Ọgwụ - ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na ... fungicidal. fungicide

Modern ubi ọrụ adịkarịghị ime na-enweghị ọlu-ubi-na-akụ pụrụ iche preparations - ọgwụ. The nkịtị translation nke okwu si Latin pụtara "igbu dịkwa ka usoro ha." Ma omume nke osisi nchedo budata gbasaa a echiche site na ijikọta bekee bụ na-egbu egbu bụghị naanị n'ihi na mushrooms, kamakwa ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe, na-alụ ọgụ megide ndị ọzọ pathogens nke kụrụ. Ọgwụ - a chemical ma ọ bụ ndu ngwaahịa, nke na-eji maka mgbochi, mgbochi ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa nke Horticultural ubi.

A obere akụkọ ihe mere eme

Dị iche iche na osisi ọrịa - ntụpọ, nchara, ire ere - a onye maara na ebe ọ bụ na ndị mmadụ mụtara otú na-eto eto ụfọdụ omenala. Ọbụna mgbe e nwere ndị nke mbụ na-atụ aro maka mkpa nchebe. Ọzọ BC Homer kwuru agha megide ọrịa nke osisi site fumigation na sọlfọ, na Democritus kwuru adiahade mgbochi na spraying ubi infusion nke osisi olive. Na mmalite nke a n'ọgbọ ọhụrụ, ndị mmadụ mụtara iji gbochie ọka ọrịa, Nrịrọ ha na mmanya ma ọ bụ edebe shredded fir akwụkwọ ndụ. Na Middle Ages mara na oge nke ọrịa na ụzọ maka ọgwụgwọ ha kọwawo na nkewa.

The itunanya wee na mmepe nke chemical ụlọ ọrụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike ọmụmụ na etiology nke ọtụtụ ọrịa na ndu e ji mara ha pathogens. Kasị ọgwụ ndị na-eji taa e synthesized na nso nso - na 20 nke narị afọ. Modern osisi nchedo ngwaahịa - otu-mpaghara ma ọ bụ Nchikota ọgwụ - nwere ike isi nweta ịrịba ọganihu, ma nsogbu ahụ akwụsịghị ruo mgbe ọrịa na kwesịrị mgbe nile mma nke teknụzụ, omume na ihe ọkụkụ nhazi ụlọ ọrụ.

Olee otú ọgwụ?

Ha ibibi spores ma ọ bụ mycelium nke dịkwa ka usoro ha na microorganisms, nke ime ka ọrịa dị iche iche. Ndị a na osisi nchedo ngwaahịa na-nkewa dị ka ọdịdị nke mmetụta, na ojiji nke ebumnobi, ọdịdị na selectivity nke ihe, dị ka nke ọma dị ka nkesa na osisi.

nhazi ọkwa nke ọgwụ

N'ihi na eziokwu na otu fungicide nwere a dị iche iche mmetụta na n'obodo dị iche iche, nhazi ọkwa bụ ukwuu ime. E wezụga na ojiji nke dị iche iche doses nke umi na ahaghị oge dịgasị ọtụtụ ebe. Otú ọ dị, ọgwụ ndị na-ekewa n'ime:

