Neuroleptic - na ... Action neuroleptics. ndepụta neuroleptics

Neuroleptic - a pụrụ iche ọgwụ na-eji na a dịgasị iche iche nke ọrịa uche. A, ndị dị otú ahụ ngwaọrụ na-eji maka ọgwụgwọ nke neuropathic ọrịamkpokọta, psychosis, ọgwụ nwekwara ike ga-eji na ịmụ anya arọ nrọ. Ọzọkwa, antipsychotic ọgwụ ndị ọgwụ iji gbochie isi ngosipụta nke iche echiche ọrịa na ụmụ mmadụ.

The isi mmetụta nke nkwadebe

Mmetụta nke neuroleptics bụ na achị. Isi pharmacological e ji mara - a ụdị a calming mmetụta, nke e ji a Mbelata mmeghachi omume mpụga stimuli, ebelata affective erughị ala na n'ahụhụ, nke suppression nke egwu, na-ebelata ihe ike. Antipsychotic ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere ike ebelata ịmụ anya arọ nrọ, delusions na ndị ọzọ na psychiatric mgbaàmà, nwere a ọgwụgwọ mmetụta ọrịa na-ata ahụhụ site na isi mgbaka na ndị ọzọ na psychosomatic ọrịa.

Ụfọdụ ọgwụ ọjọọ nke otu a nwere antiemetic ọrụ, ihe emereme nke neuroleptics a na-enweta n'ihi na nhọrọ mgbochi chemoreceptor akpalite (triggers) ngalaba nke medulla oblongata. Ụfọdụ antipsychotics nwere ike a ogwuura ma ọ bụ rụọ ọrụ (meekwa) mmetụta. A ọnụ ọgụgụ nke data ọcha ji n'aka normotimicheskoe na antidepressive edinam.

Pharmacological Njirimara na dị iche iche neuroleptic ọgwụ ọjọọ na-kwupụtara iche iche degrees. Nchikota bụ isi antipsychotic mmetụta na ndị ọzọ Njirimara na-akọwa profaịlụ nke ha mmetụta na-egosi.

Olee otú antipsychotics?

Antipsychotics - ọgwụ ọjọọ na mwute mmetụta na reticular guzobere nke ụbụrụ. Drug Action data nwekwara ejikọrọ na mmetụta na omume na-ejide excitation dị iche iche njikọ nke etiti na elu ụjọ usoro. Taa, ndị kasị mụọ bụ mmetụta nke neuroleptics dị ka onye ogbugbo mmetụta na Filiks na ụbụrụ. Ọkà mmụta sayensị na-akwakọba ezu data na mmetụta nke ndị a elekọta mmadụ na adrenergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic, na GABAergic ọgụgụ akwara mbufe ozi ọzọ Filiks nke na-agụnye mmetụta na neuropeptide na ụbụrụ usoro. Karịsịa a otutu anya na nso nso nyere usoro nke na mmekọrịta nke dopamine ụbụrụ owuwu na neuroleptics. Mgbe mgbochi nke onye ogbugbo ọrụ nke dopamine egosi isi mmetụta nke ọgwụ ndị a, na-amalite na-akpọ neuroleptic syndrome ji extrapyramidal ọrịa, e.g., dị ka ịsụ muscle mkpi, akathisia (erughị ala), parkinsonism (tremor, muscle rigidity), erughị ala, ahụ ọkụ . Nke a pụrụ isi kwuo ya na-enweta n'ihi na igbochi mmetụta nke neuroleptics na subcortical owuwu nke ụbụrụ ebe metụtara nanị akụkụ ụfọdụ ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke na-anabata ya na ndị chọrọ nlezianya ka dopamine.

Igosipụta mmetụta nke antipsychotic ọgwụ ọjọọ - ọ bụ oge maka mgbazi nke ọgwụgwọ na nhọpụta nke pụrụ iche correctors (ọgwụ ọjọọ "Akineton", "Cyclodol").

pharmacodynamics

Neuroleptic - a ọgwụ, eme na Central dopamine anabata akpalite ụfọdụ endocrine ọrịa, gụnyere ndị ha na mmetụta na-akpali akpali lactation. Mgbe igbochi neuroleptics pituitary dopamine anabata enwekwukwa secretion nke prolactin. Ime na hypothalamus, ọgwụ ndị a inhibit secretion nke ibu hormone na corticotropin.

