 m, na kacha - 600 m ala nke odida obodo bụ iche iche :. Ebe i nwere ike ịhụ na ndagwurugwu (Central Plateau), na ịda mbà n'obi (Central, kacha omimi - 386 m) na elevations (Perseus kacha omimi - 63 m), na trough (West, 600 m na omimi, na Franz-Victoria - 430 m). Kpuchie na ala na akụkụ ebe ndịda nke predominantly aja, na mgbe ụfọdụ i nwere ike ịhụ gravel na pebbles. Ke edere edere na etiti akụkụ nke ọsọ apịtị na ájá. Niile ntụziaka na e nwere onye na admixture nke irighiri, n'ihi na e nwere nkịtị oge ochie ice ego na ya.

weather

The idụhe ke mpaghara ebe a na-enwe mmetụta abụọ abụghị na okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ nke oké osimiri - na Atlantic na Arctic. Ọtụtụ mgbe ọzọ na-ekpo ọkụ ajọ ifufe aga nke oyi ikuku, nke na-eduga ná akwusighi nke ihu igwe. Ọ na-na-akọwa na oké ifufe na-adịghị ahụkebe ebe a. The nkezi okpomọkụ bụ nke ukwuu dị iche iche dị iche iche nke oké osimiri, n'ihi na ihe atụ, na February, ke edem edere ya nwere ike ịda ka -25, na n'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ dị nnọọ ịbụ -4 degrees. Otu ọnọdụ pụtara na August - ke edem edere - si 0 ka +1 ogo, n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - ruo 10. The weather bụ fọrọ nke nta mgbe urukpuru, anyanwụ ike pụta naanị adịkarịghị, na mgbe ahụ bụ naanị awa ole na ole. Nke igwe a bụ na ya pụta nke elu iciness Barents. Naanị ndịda-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke mgbe ọrụ n'aka snow blocks. Na April, na oyi ọnụ ọnụ, ya bụ 75% nke na-esite na-arụ site sere n'elu ice.

Ndu akụ nke Barents Sea

The iche iche nke ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi na nke a na-esite bụ nnọọ ukwuu, a nile na-enye ndụ na benthos na plankton. Benthos - kasị nta nke na-ebi ndụ ka ájá dị n'ala oké osimiri. Nke a na-agụnye ma ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi. Site zoobenthos gụnyere staafishi, stingrays, scallops, crabs, oysters na ndị ọzọ. Site Phytobenthos agụnye a dịgasị iche iche nke algae na-na-emegharị na-ebi ndụ na-enweghị ìhè anyanwụ. Plankton - a dịgasị iche iche nke obere nke na-ise n'elu kpam kpam n'ime mmiri na-adịghị ike na-egosi na ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ ụfọdụ ndị na-eguzogide ndiwet. Nke a na-agụnye bacteria, obere ụdị ahịhịa mmiri, akịrịkọ, azu larvae na invertebrates. Osisi akụ nke Barents Sea n'ozuzu bụ nnọọ ogbenye, dị ka ọ na-emi odude ke edere edere Arctic. Na-adịghị ahụkebe ọ bụ n'ihe ize ndụ na umu na-ahụghị. Macroalgae plurality nke di iche iche (194) na-na oké osimiri Murmansk. Ọkà mmụta sayensị achọpụtawo ebe a 75 red, 39 green na 80 subspecies nke aja aja.

mmiri

Fish nke Barents Sea ego bụ nnukwu ezuru. Ya mere, e na-na-mepụtara na azu. Ọ bụ ezie na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị guru 114 umu, ma ihe kasị mkpa na mmekọrita azu na-atụle nke 20 ha. Nke a azụ asa, Haddock, azụ okpo, halibut, okporoko, redfish, ndagharị, na ndị ọzọ, ma ndị a azụ-eme ka elu 80% nke ngụkọta catch nke obodo "dinta". Iji spawn, ha na-aga n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Norway, na ka toro ighe na-egwu mmiri na oké osimiri ohere. Arctic azụ juputa eke ego nke Barents Sea. Nke a saffron okporoko, azụ asa malopozvonochnaya pola ndagharị, Greenland halibut, pola shark na smelt. Ma pụrụ iche uru ha na-adịghị akụ azụ.

Mammals na nnụnụ

Ndu akụ nke Barents Sea na zaa mammals. Ha na-ekewa atọ dị iche iche: pinnipeds, cetaceans na-eri anụ. Ihe mbụ na-agụnye harp akara ma ọ bụ ụbọ akwara akara, oké osimiri ùrúrù, wolrus ringed akara, wdg Iji nke abụọ - .. Beluga, Belobokov dolphin napu, harp whale egbu whale, wdg Site nke atọ -. A pola bear na Russian depụtara na Red akwụkwọ. Resources na Barents Sea n'etiti mammals akpali n'ihi na azu, ya bụ akụta akàrà. Coast nke esite jupụtara nnụnụ chịrị, ya bụ, nnukwu colonial nesting. Ebe i nwere ike ịhụ tii, kittiwake, guillemot na nwa guillemot.

gburugburu

Barents Sea ego na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na-nnọọ njikọ chiri anya, ebe ọ bụ na oké mmadụ aka na gburugburu ebe obibi mgbe niile iduga njọ. Nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi kwere n'ebe a bụ ihe pụrụ iche, n'ihi na ndị dị otú ahụ a doro anya oké osimiri gburugburu Europe ọzọ na ị gaghị ahụ. Ma ka e bụ nnọọ nnukwu nsogbu - poaching. Overfishing na-eduga ná pụọ n'anya umu na nsogbu nke eluigwe na ala itule. Norway na Russia nwere sharply ebelata a megidere iwu na-amịrị na-arụpụta. Ọzọ nke Barents Sea bụ a akụ na ụba nke mmanụ eke gas. Na-adịghị-uru nke a ndị mmadụ nwere ike ọ bụghị. Ya mere, ezi mgbe e nwere umu anwuru nke "nwa gold" na mmiri pụta, nke bụ nnọọ detrimental utịp ke anụmanụ niile.

Ọzọkwa pụrụ iche bụ odida obodo nke oké osimiri. Ya mere, International Fund for Nature aka ná ntị na nwetụrụ ndudue n'oge mmepụta ma ọ bụ iga nke mmanu ndi mere onwe fuels pụrụ iduga gburugburu ebe obibi ọdachi. Ọ bụrụ na e dị otú ahụ nsogbu, ọbụna ruo afọ 30 na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-agaghị ekwe omume na-kpam kpam-ewepụ ihe nile na ya pụta. Mgbe niile, ọnọdụ a na-nọrọkwa eziokwu na ala okpomọkụ anaghị ekwe ka bacteria mụbaa, nke pụtara na eke ihicha usoro nanị anaghị arụ ọrụ. Nke a bụ ihe bara uru na-eche banyere.

N'ihi ya, na Barents Sea - a pụrụ iche mmiri ahụ, nke a ga-echebe. Nke a bụ ebe ọgaranya azụ na eke ego, nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ eke ego, nke na-enye ya ọbụna karị uru.