Nweta: ihe atụ na

The guzobere ọhụrụ okwu - a dị nnọọ mkpa usoro. Ọ na-ekwu na asụsụ adịghị guzo, ọ na-amalite, bụ na-aga n'ihu. The usoro nke ịghọ a okwu nke asụsụ ahụ bụ nnọọ ogologo, n'ihi na ebu nwere ka e ji ya. New okwu na-akpọ neologisms. A sayensị nke na-amụrụ ụzọ nke ọdịdị ha - okwu guzobere.

Okwu guzobere dị ka a asụsụ ngalaba

Ọ bụla okwu e nwere ịrịba akụkụ nke morpheme. Nke a na-echegbu bụghị naanị Russian, kamakwa nke ndị ọzọ nile na-asụ asụsụ. A n'akụkụ na-akpọ mkpa, n'ihi na ọ abuana ke guzobere ọhụrụ okwu, ha anaghị agbanwe n'oge declension ma ọ bụ conjugation. Ndị a morphemes bụ prefixes, suffixes na isi. N'ihi ya - na ụzọ nke okwu n'usoro okwu prefixed na suffix.

Ọ na-etinye aka na ntọala na ọdịdị okwu ọhụrụ. Na-emekarị, ọ bụ maka na guzobere compound okwu, n'ihi na fundamentals, mmekọrịta na onye ọ bụla ọzọ, na-guzobere.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ siri ike Chọpụta mmalite nke na kemgbe a ma ọ bụ na okwu. Na nke a, ọ na-enyere nweta akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu. Ọ bụ, ọ bụla asụsụ. I nwekwara ike anya n'ime etymological, dị ka na-abụkarị morpheme nke okwu a ugboro kpụrụ, gwakọtara ya na mgbọrọgwụ.

Dị ka ihe atụ, okwu na ebe nchekwa. Na usoro nke akụkọ ihe mere eme mmepe, okwu ka furu efu PA-top igbe, site nke mere. Ugbu a, morphemic parsing anyị mata nke a okwu na-akpata, ntọala na ọgwụgwụ.

The guzobere okwu na suffixes

Suffixes na-ifịk ke ọdịdị nke okwu ọhụrụ. Ha nwere ike ma-atụkwasịkwara na isi, site na nke sitere (suffix usoro) na truncated (bessufiksny, bezaffiksny usoro). Tụlee ihe atụ nke okwu-guzobere suffix.

Ka anyị hụ otú Nebula e guzobere noun. Nyochaa a derivational yinye: Akpa, okwu adjective ijuputa n'igirigi foogu kpụrụ na suffix - N - (suffix usoro), n'ihu n'ebe suffix okwu -ost- guzobere Nebula suffixed n'ụzọ.

Ka anyị tụlee ihe ọzọ yiri okwu guzobere. Ihe atụ nke (nkenke): na-acha ọcha - protein (isi na-acha ọcha - na suffix - c -); ship - na Loader (isi ibu - na suffix - snip -); ụwa - n'ala (ntọala ụwa - na suffix - Yang -).

Ugbu a anyị na-edebe otú okwu na-guzobere bezaffiksnym ụzọ. Anyị mara ozugbo na a onu a na-eme Russian asụsụ obere ugboro ugboro karịa agbakwụnye suffix. N'ihi ya kpụrụ nanị nouns. Nke a na usoro bụ dị ka ndị: suffix na-ebipụ na-amị bases.

Tụlee ihe atụ a: si adjective miri clipping ụzọ suffix pụtara noun omimi. Anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere bezaffiksnom ụzọ, n'ihi na adjective isi gbanwere isi.

More ihe atụ: jụụ - jụụ (si isi nke stills - Ha we bipu a suffix); rue - ntughari (site na ndabere nke mgbanwe ebipụ suffix - na -); na-agba ọsọ - ọsọ (na-agba ọsọ site na ntọala - na bee suffix - na -).

Nweta na prefixes

Ọzọ na-ewu ewu ụzọ - prefixation ma ọ bụ prefixed. ya dị na eziokwu na site na mbụ okwu nganiihu ewepụta ndabere. Ọ ga-eti na mgbe iji usoro a nke amị emepụta na okwu - otu akụkụ nke okwu.

Tụlee otú nweta. Ihe Nlereanya bụ: Okwu-guzobere yinye ojii - ojii - Privokzalny. Si okwu ebe kpụrụ okwu suffixed ụzọ ojii (abuana -n- suffix), mgbe ahụ, na-enyemaka nke prefixes kpụrụ pri- okwu Privokzalny platformers ụzọ. Jide n'aka na ntị ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na okwu ojii na Privokzalny - adjectives.

