Ọkụ akara protocol X10. Protocol X10: uru na ọghọm. "Smart House"

IT-ọkachamara na-ekwu na ahịa bụ "smart" ụlọ na Russia ga ọlị ịghọ na-ewu ewu na-esote afọ iri bụ eleghi anya na-agabigaghị okomoko ụlọ na Moscow mpaghara. N'ọdịnihu, na o kwere omume n'ji ahịa ga-a negligible nke ndị bi na kasị elu ego na mpaghara, ma n'ihi na ìgwè mmadụ "smart home" ga-anọgide na a yi picture na peeji nke tabloids na internet ego. Ọ bụ eziokwu? Ugbua, nkezi amaala ụlọ akụrụngwa a kama mgbagwoju Nchikota dị iche iche engineering usoro. Ikpokọta ha n'ime otu zuru ụwa ọnụ na netwọk na-enweghị na-eri na-enyere ọkọlọtọ X10.

Ekwe omume nke "smart ụlọ"

The kasị nkịtị na mfe ọrụ - akara nke ọkụ. Ọgụgụ isi usoro-enye gị ohere remotely ịchịkwa ọ bụla ìhè eletrik. Enweghị na-ebili, ị nwere ike gbanye ma ọ bụ gbanyụọ ọkụ na ọ bụla n'ime ụlọ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ahụ dum ozugbo, kpatụ ìhè n'abalị ìhè nke paseji, odida obodo ọkụ. "Smart House", gụnyere ìhè dị iche iche ebe na a akpan akpan algọridim, igbochi intruders site simulating ọnụnọ nke ndị nwe na ihe omume nke ọpụpụ ha.

Automatic akara nke okpomọkụ parameters nyere nkwado na a ụlọ site ịchịkwa a okpomọkụ ahụ ma ọ bụ ntụ oyi na ventilashion. Intelligent home nwere ike ịchịkwa ọkụ na-alụ ọgụ na ngwá na, na ọnọdụ mberede, na-eziga a mara na onye nwe ma ọ bụ na mkpa ekwentị owuwu olu ma ọ bụ SMS-ozi.

Olee otú ọ na niile malitere

X10 - otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-emeghe ụlọ ọrụ ụkpụrụ, mere maka home akpaaka usoro site Pico Electronics (Scotland Glenrothes) na 1975. Ná mmalite nke ụlọ ọrụ na-aku imewe na imewe nke na sekit na sekit na Calculators. The ahụmahụ mbụ nke ịgbasa okirikiri nke mmepụta ghọọ nnọọ ihe ịga nke ọma na azụmahịa okwu. X10 ikpo okwu ngwa ngwa nweela ewu ewu n'etiti Mmepe nke smart home echiche ma nye ịrịba kwalite mmepe nke ọrụ a. Mbọ ike a yiri interface na-eme site na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ma ọ bụghị ihe ịga nke ọma nwetara.

N'ihi ya oge, ndị X10 - protocol ezi mkpọtụ ọgụ. Mee ka ewu ewu na nke ikwu cheapness nke ngwá, mmepe-elekwasị anya na home akpaaka, mmezi na oru nkwado. Na North America ọkọlọtọ ta ina na-ekesa. Ịgbaso ụlọ ọrụ-Mmepụta nke a dịgasị iche iche nke ndị X10-Dabara ngwaọrụ malitere amị ibu, IBM na Philips.

Ụbọchị ndị a Pico Electronics ụlọ ọrụ ghọọ X10 INC (USA) edenyere Powerhouse.

ngwá nhazi ọkwa

Hardware X10 netwọk bụ a collection of ngwaọrụ interconnected site a ọkọlọtọ ike ọkọnọ ma ọ bụ a ọwa redio. The isi usoro na-mgbe gụnyere:

• Transmitters - controllers site na-eziga iwu, akara modul (na kọmputa interface ma ọ bụ kwụrụ-naanị), programmable Ngụọge dị iche iche na oge àmà, na n'ime ime obodo njikwa (infrared ma ọ bụ na redio).
• Receivers - actuators arụ ọrụ na natara iwu: oriọna modul ma ọ bụ katrij dimmers, dimmer na nwaanyị blocks, na ụdị nile nke draịva.