Antipsychotics - ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere obere ọkara ndụ na ahụ, na mgbe a otu ochichi, ha nwere a obere mmetụta. Ọkà mmụta sayensị kere a pụrụ iche ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na ogologo oge nke edinam ( "DITT ebusa", "Geloperidola decanoate," "Piportil L4", "klopiksol ebusa"). antipsychotics na-emekarị jikọtara na onye ọ bụla ọzọ ụtụtụ na-ewere ọgwụ na-akpali akpali mmetụta, na nke abụọ - a ogwuura. Iji enyemaka na affective-nkwenkwe ụgha syndrome na-atụ aro na-na njikọ antidepressants na antipsychotics.

egosi

Ịnata kenyere antipsychotics, karịsịa maka ịgwọ nozogeny paranoid Jeremaya mere (mwute Jeremaya) na-adịghị ala ala somatoform mgbu aghara.

Regulations prescribing data

neuroleptic ọgwụgwọ na-butere na abụọ na-aga ọgwụgwọ dose, na mgbe ahụ na-enyocha mmetụta na-ekpebi mkpa ịgbanwe usoro onunu ogwu. The onunu ogwu nke neuroleptics ngwa ngwa toro ka a na-size, bụ nke a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ ebelata ke 3-5 ugboro, na ọgwụ na-aghọ ihe mgbochi-naakwagide agwa. Ịgbanwe kenyere ego nke ọgwụ bụ nditịm na n'otu n'otu. On mmezi doses ruo na mgbe ha ruru chọrọ ọgwụgwọ mmetụta. Ẹda mgbochi nlọghachi azụ ọgwụ mma ọgwụ ndị ruo ogologo oge ihe. The usoro ochichi nke psychotropic ọgwụ ọjọọ bụ ihe dị mkpa. Mgbe mbụ ogbo nke ọgwụgwọ, parenteral ochichi na-atụ aro na nke nnwere onwe nke mgbaàmà emee ngwa ngwa (igba ogwu n'akwara bolus, igba ogwu n'akwara ntapu, intramuscular). Ọzọkwa ọkacha mma ọnụ buru neuroleptics. Ndepụta nke kasị irè ọgwụ ọjọọ a ga-enye n'okpuru ebe a.

Drug "Propazin"

Ngwá ọrụ a nwere a ogwuura mmetụta, na-ebelata nchekasị na locomotor ọrụ. Ọgwụ eji na borderline ọrịa na ọrịa na somatic ọrịa, ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere nsogbu n'obi, phobic ọrịa, nsogbu àgwà. Were ọgwụ n'ime 2-3 ugboro n'ụbọchị nke 25 mg, ma ọ dị mkpa - na dose nwere ike ụba ruo 100-150 mg kwa ụbọchị. Mgbe na-eji obere doses nke ngosipụta nke ọrịa Parkinson, dị ka a na-achị, ọ na-abụghị hụrụ.

Drug "Etaperazin"

Antipsychotic agwọ ọrịa nwere Rụọ ọrụ mmetụta na-emetụta ọrịamkpokọta na-ji lethargy, mgbagwoju anya, lethargy. Ke adianade do, ọgwụ ọjọọ, "Etaperazin" a na-eji maka ọgwụgwọ nke neuroses, Bilie nchegbu, egwu, nchegbu. The kwa ụbọchị dose nke agwọ ọrịa bụ 20 mg.

Pụtara "Triftazin"

Protivobredovym ọgwụ nwere a nnọọ mmetụta aka hallucinatory ọrịa. The agwọ ọrịa nwere a agafeghị oke na-akpali akpali (meekwa) mmetụta. Ọ ga-eji na ọgwụgwọ nke gbara gharịị ịda mbà n'obi na onu nke ibu. Maka ọgwụgwọ nke somatoform ọrịa na nkà mmụta ọgwụ "Triftazin" jikọtara na antidepressants na tranquilizers. The onunu ogwu nke agwọ ọrịa bụ 20-25 mg kwa ụbọchị.