Ọzọ derivational yinye: Blue - mbịne acha anụnụ anụnụ - atụgharị-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ebe a, si isi nke-acha anụnụ anụnụ okwu suffixed ụzọ kpụrụ ngwaa na-atụgharị-acha anụnụ anụnụ, na-ama si na ya platformers - ngwaa atụgharị-acha anụnụ anụnụ.

Dị nnọọ kpụrụ okwu: ngwaa aga - aga (y nganiihu); ngwaa dee - ideghari (nganiihu u); adjectives ejiji - trendy (nganiihu super-); nouns nne nne - nne nne (nganiihu pra-); adverbs ekpe - ekpe (nganiihu ha); nnọchiaha onye - onye (Koe-top igbe)

Platformers-suffix usoro

E nwere otu mgbe e guzobere ọhụrụ okwu gụnyere ma suffix na nganiihu. Ọ platformers-suffixed okwu guzobere. Ihe Nlereanya ga-e gosiri n'okpuru.

Ka anyị Derivational yinye: n'ala - ala. A emepụta nke okwu kpụrụ a set-top igbe na - na suffix - na - mmasị n'otu oge. N'ihi ya, anyị na-edebe prefixed-suffix usoro.

Ọtụtụ mgbe okwu guzobere otú a ibili si a Nchikota a noun na a preposishion. Dị ka ihe atụ: na district - gafee osimiri; table - na table; boletus - n'okpuru a birch osisi. N'ihi ya, prepositions eji mgbe ihe ígwè prefixes.

The guzobere compound okwu

Ntoputa nke ọhụrụ okwu na ntọala nwere ike ịbụ aka. N'ihi ya, e nwere ike okwu ma ọ bụ slozhnosokraschennye. Ka anyị tụlee ụzọ ndị a na ihe atụ nke okwu guzobere.

The usoro nke mgbakwunye

Ọ nwere ike na-ekere òkè dị ka a zuru okwu, na ntọala ma ọ bụ akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ya. Words sofa bed, rọketi, table-akwụkwọ kpụrụ otú a.

Ọzọkwa mgbakwunye na nke bases nwere ike igba site na ejikọta ụdaume. Ha bụ ndị abụọ na Russian :. O, e N'ihi ya, e okwu ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka oké ọhịa-steppe, rover, ihe.

Ọzọ usoro nke mgbakwunye - zuru accession na bases nke truncated: poldyni, maa ụlọikwuu, mgbidi akwụkwọ akụkọ.

The ọhụrụ okwu nwere ike ịpụta na ahịrịokwu, na ịhazi ma ọ bụ subordinating: anụ na mmiri ara ehi (mmiri ara ehi na anụ - coordinative), ndị German-Russian (German na Russian - coordinative); agriculture (agriculture - irubere), ekpe-akụ (ekpe ụlọ akụ - irubere). Ọ bụrụ na n'etiti okwu coordinative nkekọ - ha hyphenated, na ọ bụrụ na subordinative - a ga-ede ka otu onye okwu.

Ndị a bụ ihe atụ nke okwu guzobere na Russian asụsụ compound okwu.

Slozhnosokraschennye okwu

The ntà Russian ụzọ okwu guzobere - slozhnosokraschennye okwu. Ha na-egosi site na-agbakwụnye syllables ma ọ bụ mbụ akwụkwọ ozi nke okwu. Ka anyị tụlee ụzọ ndị a na ihe atụ nke okwu guzobere.

Ọ bụrụ na okwu pụtara mgbe na-agbakwụnye mbụ akwụkwọ ozi, mgbe ahụ, ọ na-akpọ onye na acronym, na n'ikuku - afo. Computer (electronic kọmputa), Ụlọ ihe nkiri maka Young People (nwata nkiri), NPP (nuclear ike osisi) - niile ndebiri. Buru n'uche na ihe n'etiti akwụkwọ ozi na-adịghị mkpa na-etinye.

Ọzọ usoro nke na-akpụ slozhnosokraschennyh okwu - na mgbakwunye na nke syllables. Ọ bụ okwu dị ka icebreaker (atọm, ije), ugbo (mkpokọta ugbo), n'okike (Young n'okike), ngalaba ụlọ ahịa (ngalaba ụlọ ahịa).

Ngwaa dị otú ahụ ụzọ na-adịghị kpụrụ, naanị nouns na adjectives.