N'ihe banyere ndị na-ewu a ibu netwọk ma ọ bụ mụbaa otu dị ugboro ugboro ji ngwa:

• Transceivers, na-anata iwu n'ókè site remotes na n'ihu mgbanwe n'ime X10 nkwukọrịta protocol tupu izipu ya okporo.
• Repeaters na mgbaàmà amplifiers.
• Nzacha na belata mmetụta nke akpa nnyonye okike.
• Interfacial àkwà mmiri, grids maka 380 (n'ezinụlọ ma ọ bụ ike, n'ihi na ụlọ, ebe n'elu 300 m ^2).
• Atụ ngwaọrụ, mfe echichi na Jizọs na-ezipụ, sensọ (ngagharị, luminance, na na. D.).

Equipment arụpụtara site dị iche iche na ụlọ ọrụ, na-enwekarị a yiri anya, arụmọrụ, na ọbụna markings. Na ngwaọrụ ndị dị na nsụgharị dị iche iche dabere na chọrọ maka pụrụ isi chọta; maka echichi na akara, DIN-okporo ígwè arịọnụ na ọkọlọtọ cabinets, micromodules maka raspredkorobok iwepụ.
Akpaaka nke ndụ kwa ụbọchị nwere ike na-amalite na a ole na ole isi modul, na mgbe ahụ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba ọnụ ọgụgụ na mụbaa arụmọrụ site na-agbakwụnye ọhụrụ ngwaike nkeji.

Ihe Nlereanya nke mmewere isi

The ndabere maka ahụkarị X10 modul bụ a programmable microcontroller. Dị ka a akpan akpan algọridim ya akara ọrụ electronic circuit ngwaọrụ kpọbata na ya ọsọ ọsọ na site n'ókè natara site mpụga ike ọkọnọ na-atọghata ndị mmepụta pulses maka reverse nnyefe na netwọk. The microcomputer ike ga-eji dị ka controllers uka mmepụta (e.g., eserese ma ọ bụ AVR ụlọ ọrụ microchip na Atmel, karị).

Ọkụ na-achịkwa echiche nke "nwere ọgụgụ isi" ụlọ bụ ọtụtụ ebe ada oriọna agba anọ modul X10. E nwere ihe abụọ na nsụgharị: a ot nkwụnye na anya maka ejikọta n'ala oriọna, Oche oriọna (LM12) ma ọ bụ dị ka ihe nkwụnye ọkụ n'etiti njide na ìhè oriọna na a ọkọlọtọ E27 isi, ruo 100 watts (LM15S).

ezinụlọ eletriki ngwa ejikwara iji rosette ngwá modul. Ka ihe atụ, AM12 modul yiri a tube, ma anaghị akwado na iwu nke na-na-kpọmkwem ka ìhè (ihe a n'okpuru).

software

X10 protocol mejuputa a programmụ kọmputa aka n'elu-larịị na ngwaahịa.

ActiveHome Software - Free software maka kọmputa dabeere Windows arụ ọrụ usoro si X10 ikpo okwu mmepe ụlọ ọrụ. The ngwugwu na-agụnye a na nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ ngwá ọrụ na ngwaọrụ ọkwọ ụgbọala, dị ka nke ọma dị ka a mobile version.

ActiveHomePro - software maka kọmputa interface SM-15 (radio transceiver, 433 MHz) na a USB njikọ. Ọ enye gị ohere ịchịkwa ọkụ na ngwa na ọrụ chọrọ algọridim, grafụ na Ngụọge si a onye na kọmputa ma ọ bụ kwụrụ-naanị na a wireless n'ime ime obodo.

X10 Ọchịagha (Melloware Inc) - na-emeghe iyi software n'okpuru ọ bụla sistemụ na-enye gị ohere ike a PC dabeere multi-ọrụ management na mwekota nke X10 protocol na ekwentị na ọ bụla mobile ngwaọrụ (iOS / A gam akporo).

Russian ụlọ ọrụ "Laboratory home teknụzụ" awade na-eji ọkụ a adaba ngwaọrụ n'elu ikpo okwu X10 - a zuru-agba aka panel VGA-XTS-36. Onwe ẹdude unit nwere a ọrụ na onye-enyi na enyi onyeōzi interface. X10 protocol management na ịchịkwa nwere ọgụgụ isi ọkụ usoro na-anọgide ala, na magburu onwe anya, ma gharazie ịdị mkpa maka mgbe nile na-arụ ọrụ na kọmputa na ndabere. Na-na-ọnọ ọkwọ ụgbọala na software maka prescribing agwa okwu X10 ngwaọrụ na isi kwa nke mbụ nhazi, na-emepụta a dịgasị iche iche nke ndapụta.