Drug "teralen"

The agwọ ọrịa nwere antihistaminic na neuroleptic ọrụ. Nkwadebe "teralen" bụ a nwayọọ ogwuura na nwere a mmetụta dị mma na sinestopaticheski ipohondricheskih ịrịba ama ókè aha psychosomatic mgbaàmà na ịzụlite megide na-efe efe somatogenic, vaskụla ngosipụta na neuro pathologies. Ọtụtụ-eji gerontological omume na ọrịa ụmụaka. Na-atụ aro maka ojiji na-adịghị anabata ọrịa na akpụkpọ onya. Drug n'ime 10-40 mg kwa ụbọchị, intramuscularly eji dị ka a 0,5% ngwọta.

Pụtara "Tiridazin"

The ọgwụ nwere antipsychotic mmetụta na obi dajụọ enweghị na-eme ogwuura na lethargy. Ọzọkwa, agwọ ọrịa na-akpa na-agafeghị oke timolepticheskoe edinam. Ndị kasị dị irè usọbọ na obi na-egosi rastrojstvah, ji nchekasị, nchegbu, agụụ. Na ọgwụgwọ nke borderline ọnọdụ eji 40-100 mg nke ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị. Mgbe phenomena dị ka neurasthenia, ogwe, nchegbu, neurogenic ọtọ eriri afọ na obi ọrịa na-ewere ọgwụ 2-3 ugboro n'ụbọchị maka 5/10/25 mg. Premenstrual ụjọ aghara - 1-2 ugboro n'ụbọchị 25 mg.

Drug "Chlorprothixenum"

Antipsychotic ọgwụ na nwere a ogwuura mmetụta, enwekwu mmetụta nke hypnotic ọgwụ ọjọọ. Eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na psychoneurotic ọnọdụ ji egwu, nchegbu. Iji nke ọgwụ na-owụt ke neurosis, gụnyere megide ndabere nke dị iche iche somatic ọrịa, nsogbu ihi ụra, anụ ọnyá, subdepressive ala. pụtara nke 5-10-15 mg dose, na-ọgwụ mgbe nri 3-4 ugboro n'ụbọchị.

Drug "Flyuanksol"

Ngwá ọrụ a nwere antidepressive, rụọ ọrụ, anxiolytic mmetụta. Na ọgwụgwọ nke dara ya mbà na-ekwu buru apathic 0.5-3 mg nke ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị. Maka ọgwụgwọ nke psychosomatic ọrịa na subdepression, asthenia, hypochondriacal ngosipụta kwa ụbọchị dose bụ 3 mg. Agwọ ọrịa "Flyuanksol" adịghị akpata n'ehihie ụra na ọ dịghị ihe a pụrụ isi kwuo na-elekwasị anya.

Pụtara "Eglonil"

The ọgwụ usoro iwu utịp ke CNS, nwere a agafeghị oke neuroleptic ọrụ, nke na-achọkwa na ụfọdụ antidepressant na stimulant mmetụta. Ọ na-eji na ọnọdụ nke na-ji adịghị ike, lethargy, anergy. Jiri na ọrịa na somatoform, somatisation ọrịa na ndabere subdepressive na ọnọdụ na akpụkpọ ọrịa, Bilie itching. Nke a na ọgwụ na-karịsịa gosiri maka ojiji na ọrịa bụ onye a zoro ezo ụdị ịda mbà n'obi, senestopaticheskie aghara. Ọ na-atụ aro iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme "Eglonil" na ịda mbà n'obi na akpọ cephalgic syndrome, ọnụnọ nke ndị dị otú ahụ sensations ka vertigo na migraine. The ngwá ọrụ na-nwere a cytoprotective utịp ke gastric mucosa, n'ihi ya, ọ na-eji maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka mgbu, duodenal ọnyá afọ na afo, agbakasị bowel syndrome, Crohn oria. The na-atụ aro dose - 50-100 mg kwa ụbọchị, kwa ụbọchị dose nwere ike mụbara 150-200 mg ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa. Ọgwụ e nwere ike iwere na Nchikota na sedating antidepressants.

