Nodule bacteria - symbiotic ntule na idozi nitrogen

Nodule bacteria ndị microorganisms na nke genus rhizobium (site na okwu Grik maka okwu -. "Ibi mgbọrọgwụ"). Ha na-ẹkenam n'ime mgbọrọgwụ usoro nke osisi na-ebi ndụ e. N'otu oge ahụ ha na-adịghị nje, t. Iji. Ọ bụghị nanị na bacteria, kamakwa nnọchiteanya nke osisi uru. Dị otú ahụ apụta bara uru ịdị adị nke ntule akpọ symbiosis. Na nke a, ihe ọzọ osisi na-emepụta site na ikuku nitrogen nke "catch" ndị microorganisms na bacteria ha - carbohydrates na mineral. Ụfọdụ ndị kweere na a prokaryotes nwere biri na mgbọrọgwụ naanị nnọchiteanya legume ezinụlọ, ma ọ bụghị. E nwere osisi ndị ọzọ onye mgbọrọgwụ enye ebe obibi nodule prokaryotes - dị ka alder, amì ọhịa na na ..

N'ihi na ntule rhizobium genus e ji polymorphism, ie. E forms of bacteria bụ nnọọ iche iche. Ndị a microorganisms nwere ike ibughari na anyịnya, nwere udi nke ákwà na-acha ma ọ bụ nje na-akpata, filamentary, oval. Na ọtụtụ na-eto eto prokaryotes bụ mkpanaka-ekara, nke na-amụba afọ na dịgasị ruru ka ìgwè nri na Immobilization. Na ya ndụ okirikiri organism na-aga ebe ọtụtụ nkebi, nke nwere ike ikpe site n'ile ya anya. Ná mmalite nke a udi ruo, mgbe ahụ, a na-akpọ "belted ruo" (nwere eriri na abụba inclusions) na n'ikpeazụ bakteriod - nnukwu irregularly ekara ofu cell.

Nodule bacteria bụ kpọmkwem, ie. E., Ha na-enwe ike idozi naanị a kpọmkwem otu ma ọ bụ ụdị osisi. Nke a ihe onwunwe nke microorganisms genetically kpụrụ. Ọzọ dị mkpa bụ ịdị irè - ike imubanye ikuku nitrogen zuru ezu quantities ha usu osisi. Nke a ihe onwunwe abụghị mgbe nile na ike ịdị iche n'ihi na gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ.

Banyere otú nodule bacteria tinye mgbọrọgwụ, e nweghị otutu mmadu kwenyere, Otú ọ dị, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị hypotheses banyere usoro nke ha penetration. Ihe atụ, ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kweere na prokaryotes na-ẹkenam n'ime mgbọrọgwụ site ya anụ ahụ mebiri, ebe ndị ọzọ na-ekwu banyere penetration site na mgbọrọgwụ ntutu. E nwekwara otu auxin amụma - ọtụtụ ndị chere na satellite mkpụrụ ndụ, nke na-enyere ndị bacteria na-ẹkenam n'ime mgbọrọgwụ mkpụrụ ndụ.

The otu nkunye n'akparamagwa abụọ n'ụzọ: nke mbụ - ọrịa nke mgbọrọgwụ gụwo ntutu, na mgbe ahụ na - guzobe nodules. Na oge nke na-adọ bụ dị iche iche na-adabere na ụdị nke osisi.

Pụtara nke bacteria bụ ndị nwere ike idozi nitrogen, bụ nnukwu maka ugbo, t. K. Nje ndị a na ike melite arụpụtaghị. Site ndị a microorganisms nje fatịlaịza dị njikere, nke a na-eji maka ọgwụgwọ osisi si leguminous na-akwalite ngwa ngwa oria mgbọrọgwụ. Dị iche iche nke ezinụlọ papilionaceous ọdịda ọbụna na ogbenye Ona anaghị achọ ọzọ nitrogen fatịlaịza. Ya mere, 1 hectare nke agwa "na" na rhizobia n'oge afọ sụgharịta n'ime a ibikwa ala nke 100-400 n'arọ nke nitrogen.

N'ihi ya, nodule bacteria - symbiotic ntule, nke ndị dị oké mkpa ọ bụghị nanị na ndụ nke osisi, kamakwa nitrogen okirikiri ke uwa.