• Nchedo eji maka ọgwụgwọ nke ike osisi iji gbochie ọrịa.
• Therapeutic (n'ikpochapụ) ọgwụ ọjọọ, na ọgwụgwọ na a chọrọ mgbe ma osisi hụrụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa. N'ọrụ umi nke a fungicide-egbochi uto nke pathogenic okirikiri nke kpatara nsogbu, ihe na-eduga ná ọgwụgwọ omenala.
• Systemic ọgwụ - bụ kemịkal etinye obi gị dum site na osisi na-akpụ akpụ na ya vaskụla usoro ma na-echebe ndị ọhụrụ Ome etolitewo mgbe omume. Ndị a ọgwụ nwere a curative na prophylactic mmetụta.
• Kpọtụrụ ngwaahịa na-echebe naanị ndị na akụkụ nke osisi na nke ha na-abịa n'ime kọntaktị. Ndị dị otú ahụ ọgwụ ndị - ọ pụtara na-enwe naanị a na-echebe mmetụta, ha mgbe niile na mmetụta nke mmiri ozuzo.
• Mkpụrụ disinfectants - ọgwụ eji na presowing Nrịrọ osisi iji chebe n'ọdịnihu seedlings si ọrịa na pests na na ọgwụgwọ nke bulbs, tubers, corms na rhizomes nke osisi tupu akuku. Taa, e nwere ọgwụ ọjọọ dị ka a uche edinam - ma ọ bụ prophylactic megide ekwe omume ọrịa ma ọ bụ megide microbial pests - na mgbagwoju, na ijikọta ma ndị a ntụziaka.

Toxicity nke preparations na nke jikoro na ha ngwa precautionary

Ọgwụ - ọgwụ ndị na-egbu egbu na kwesịrị ijide n'aka nke feasibility nke ha were na n'ụlọ. Tupu iji ọgwụ a, ị kwesịrị ị mara nke ọma na Usoro maka ngwa nke ha na nchekwa. E nwere ihe ole na ole ofu iwu, mmejuputa nke a chọrọ iji zere nsi, nke bụ ike ịkpalite a fungicide. The Regulations weghaara bụla nkwadebe, na-enye:

• echekwara iche iche ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na ọgwụ na ngwaahịa na akọrọ, dị jụụ, ebe gbara ọchịchịrị na okpomọkụ agaghị elu karịa +35 Celsius C ma ọ bụghị ala karịa -10 ° C;
• hụ na-apụghị iru nke ụmụ na ụmụ anụmanụ;
• Nkwadebe nke na-arụ ọrụ ihe ngwọta na-emepụta glassware eji na kichin;
• ngwọta e ji ozugbo, ọ na-adịghị echekwara;
• mepụta ọgwụgwọ na-anọghị nke ụmụ na ụmụ anụmanụ;
• n'ihi na otú ọrụ iji kwadebe pụrụ iche uwe;
• n'oge na ime anaghị nri, ihe ọṅụṅụ, ma ọ bụ anwụrụ ọkụ;
• Mgbe usoro, asa ihu gị na aka;
• e ji ngwọta nkwadebe na-nkọwa nke sprayer rinsed na mmiri pọmpụ.

Dị Mkpa enyemaka maka nsi

Ọ bụrụ na anya na-emeso-eji ọgwụ ọjọọ na a hụrụ, ọ dị mkpa iji ozugbo ndị dị mkpa jikoro. Ọ bụrụ na ọgwụ mmadụ na mberede kụrụ n'ime, mkpa ka ị na-aṅụ 0,5 lita mmiri na eji vomiting. Mgbe na kọntaktị na akpụkpọ n'ọrụ umi, ọ na-asa n'okpuru na-agba ọsọ mmiri maka dịkarịa ala 10 nkeji. Dị nnọọ ize ndụ ingress nke ọgwụ n'ime akpa ume ma ọ bụ anya. N'ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ, anya e-asa na mmiri na a abụọ percent ngwọta nke hydrogen peroxide, na kuru obodo bekee outputted ka ikuku. N'agbanyeghị sụgharịrị mbụ enyemaka, ọ ga-n'ekpere na-ezo aka a ọgwụ, na-ewere nkwakọ labelụ nke ọgwụ na-eji.

Modern nchedo

The ojiji nke ọgwụ aghọwo a mkpa taa, otú ị ga maara kpọmkwem ihe ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe ike ga-eji mgbe ụfọdụ, na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ. Anyị depụta ihe ndị kasị oge a na ọgwụ ndị na-anya na ha ọrụ, uru na ọghọm.