Mmetụta nke neuroleptics

Dị ka ọ bụla ọzọ ọgwụ, na-ezighị ezi akụkụ bụ, na antipsychotics, reviews ndị ji dị otú ahụ na-egosi na o kwere omume mmepe nke oghom mmetụta. Ogologo oge eji ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ ndị a ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere ike ime ka ndị na-esonụ phenomena:

• All accelerated ngagharị, a onye na-ezighị ezi na-akpụ akpụ dị iche iche ntụziaka, na-emekarị na a elu na-agba. Tufuo àgwà echiche, wetuo obi, chọta a ala ọnọdụ, ị nwere ike nanị mgbe n'ikuku nke psychotropic ọgwụ ọjọọ.

• E nwere a mgbe nile ije nke eyeballs, mọzụlụ nke ihu na akụkụ dị iche iche nke ahụ ya, grimacing.

• N'ihi na mbibi nke ndị na ọdịdị ihu uru ịgbanwe ya atụmatụ. "Skewed" mmadụ pụrụ mgbe laghachi nkịtị, anọ na onye ruo ọnwụ ya.

• N'ihi na ọzụzụ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-elekọta neuroleptics na mmegbu nke ụjọ usoro amalite oké ịda mbà n'obi, nke budata emetụta irè nke ọgwụgwọ.

• Neuroleptic - a ọgwụ nke nwere a kpọmkwem utịp ke eriri afọ tract, otú ọgwụgwọ data ọgwụ nwere ike iche na afo erughị ala, akọrọ ọnụ.

• Dị otú ahụ bekee na-eme ka neuroleptics ka thioxanthene na phenothiazine, imetụta mmadụ ọhụụ.

gbara gharịị antipsychotics

Ndị dị otú ahụ ọgwụ ndị a ukwuu utịp ke serotonin anabata karịa dopamine. Ya mere, anxiolytic na ogwuura mmetụta ha nwere ọzọ akpọ karịa antipsychotic. N'ụzọ dị iche na-ahụkarị neuroleptics, ha na-erughị emetụta ụbụrụ.

Tụlee isi gbara gharịị antipsychotics.

Agwọ ọrịa "Sulpiride"

A ọgwụ na-eji maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka somatized ọrịa uche, hypochondriacal, senestopaticheskie ọrịamkpokọta. The agwọ ọrịa nwere mmetụta nke rụọ ọrụ edinam.

Drug "Solian"

Akparamagwa nke ngwá ọrụ a yiri gara aga nkwadebe. Ọ na-eji na ọnọdụ na hypobulia, enweghị mmasị ngosipụta iji cupping hallucinatory-nkwenkwe ụgha ọrịa.

Pụtara "Clozapine"

The ọgwụ nwere a akara ogwuura mmetụta, ma ọ dịghị eme ka ịda mbà n'obi. Eji ọgwụ na ọgwụgwọ nke catatonic na hallucinatory-nkwenkwe ụgha ọrịamkpokọta.

Pụtara "Olanzalin"

The ọgwụ na-eji na psychotic ọrịa na catatonic syndrome. Na ruo ogologo oge iji ọgwụ nwere ike ịzụlite ibu oké ibu.

Drug "Risperidone"

Nke a gbara gharịị ji ọtụtụ ná. Nhoputa ọgwụ nwere mmetụta megide hallucinatory-delirious mgbaàmà, catatonic mgbaàmà, nsogbu àgwà chaa aghara.

Pụtara "Rispolept-Consta"

Nke a bụ a na-eme ọgwụ na stabilizes ndị ọrịa ahụ ike. Ọzọkwa, ọ pụtara na-egosi elu nrụpụta megide nnukwu hallucinatory-paranoid ọrịamkpokọta endrogennogo Jenesis.

Agwọ ọrịa "Quetiapine"

Nke a ọgwụ, dị ka ndị ọzọ gbara gharịị antipsychotics, na-emetụta ma dopamine na na seratoninovye anabata. Ọ na-eji na paranoid, hallucinatory ọrịamkpokọta, manic obi ụtọ. Ọgwụ nwere antidepressant na moderately akpọ stimulatory mmetụta.

Drug "Ziprasidone"

Pụtara mmetụta ndị dopamine D-2 anabata, 5-HT-2 ihe nnabata na nkanka na reuptake nke nọrepinefrini na serotonin. Ọ na-ekpebi ya irè na ọgwụgwọ nke nnukwu hallucinatory-nkwenkwe ụgha na affective ọrịa. Iji nke ọgwụ na-contraindicated na ọnụnọ nke arrhythmias na abnormalities nke obi usoro.