X10. Protocol nkọwa

Physical data mgbanwe usoro na ike eletriki wires bụ a nnyefe / n'ikuku iberibe sinusoidal elu ugboro oscillation (120 kHz) ihe njupụta nke 5V na 1 MS / 630 MS na bụla ọkara okirikiri nke mains voltaji, na windo kpụrụ ozugbo efu ịgafe. The atọ na-adọ na sekit na sekit yiri windo guzobere ọ bụla na-adọ, ie. E. With a mgbanwe nke 60 degrees na a n'ihu ngwa nke interphase àkwà mmiri. Ọ bụrụ na ngwaọrụ bụ na-enweta window ọkọkpọhi ngwugwu, nke ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ 48 oscillations, na-emeso ya dị ka a mgbagha "onye" na ikpe nke azụ - ka a ezi uche "efu". Nyefee data bit enyene abụọ na ọkara-efegharị efegharị voltaji. Ebe nke abụọ na agbasa ozi n'ikuku inverse uru, nke ọ bụghị nanị mma mkpọtụ ọgụ, ma na-eje ozi ka a mata mmekọrịta koodu mgbe hà nnyefe.

X10 - a protocol ọkọlọtọ na nke a otu hà (etiti site etiti) na-ebute site ná maka 11 oge. O nwere:

• Ngakọrịta Usoro - 2 ibe n'ibe
• modul koodu - 4 ibe n'ibe,
• ụlọ koodu - 5 ibe n'ibe.

Onye ọ bụla ngwugwu, enweghị ihe ọ bụla nkeji, ugboro abụọ na a n'usoro na-ebute site ná. Tupu akpọsa ọzọ ogbe lee, a kwusi na 3 oge nke mains voltaji (isịneke - dimming ihie iwu Site n'ibu a na-aga n'ihu iyi).

Iye management consoles na-arụ ọrụ na netwọk X10 X10-Iye protocol na a ụgbọelu ugboro ole nke 40 kHz. The ọwa redio (X10-RF Protocol), dabere na mpaghara, àmà site 310 na 434 MHz.

Na-agwa okwu na usoro iwu

Karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke modul ke netwọk X10 - 256. Abụọ selector switches na-emi odude ọ bụla modul 16 ofu ọnọdụ. The mbụ mgba ọkụ - code n'ụlọ (Home koodu) a na-eji họrọ a Atiya ma ọ bụ ìgwè nke ngwaọrụ. Ọ lettering ndokwa A na R. Na nke abụọ ofu ọnọdụ na-denoted site nọmba site 1 16 na ebe a kpọmkwem modul na netwọk (Unit koodu). N'ihi ya, ọ bụla na ngwaọrụ na-kenyere a pụrụ iche nọmba esịnede akwụkwọ ozi na nọmba. Dị ka ihe atụ; A5, M14 na na. D. The controllers nke usoro, dị ka megide na-egbu nkeji, dị ka a na-achị, anaghị achọ ukpụhọde nke na-agwa okwu.

Echiche nke otu dị na iwu n'elu ikpo okwu na kwekọrọ ekwekọ omume nwere ike enwetara site na tebụl.

Isi uru nke ...

X10 - protocol bụ a ala-mmefu ego na klas n'ụlọ akpaaka, a na-eji nyefee ozi na iwu ozi ẹdude mains. Ọ eliminates mkpa ebikwasị ọhụrụ nkwukọrịta, nke dị mkpa karịsịa n'ebe obibi na a mma n'isi ma ọ bụ okokụre renovations. Ọ bụ omume na-eji na netwọk wiring, na iji redio - nso nke akụrụngwa awa site Nsukka, na-enye ohere maka ma nhọrọ, ma ọ bụ a Nchikota-ya nile. The na-eri nke ngwaọrụ, tụnyere ihe oge a nyiwe bụkwa ezigbo ụtọ.

Ndị na-esonụ uru - mgbanwe ojiji na udo nke echichi ka a dịghị pụrụ iche usọ. The usoro e ji magburu onwe extensibility na scalability. Modul na-ejikọrọ na iji nkwụnye & Power ụkpụrụ (gụnyere njikwa). The dum Mbido bụ ka a ọhụrụ akụrụngwa nke pụrụ iche na adreesị. Ọzọkwa akpaaka ga-eme ihe niile ya onwe ya.

Ukwuu mfe nkewa nkebi nke ọkụ akụrụngwa. Ọ suffices ekenye ngwaọrụ nke otu ìgwè nke yiri akwụkwọ ozi (ụlọ koodu), na mgbe n'itinye kwekọrọ ekwekọ na agbasa ozi n'ikuku iwu ga-Switched ma ọ bụ gbanyụọ ìhè na mpaghara a.