"Fundazol": ntuziaka maka ojiji

"Fundazol" (powder) - systemic fungicide ọtụtụ ihe iji merie ọtụtụ ụdị nke fungal ọrịa. Adabara mgbochi na curative sprays n'okpuru iyi egwu nke fungal-efe efe. Eji dị ka a na mkpụrụ mgbakwasa tupu akuku. Ọ nwere a nta wetara ísì ụtọ. Hazard - 3. Active umi fundazol - benomyl, banye n'ime osisi site na mgbọrọgwụ ma ọ bụ keikuku akụkụ na-agbanwe n'ime carbendazim - umi-enwe magburu onwe fungicidal Njirimara. Ọtụtụ n'ime fundazol accumulates n'elu nke osisi, mgbe nta, penetrated n'ime dị ike ichebe ọbụna emekọ òkè nke ọgwụ.

Ụzọ iji "fundazol"

Fungicide, akpan akpan "fundazol" nwere ike rụrụ na ụzọ dị iche iche:

• ọnụ na ákwà mgbochi;
• spraying osisi n'oge na-eto eto oge;
• etching nkpuru tupu akuku.

"Fundazol" ntụziaka ntuziaka na-mmasị onye ọ bụla ngwugwu, na-etisasịwo ke ichekwa 1 g kwa 1 liter mmiri. Nke a na-arụ ọrụ ihe ngwọta. Iji ọ bụ omume na ọ dịghị ihe karịrị ugboro abụọ kwa oge.

Mkpụrụ ọgwụgwọ a na-atụ aro a ọnwa tupu akuku. Ọnụ na "fundazol" atọ dị mkpa na ihe omume nke mgbaàmà nke ọrịa osisi na spraying bụ mgbochi na-e tupu omume nke na-egbu mgbu mgbaàmà.

"Topaz": a fungicide dabeere penconazole

"Topaz" (emulsion uche), nakwa dị ka "fundazol", bụ a systemic fungicide ọgwụgwọ na prophylactic edinam n'ihi na ichebe osisi megide fungal ọrịa ndị dị ka powdery mildew, nchara, ebù, wdg "Topaz" -. Fungicide, odorless, moderately ize ndụ ndị mmadụ, anụmanụ na azụ, ma ọ bụghị na-egbu egbu na nnụnụ na ụmụ ahụhụ. Ọ na-nditịm ajuru aju nhazi osisi n'oge okooko. Hazard klas - 3.

Kasị dị irè "Topaz" maka nchedo nke nkume, mkpụrụ osisi, beri, akwukwo nri na ornamental kụrụ, na powdery mildew na grape na fungi na ndị ọzọ na-efe efe. Ekenịmde na otu nkeji nke 7-14 ụbọchị mgbochi agwọ ọrịa na-ebelata-efe efe mere site pathogens nke ọrịa dị iche iche na n'oge na-eto eto n'oge, na-egosi ndị kasị mma na-arụpụta.

Olee otú iji "Topaz"?

Normalize na fungicide oriri dabere na mmepe na-adọ na nke osisi na-emi odude, na n'ókè nke ya imejọ ya. Na-adịghị ike ngwọta na-eji mmalite nke na-eto eto oge ma ọ bụ na a ala na-efe efe ndabere; ọzọ dị ike - na okokụre mpempe akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ oge nke ọkpụrụkpụ lesion ọrịa. Mgbe ọgwụgwọ, ọgwụ omenala inokota pụta ọ bụ ihe amamihe na-eji kọntaktị ọgwụ. Ndị na-esonụ na-atụ aro na-mere na nke "Topaz" ntuziaka:

• maka mkpụrụ osisi na bushes (currants, gooseberries, peach, mkpụrụ vaịn) na akwụkwọ nri na strawberry ọdịnaya nke otu ampule nkwadebe bụ etisasịwo ke 10 lita mmiri;
• maka ifuru ubi (. Roses, carnations, asters, wdg) ihe ndọpụ ngwọta - otu ampoule gị n'ụlọnga etisasịwo ke 5 l nke mmiri.