Pụtara "Aripiprazole"

The na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na-eji na niile iche nke psychotic ọrịa. The ọgwụ na-enyere iji weghachi cognitive ọrụ isi mgbaka ọgwụ.

Pụtara "Sertindole"

Applied agwọ ọrịa mgbe inertly-apathic states, ọgwụ mma cognitive ọrụ, nwere antidepressant ọrụ. Na-akpachara anya were na nkà mmụta ọgwụ "Sertindole" na ọrịa obi - nwere ike ime ka arrhythmia.

Drug "Invega"

The na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na-egbochi nkpasu-iwe catatonic, hallucinatory-nkwenkwe ụgha, psychotic mgbaàmà na ọrịa na isi mgbaka.

Mmetụta nke gbara gharịị antipsychotics

Action nke ọgwụ ọjọọ ndị dị ka "Clozapine" "olanzapine" "Risperidone", "Ariprazol" onu na-esonyere a ịrịba neyrolepsii na endocrine mgbanwe nwere ike ime ka ibu ibu, bulimia development, dịkwuo larịị nke ụfọdụ homonụ (prolactin). Na ọgwụgwọ nke ọgwụ "Clozapine" e nwere ike ịbụ ihe ọdịdọ na agranulocytosis. Ịnakwere pụtara "Quetiapine" mgbe mgbe ka iro ụra, isi ọwụwa, mụbara imeju transaminases, na-abawanye na ahu aro.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na taa, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-akwakọba ezu ọmụma na-egosi na kara gbara gharịị antipsychotics n'elu ahụkarị bụghị nnọọ ịrịba ama. Na inweta e kenyere ha mgbe eji typical neuroleptics budata melite ọrịa na-arịa na-adịghị hụrụ.

Ndọrọ ego nke neuroleptics

Dị ka ọgwụ ọ bụla ọzọ na-eji ihe ndị na-emetụta ụbụrụ, ọgwụ na-agwọ ọrịa neuroleptic na-eme ka ahụ ike na uche dị ike. Mwepụ nke ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere ike ịkpalite mmegide nke oké iwe, ịda mbà n'obi. Mmadụ na-enweghi ndidi, whiny. Ọzọkwa, enwere ike ịnwe ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa ahụ, maka ọgwụgwọ nke neuroleptics ji.

Site n'echiche echiche, ihe ngosi na nhichapụ nke neuroleptics yiri ihe mgbaàmà ahụ mgbe a na-ehichapụ ọgwụ: onye na-ata ahụhụ n'ime ọkpụkpụ, ọ na-enwe isi ọwụwa, ehighi ụra. Nausea, afọ ọsịsa na ọrịa ndị ọzọ na-awa ahụ.

Nkwado mmụta uche nke mmadụ adịghị ekwe ka mmadụ hapụ itinye ego ndị a, n'ihi na ụjọ na-atụ ya ịlaghachi n'ọnọdụ obi ọjọọ na ịda mbà n'obi.

Kedu ka m nwere ike isi kwụsị ịṅụ ọgwụ na-adịghị na-egbochi ahụike m? Nke mbụ, ị kwesịrị ịmara na iji antipsychotics na-enweghị ndenye ọgwụ na-emegide. Naanị onye ọkachamara ahụmahụ nwere ike ịchọpụta ọnọdụ onye ọrịa ahụ ma chọpụta ọgwụgwọ dị mkpa. Nakwa, dọkịta ahụ ga-enye aro maka ibelata ọgwụ nke ọgwụ a kpochapụrụ. Ọgwụgwọ nke ọgwụ kwesịrị ibelata nke nta nke nta, n'emeghị ka enwe mmetụta nke nkụda mmụọ. Ọzọkwa, onye ọkachamara na-edepụta antidepressants nke ga-akwado ọnọdụ uche onye ọrịa ahụ ma gbochie mmepe nke ịda mbà n'obi.

Neuroleptic bụ ọgwụ eji eme ka uche mmadụ dịrị. Otú ọ dị, iji zere mmepe nke mmetụta mmetụta, jide n'aka na ị ga-agbaso ndụmọdụ nke dọkịta ma ghara ịchọrọ onwe gị. Nwee ahụ ike!