Oge oscillation: ọdịdị nke onu na ihe

Otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa e ji mara iche iche nke vibrations, nke ime na ọdịdị, na-na oge na ugboro ole nke oscillation. Ndị a anụ ahụ phenomena na-emekarị nke na, ma eleghị anya, ị na-apụghị-ezipụta na domain nke ịdị adị, nke e hụrụ anụ ahụ Filiks data. Ebe kachasị anya nke ịmụ banyere ọdịdị nke mmegharị ahụ bụ ngwaọrụ, ngwá electronic, astronomy, ebe na ndị ọzọ.

Ọ na - ejikọta alaka ndị a niile na ụdị mmegharị ahụ dị n'ime ha bụ otu ihe ahụ, na, ya mere, nkwupụta ahụ na - akọwa ihe ndị a bụ ihe zuru ụwa ọnụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a nabatara ya na oge na-anọchi anya ogologo oge mgbe ihe na-eme otu oscillation zuru oke ma laghachizie n'ọnọdụ mbụ ya. Ihe atụ kachasị atụ nke nke a bụ usoro oscillation nke oghere elekere.

Oscillations na ha Njirimara ịmata ọdịiche n'efu (ma ọ bụ nke ha) na kwekọrọ. Ndị a - ndị a bụ ndị sitere na mpụga ndị ọzọ na-etinye aka na ihe ahụ ma wepụ ya site na nhaju (n'ime igwe: ụda ngwá egwú, ihe igwe eji etinye aka na eri, wdg). Ebe kachasị mkpa na tiopụtara usoro oscillatory na-ejikwa ihe oscillations kwekọrọ. Ha na-eme ihe ndabere nke na-enye anyị ohere ịmepụta iwu nke ozizi a na ịtụle ọdịdị nke oscillations na usoro dị iche iche (mmiri, ikuku, gas, ihe mgbochi, wdg).

N'ịga n'ihu site na nkwupụta banyere ụwa niile nke tiopụtara nke oscillations, anyị nwere ike ikwubi na ụwa niile nke anụ ahụ, nke na-egosipụta ịdị ukwuu nke ndị a oscillations, n'agbanyeghị ọdịdị na akarị. Ndị a bụ oge na ugboro ole. Otu uzo esi achoputa oge nke mgbanwe, ekwuola n'elu. A na-akọwa ugboro ole oscillation dị ka ọnụọgụgụ nke zuru oke zuru ezu nke ihe maka otu oge nke oge. Oge na ugboro ole na nkwupụta nke oscillations jikọtara site na otu usoro na-emekarị na tiopụtara tiori. Na-akọwa na oge nke free oscillations nke usoro nke n'ụdị: f = 1 / T, ebe f - ugboro T - oge (omume, tinyere ugboro, isi oke nke onu).

E nwere ndị ọzọ e ji mara nke ọma jijiji na Filiks, dị ka njupụta, angular ugboro, na-adọ, ma ha na-eme mere ka ihe mgbagwoju okwu na-akọwa oscillations. Ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ bụ:

- n'ezie ọdịdị nke oscillatory usoro, ya bụ, nke kpọmkwem oscillations anyị na-atụle - mechanical, electromagnetic, cyclic ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ;

- ebe ebe usoro oscillatory dị - ikuku, mmiri ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ ọzọ. Ọnọdụ ndị a kachasị emetụta nsogbu nile nke usoro ahụ, gụnyere oge mgbanwe. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka cyclic, usoro nke usoro oge oscillations kpebiri na-agụnyekwa onye na - akọwapụta 2, nke na - akọwa ọdịdị nke oscillations okirikiri.

Ugboro ugboro nke oscillations bụ nke otu mpaghara nke aha ya bụ nnukwu physicist - Heinrich Hertz na - emechi: Hz. Dabere na usoro anyị tụlere, 1 Hz bụ uru dị ka oscillation zuru ezu, nke mere na otu nke abụọ. Nke a na-eji ọnụ ọgụgụ buru oke ibu nke na-agba anyị gburugburu ná ndụ kwa ụbọchị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ugboro ole anyị na-eri n'ụlọ bụ 50 Hz. Nke a pụtara na ntụgharị nke electrons na onye nduzi gbanwere ndu ya ugboro iri ise. A pụrụ ịkọkarị oge dị ka obere ihe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, oscillations nke akụkọ), na ụkpụrụ ndị ruru ọtụtụ ijeri oscillations kwa nkeji. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, bụ oge ndị na-egosi njikwa arụmọrụ na kọmputa nke oge a. Mgbe ahụ, a na-etinye ihe ndị ahụ na-atụghị anya iji gosipụta ịdị elu ndị ahụ, a na-atụkwasịkwara ha ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ: kilo (kHz, 1000), mega (MHz, 1,000,000), giga (gHz, 1,000,000,000), na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Uru nke oge oscillations na-egosi anyị bụ ụyọkọ metric kachasị njọ (oge, ma ọ bụrụ na m nwere ike ikwu ya), ya bụ, nchịkọta nọmba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmegharị zuru okè n'oge ụfọdụ.