N'ihi na ozi na otú chọta a ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe kwesịrị ịma ọ bụla na-amụrụ

akwụkwọ onwu N'ezie bụ ihe mmeghe ndu mgbagwoju sayensị. Site ná mmalite, ụmụ akwụkwọ na-agbalị chepụta otú dozie imewe nsogbu. Ka e were ya na mgbe mbụ nkebi, ha nwere obere uru ojiji, ma ọ bụrụ na a na-amụrụ mụtara ihe atụ, otú ahụ a otutu unreacted bekee, o nwere ike ekwu na a oké njọ nweta.

Tụlee a mfe atụ nke nsogbu, na-adabere na nke ị nwere ike ịmụta otú na-edozi ihe mgbagwoju. Iche na zuru ezu combustion nke carbon monoxide (II) i were 11.2 lita. Olee otú ọtụtụ ndị grams nke CO2 ị enwe ike inwe?

1. etolite mmeghachi omume akụkụ.

CO + O2 = CO2

2. equalize oxygen. E nwere iwu ụfọdụ, nke ọtụtụ mgbe nwere ike inyere gị aka. Amalite ndokwa ọnụọgụ nke a umi, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke bụ iberibe atọm. Na nke a, oxygen na molekul CO. Iji na-etinye ya ihe na-akpata 2. Ebe ọ bụ na n'aka ekpe kpụrụ abụọ carbon atọm, na nri - otu, na mgbe ahụ napụta CO2 2. N'ihi ya, anyị na-enweta:

2CO + O2 = 2CO2

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na ekpe na nri n'akụkụ nke anọ oxygen atọm. Carbon na-echekwara na itule. N'ihi ya, anyị na-equalized nri.

3. Ọzọ, ị chọrọ ịhụ ego nke O2. Mkpebi siri ike nke molekụla uka maka ụmụ akwụkwọ kwa cumbersome na ike icheta, otú anyị na-eji a dị iche iche usoro. Cheta na e nwere a ezengwenri ego nke bụ hà 22,4 l / ahumachi. Ị mkpa ịchọta otú ọtụtụ ntụpọ ojii n'ahụ (n) banye mmeghachi omume :. N = V / V m Na anyị ikpe, n = 0,5 mol.

4. Ugbu a isere elu a hà. The ego nke oxygen nke banyere n'ime mmeghachi omume ọkara n (CO2). Nke a ndị a si eziokwu na 0,5 ntụpọ ojii n'ahụ / ahumachi nke 1 = x / 2. A mfe ruru nke abụọ ụkpụrụ nke aka mee ka nri akụkụ. Mgbe anyị na-ahụ x = 1, anyị nwere ike inwe azịza ajụjụ nke esi achọta uka.

5. Ezi na-amalite ga-echeta ọzọ usoro: m = M * n. The ikpeazụ agbanwe hụrụ, ma ihe na-eme M? Ezengwenri uka - a experimentally ka ikwu hydrogen. Ọ na-denoted site n'akwụkwọ ozi M. Ugbu a anyị maara na m (CO2) = 12 g / mol * 1 ahumachi = 12 g Nke ahụ a zara. Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, ọ dịghị ihe siri ike.

Nke a ọrụ dị mfe na a dịgasị iche iche nke ndị ọzọ. Ma isi ihe - ịghọta otú chọta uka. Kere a molekul nke a umi. Ọ dịwo mara na ahumachi mejupụtara 6 10 ^ 23 ụmụ irighiri. N'otu oge ahụ na oge table mmewere e arụnyere ibu kwa 1 mol. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ dị mkpa iji gbakọọ ezengwenri uka nke umi. E were M (H20) = 18 grams / ahumachi. Nke ahụ bụ, otu hydrogen molekul nwere M = 1 gram / mol. Ma mmiri nwere abụọ atọm nke H. Ọzọkwa, echefula banyere ọnụnọ oxygen, nke na-enye anyị ihe ọzọ 16 grams. N'ịchịkọta, anyị nweta 18 grams / ahumachi.

The n'ọnụ uka ngụkọta oge ga-ekemende abụ nke bara uru iji. Karịsịa n'ihi na ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị na-atụ anya na a chemical omumuihe. Atụla egwu nke okwu Chineke, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-amụ na ndị na-abụghị isi akwụkwọ. Ma ọ bụrụ na onwu - profaịlụ gị isiokwu, ọ kasị mma ịghara na-agba ọsọ isi banye n'eluigwe. Ya mere, ugbu a na ị maara otú chọta uka. Cheta na onwu dị ezigbo mkpa na-agbanwe agbanwe ma na-echebara onye ọ bụghị naanị maara ụfọdụ algọridim, ma maara otú iji ha.