Potassium iodide

potassium iodide (Eze) bụ a nnu nke hydriodic acid. Anya na ọ bụ a siri ike colorless crystalline umi na a cube ekara kristal. Potassium iodide ikuku site kpo oku ma ọ bụ site n'ebe ìhè yellowing ruru ka oxygen ọxịdashọn nke ayodiin ion na elemental ayodiin. Na-amụba okpomọkụ na solubility nke nnu na mmiri na-abawanye. Na 100 g nke mmiri na-etisasịwo 128 g nke nnu na 0 Celsius C, 145 g na 20 ° C, 176 g na 60 ° C, 209 g na 100 Celsius C. The ezengwenri uka nke onyinye nke 166,00277 g / mol. The Refractive index bụ 1,667. Njupụta 3,13 g / cm³. Agbaze ebe 686 Celsius C. The esi n'ókè nke 1330 Celsius C. Potassium Iodide obere hygroscopic (amịkọrọ mmiri ngwa ngwa obere) karịa na sodium iodide, n'ihi ya, ọ na-adị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ.

Potassium iodide bụ a nwayọọ na mbenata gị n'ụlọnga, ọ na-adị mfe oxidized site chlorine: 2KI + Cl2 → 2KCl + I2. Ọ na-emeghachi omume na ayodiin, si otú akpụ Lugol ngwọta: Eze + I2 → KI3. The potassium nnu nke hydriodic acid nwere ike kwadebere site mmeghachi omume nke ayodiin na potassium hydroxide 6KOH + 3I2 = 5KI + KIO3 + 3H2O Mbelata ma ọ bụ potassium iodate carbon 2KIO3 + 3C = 2KI + 3CO2. The odo agba nke nnu emebiela egosi na ọxịdashọn nke iodide na ayodiin dị ka mmeghachi omume akụkụ: 4KI + 2CO2 + O2 → 2K2CO3 + 2I2.

Na ọdịdị, ayodiin nọ ebe niile, ma ọ bụ a obere mmewere, ebe ọ bụ na ya ọdịnaya niile eke na isi mmalite bụ negligible. Dị ka ndị ọzọ halogens, ji a elu reactivity, a na-achọta na-ejikarị n'ụdị ogige, ya bụ, iodides nke alkali ọla sodium na potassium, ma (n'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ halogen) nakwa n'ụdị iodates, etisasịwo na mmiri. Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị mgbe ọ dị adị dị ka a nitrogen iodide (IN3), ebe ọ bụ na-ejighị n'aka na ngwa ngwa rụrụ arụ na a gbawara njikọ. Na oké osimiri mmiri ma ọ bụ site na ala na isi mmalite iodides na iodates nwere ihe dị hà ichekwa. Ebe ọ bụ na potassium iodide bụ soluble na mmiri, ayodiin ion nọ na oké osimiri, mmiri algae na mmiri na azu. Erimeri bụ isi iyi nke mmadụ oriri nke ayodiin, dị ka ha nwere ọtụtụ ugboro ọzọ ayodiin ogige karịa ndụ bi n'ala. A isi akụrụngwa maka ulo oru na mmepụta nke ayodiin bụ mmiri-egwu ma ọ bụ na ụdị ụfọdụ nke algae.

Potassium iodide dị na-egwu mmiri na-eji na ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ayodiin: Eze + Cl2 → KCl2 + I2. Ọzọkwa, ọ na ọtụtụ-eji dị ka isi iyi nke iodide ion. Na gbasara nyocha onwu, potassium iodide na-eji maka redox iodometric titration. Akwụkwọ, wetted na a ngwọta nke nnu na starch, na-enyere chọpụta qualitatively ọnụnọ nke chlorine, ozone ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ oxidants, na ọnụnọ nke ayodiin nke a na-ekenyela njikọ na starch ntekwasa na akwụkwọ amama acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ọ na-eji dị ka a nri mmako na nri anụmanụ na ụmụ mmadụ nri, obere obere, jupụtara ejupụta maka mmepe nke mgbochi (abawanye thyroid gland) ọrịa, nke na-emekarị hụrụ na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ala ebe ruru eke erughi nke ayodiin, potassium iodide, tinyere potassium iodate, na-agbakwunyere nkịtị nnu. The na-enweta nri ngwaahịa a na-akpọ iodized nnu. The akwụkwọ ikike nchekwa oge nke ndị dị otú ahụ a nnu na-ejedebeghị, n'ihi na oge na-aga, n'okpuru nduzi nke ngafe nke oxygen na carbon dioxide, Eze nwayọọ nwayọọ oxidized na metal carbonate na elemental ayodiin, nke na-ahụ Takọọ.

Na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, potassium iodide eji dị ka agwọ ọrịa. Potassium iodide dị na iche iche onunu ogwu iche: mbadamba, onu solution, film ntekwasa mbadamba, anya tụlee, chewable mbadamba. Ọgwụ chefuo ayodiin mpe ke idem, nwere antithyroid (thyroid inhibit biosynthesis nke homonụ), mucolytic (gasị akpa ume sputum na ikwado ya mmepụta), expectorant, mgbochi fungal, na-adọrọ, radioprotective (echebe thyroid radieshon na-egbochi absorption nke ya radioiodine ) mmetụta. WHO aro onunu ogwu bụrụ na nke mberede metụtara redioaktivu ayodiin na-adabere na afọ na bụ:

• n'ihi na ndị mmadụ n'elu 12 afọ - 130 mg kwa ụbọchị;
• si 3 afọ 12. - 65 mg kwa ụbọchị;
• agadi 1 36 ọnwa - 32 mg kwa ụbọchị;
• ụmụ n'okpuru afọ 1 ọnwa - 16 mg kwa ụbọchị.

WHO anaghị nwere ike ikwu maka mgbochi nke potassium iodide ndị okenye karịa afọ 40.