The guzobere okwu na English asụsụ

Nakwa dị ka na Russian, e nwere a okwu guzobere na English. Ihe Nlereanya nyochaa n'okpuru.

Nweta site nganiihu: ekwe omume (puru) - inpossible (agaghị ekwe omume - a nganiihu na); agha (agha) - prewar (tupu agha - a nganiihu tupu); dee (dee) - ideghari (ideghari - na nganiihu re). Ọ bụ ike ime ka onye na doro nnọọ anya ọgwụgwụ na na English, na lexical ihe okwu emepụta na-usoro uru nke consoles, ya bụ, ma ọ bụrụ na anyị mkpa na-etolite a ọhụrụ okwu, họrọ console nnọọ adabara lexical pụtara.

Ihe Nlereanya suffix nweta: izi (akụzi) - nkụzi (nkụzi). The ikpeazụ okwu bịara site n'isonyere ndabere nke na-akụzi - suffix - u -; free (ịbụ free) - nnwere onwe (nnwere onwe) - okwu a kpụrụ site suffix - Dom -; ike (ike) - ike (ike) - e hiwere na suffix - ut u -.

Nweta site na-agbakwụnye: ogbe ndịda (obodo center) e weere ihe ndị bụ isi ala (ike) na obodo (obodo); ala (ụgbọ oloko, ala) jikota n'okpuru ntọala (a) na ala (ụwa); ọrụ-free (ọrụ free shop) - ndabere nke oru (tax) na free (free, free).

E nwere English okwu kpụrụ truncating: nne nne - Nne nne (nne nne); ụzọ ụgbọ - sub (ụgbọ oloko); mgbakọ na mwepụ - maths (mgbakọ na mwepụ).

Afo na English bụkwa ikpe: amaghị efe efe ihe (UFO) - An unidentified-efe efe ihe (UFO); e-mail (electronic mail) - e-mail.

akakabarede

Ma na Russian na na English, e nwere ụzọ ọzọ nke na-akpụ okwu: akakabarede. Na nke a, akụkụ nke okwu na-tọghatara si onye ọzọ.

Tụlee na Russian asụsụ bụ okwu guzobere. Ihe Nlereanya agụnye: onye nkụzi adjective (ụlọ) na onye nkụzi noun; ice ude - site na adjective n'ime a noun.

Na English: mmiri ozuzo (mmiri ozuzo, noun) - ka mmiri ozuzo (drizzle, ngwaa); iji (iji ngwaa) - iji (iji a noun); acha anụnụ anụnụ (acha anụnụ anụnụ, noun) - acha anụnụ anụnụ (acha anụnụ anụnụ, adjective).

Inflection na okwu guzobere: ihe bụ ihe dị iche?

Ọ dị mkpa ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti inflection na okwu guzobere. Ihe Nlereanya nyochaa n'okpuru. Inflection - a mgbanwe udi nke okwu: ya ikpe, nọmba, okike, oge (ngwaa). Ndị ọzọ okwu, ndị na-abụghị na-adịgide adịgide ịrịba ama nke a ma ọ bụ na ịrịba akụkụ nke okwu. Emejuputa atumatu oru site na-agbanwe agbanwe na udi okwu site ọgwụgwụ ya.

Nweta otu - ọ bụ nnoo guzobere ọhụrụ okwu, naanị o nwere pụta ụwa morphological e ji mara. Ha na-anọgide na-agbanweghi agbanwe n'agbanyeghị nke ụdị nke okwu na-anọchi. Ka anyị tụlee a kpọmkwem atụ: na window - na window. N'ebe a, anyị na-agbara mgbanwe n'ụdị okwu, n'ihi na ọ gbanwere ogwugwu: okwu bụ na nominative ikpe, ya mere na dative. Ihe ọzọ a di na nwunye nke okwu na window - sill. Na nke a, anyị nwere a ohuru okwu nganiihu n'ụzọ: na na isi nke window - Tinye a nganiihu. Ke adianade do, window - okwu enweghinke obu, na sill - nwoke. Gbanwere mgbe nile morphological atụmatụ.

Ka anyị tụlee ihe abụọ ọzọ variants na ngwaa. First: Georgia - sinkers. Na nke a, e nwere a mgbanwe okwu on ezumike, gbanwere ogwugwu: efu ka - a. karị inflexion emee. Ọzọ nhọrọ bụ ụgbọ mmiri - na-emikpu. Ebe a, na-enyemaka nke prefixes - si na ngwaa imperfective guzobere ọhụrụ, nke zuru okè.