Open protocol - ọzọ plus n'elu ikpo okwu, ikwe maka mfe mwekota na ihe ọ bụla na-achịkwa usoro, na ojiji nke imewe nke netwọk wiring ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ Nsukka.

... na ọghọm

Ndị isi uru nke X10 interface - nyefe nke data n'elu ike wiring - bụ isi kpatara nsogbu ya.

Low ọsọ. iwu nyefe-ewe ihe a nke abụọ, otú ahụ. e. oge iwu n'ezie palpable ọbụna management nke a otu ngwaọrụ. Na na usoro nke na-arụ ọrụ ndị na-mortgaged dịruru ná njọ, a na-egbu oge nwere ike ịghọ annoyingly adịghị anakwere. Ebe ọ bụ na ozi ọnụego na-kegide na ọkọnọ voltaji ugboro, ịkpọlite ya agaghị ekwe omume.

Low ọgụ. Ụba nke home ngwa nke oge a home dị ịrịba ama enwekwu larịị nke na nnyonye anya na ike netwọk nwere a na-adịghị mma mmetụta na mgbaàmà / mkpọtụ ruru, nke n'aka nke na-emetụta àgwà nke ozi mgbanwe n'etiti modul X10. N'ihi ya, ndị na-esi - ọdịda ime na ntụziaka ma ọ bụ ụgha ịmafe. N'oge na-ewu nke a nnukwu network nsogbu nwere ike ịbụ adịghị ike nke adreesị ubi, dị ka jikọọ X10 protocol ga enwe ike ilele naanị 256 ngwaọrụ.

Dissynchronization nnyefe ngwá pụrụ iduga imposition nke a ngwugwu, na ntoputa nke esemokwu, dị ka a N'ihi ya, onye ọ bụla nke ìgwè gaghị rụrụ. i nwere ike dozie ọnọdụ n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama.

Adịghị enye ohere akara usoro, e nweghị nchedo n'enweghị ikike omume nke ndị ọzọ. N'ikpeazụ, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ike mgbagwoju na sekit na sekit ngwa na ọkụ akara na mmejuputa onwe-achọpụta ọrịa ọrụ nke usoro na constituent nkeji.

mgbanwe X10

Ndị a drawbacks na-n'ụzọ dị ukwuu gbazie na ọgbọ ọzọ n'ụlọ akpaaka usoro, a na-akpọ ụgbọ ala ije (na-agba ama na-adị na a raara onwe ya nye / n'ezigbo ụgbọ ala a ala voltaji ọkọnọ voltaji).

N'aka nke ya, mmepe na-emepụta nke X10 ngwá ọrụ na-eme ihe iji melite ma gbanwee ẹdude n'elu ikpo okwu. The pụta bụ a format X10Extended na ogologo ntụziaka set. The undoubted uru nke n'elu ikpo okwu na-gbanwetụrụ ụkpụrụ transmitters usoro ohere ka okporo ụzọ, eliminates esemokwu na ịgbasa ọrụ nke otu Exteded Code 1 na a mgbanwe hà format.

Ọzọkwa mgbanwe mere ka e X10Extended A10 format na nke n'ụzọ akp address ubi (4096 nkeji) na kwukwara ozi ụfọdụ ọrụ (dị naanị na ngwaọrụ arụpụtara site Mmepụta). A10 na X10 ogbugba ndu bụ kpamkpam dakọtara, na-eme ka o kwe omume na-arụ ọrụ na otu usoro ma ụdị nke modul.

N'ịchịkọta a nkenke nchịkọta, o siri ike na-na-ekweta na nke mbụ n'ụlọ akpaaka interface na n'oge gara aga, ihe fọrọ nke nta afọ iri ise ochie. Mgbalị ime nke ugbua yiri patching n'elu ụlọ n'oge ezo oge, ka radically imeziwanye ọnọdụ na-enweghị ike. Ma mmefu e ji mara nke n'elu ikpo okwu na-aga n'ihu na-edebe ya na ahịa nke nwere ọgụgụ isi usoro na ngwá X10 ifịk ifịk na-emepụta na-ere.

Domestic sịrị ịkọ a ọhụrụ ife nke ewu ewu interface. Imu na-awa a dịgasị iche iche nke ma onye ngwaọrụ nakwa dị ka turnkey ngwọta maka "smart" obibi n'elu ikpo okwu X10.