Potassium chlorate

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụ a umi na-akpọ potassium chlorate nnu, a mmiri ọgwụ site na aha France - Berthollet, onye meghere potassium chlorate, nke usoro nke na-dere dị ka KClO3. Berthollet na ha nwere na-anata ihe site n'oru nke chlorine na alkaline ngwọta na elu okpomọkụ n'oge mmeghachi omume. Dị ka a N'ihi nke a mmeghachi omume e nwetara potassium chloride, potassium chlorate na atọ mmiri ụmụ irighiri. Ọ bụrụ na anyị nyochaa usoro nke umi, ga-akwụ ụgwọ uche na ihe bertoletova nnu nnọọ ọgaranya oxygen.

Hibere bertoletova nnu bụ a colorless kristal nke nwere a njupụta nke 2,32 grams kwa cubic sentimita na okpomọkụ 356oS amalite ịlọ na 400 ° C - amalite irekasị. The solubility nke umi bụ 3.25 grams kwa narị grams nke otu okenye ihe ngwọta na okpomọkụ nke 0 Celsius C. Na-amụba okpomọkụ na solubility nke potassium chlorate abawanye dị ka mma.

Na zuru ezu kpo oku okpomọkụ ya dị mfe "lawara" oxygen atọm na ike ga-egosipụta ihe dị otú ahụ akụkụ: 2KClO3 = 2KCl + 3O2.

A, maka potassium chlorate na-meghachi omume, na nke chlorine gas na-ebugharị n'okpuru amanye ikuku site na a elu okpomọkụ ngwọta nke potassium - hydroxide ma ọ bụ carbonate.

N'oge mmeghachi omume na hydroxides, chlorine iyi na-eduzi site a 30% potassium hydroxide solution, na mgbe na-eji dị ka a nyo carbonates dị otú ahụ lekwasị ka a larịị nke 45% potassium carbonate ngwọta.

Ọ dị mkpa na n'oge a na ime ihe dapụtara kristal bekee adịghị clog gas-ebu ụzọ kwesịrị ya mere enye ojiji n'oge alonzha mmeghachi omume.

Mgbe ahụ, potassium chlorate, nwetara n'ụdị kristal ga-ẹdụk site iko ajị na mịrị amị nke ọma. Ọ ga-ezere na ojiji nke nyo technology akwụkwọ ihe n'ihi bertoletova nnu nwere ike na-eme na eriri ẹdude ke akwụkwọ, na ihe mgbawa.

E nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ site na nke i nwere ike inwe potassium chlorate nnu. Anyị na-akọwa ụfọdụ n'ime ha.

Flag karama Wurtz 5-10 grams permanganate, na mgbe ahụ iji a foneelu nke mbụ dị mkpa itinye a karama na ngwọta, a malitere ịkụ banyere 30-70 millimeters nke ndọpụ hydrochloric acid. Mma n'ozuzu eme ntapu, n'ihi na n'ụzọ dị otú a n'ụzọ dị irè karị usoro ọnụego nke guzobere chlorine n'oge mmeghachi omume.

Nweta potassium chlorate site electrolysis na pụrụ ime. N'ihi nke a a itinye ihe ngwọta nke nkịtị nnu akadiahade eletrik. Nke a mmeghachi omume a rụrụ dị ka ndị a. Ọ na-ewe otu ego nke nnu, nke kacha mma na-abụghị iodized na ntụ. Àgwà nke akụrụngwa na-eji abụọ electrodes nke graphite, iko, eletriki wires, a beaker, a enweghi ike karama Wurtz. Wires jikọọ na nzọụkwụ-ala transformer via a rectifier na-atọghata AC ka DC. Electrolysis E duziri na a ngwọta okpomọkụ nke 70 - 80 degrees.

The mmeghachi omume Nleta potassium chloride, nke bụ ihe ndị ọzọ soluble na mmiri karịa bertoletova nnu. Ya mere, mgbe na N'ezie nke mmeghachi omume, potassium chlorate edebe na mgbidi nke arịa na ndị potassium chloride na-etisasịwo na mmiri.

Mgbe n'ịrụ dị iche iche nwere na Jeremaya mere na umi mkpa iji ntị ka eziokwu na mixtures, karịsịa na organic ihe - nnọọ na-agbawa agbawa, nakwa dị ka "mwute" ime nile di iche iche nke punches, n'ebe okpomọkụ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ike na bekee nke na-eme na chlorate nnu gụnyere sọlfọ, antimony, mbụ carbon nwa, red site, ọbụna sugar na starch.

A ihe ize ndụ bụ potassium perchlorate - Potassium Perchlorate. Nke a compound nwere a dị ike na-agbawa agbawa, ka a na-eji dị ka a "na-arụ ọrụ na-ajụ" na grenade, projectiles na mines. Mgbe ogologo oge nchekwa oge, a compound nwere ike spontaneously edita.