"Topaz" - fungicide onye price bụ ala, na uru nke ya kwesịrị ekwesị ngwa bara oké uru. Spraying ga-eme na jụụ, akọrọ ihu igwe, uniformly n'imeso ofụri elu nke osisi. The ngwọta na-kwadebere ozugbo tupu ọrụ. Ndị na-esonụ nhazi ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa dị, rụrụ mgbe 10-14 ụbọchị, mgbe ndị nche oge gafeworonụ.

Fungicide "Horus"

Iji chebe na nkume mkpụrụ osisi, osisi vaịn na osisi strawberry site akpụkpa, powdery mildew na moniliosis etinyere fungicide "Chorus" mepụtara na ndabere nke cyprodinil na atara ke ụdị mmiri-soluble nsogbu dị iche iche. "Chorus" - a fungicide, e ji mee ihe nke ọma mbuso cherry akwukwo ntụpọ, na klyasterosporiozom monilial mkpụrụ ire ere na piom na udara na a mkpụrụ ire ere ma na akpụkpa na apụl na pears.

Nhazi "Horus" na-emepụta site spraying, nke mbụ nke nke a rụrụ tupu okooko, nke abụọ - n'oge na-eto eto oge, ma ọ bụghị mgbe e mesịrị ka 2 izu tupu owuwe ihe ubi. Ọ dị mma na-eji a abụọ ọgwụgwọ mgbe 2 izu mgbe adịkwaghị omenala. The na-arụ ọrụ ihe ngwọta na-akwadebe na-esonụ otosịrị iru: 10 l nke mmiri na-etisasịwo 3 c. ọgwụ. The nkezi eruba kwa osisi n'aka bụ site 2 to 5 lita nke ihe ngwọta ndị dabeere na osisi na umu na akụkụ nke sprayer.

"Chorus" - fungicide ngwa onye mma bụ na ọ na-egosi ndị kasị elu arụmọrụ na ala okpomọkụ (3-10 ° C), nke bụ ihe uru nke a nkwadebe, ebe ọ bụ na ọ ga-eji ihe ịga nke ọma ná mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi mgbe, n'ozuzu, e nwere otu ọrịa na Horticultural ubi moniliosis. Growers ahụmahụ na-atụ aro na-emeso osisi na-amụba okpomọkụ n'elu 22 Celsius C. Echebe oge dịruru 7-10 ụbọchị mgbe ọgwụgwọ. Ọzọ uru nke eji "Horus" bụ na ya elu ọgwụgwọ mmetụta na ihe ugbua oria osisi.

Usoro ojiji nke fungicide "Horus"

N'ihi na dị iche iche na osisi arụ ọrụ ngwọta ịta dịgasị. N'ihi na apple na ube nhazi-achọ a ngwọta kwadebere si 2 g nke ego na 10 lita mmiri. Spraying nkume mkpụrụ n'ụzọ dị irè a ngwọta nke 3 g kwa 10 lita mmiri. Ịta nke ihe ngwọta maka ọgwụgwọ nke strawberry Sotk 1 - 6 g kwa 5 lita mmiri.

Ọgwụ maka mkpụrụ vaịn, akpan akpan, "Chorus" kwadebere otu n'ike-n'ike dị ka maka strawberry - 6 g nke ihe onwunwe kwa 10 lita mmiri. The kacha ekwe omume ọnụ ọgụgụ nke agwọ ọrịa kwa oge maka strawberry bụ 2, nkume mkpụrụ (plums iche) na grape - 3; pome mkpụrụ osisi na plums - 4 ugboro.

Bịara n'Ezi Oge na eru nhazi nke ubi na-enyere Gardeners na na ọcha nke suburban ebe nke pathogens nke dị iche iche na-efe efe na-amụba akuku àgwà na ike mkpụrụ.