Yegor Gaidar. Biography, ọrụ. Family Russian ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị

Taa, ọtụtụ kụja icheta etikwasị 90-s, mgbe ọtụtụ nde mmadụ na-amanye na-enweta isi ike nile nke mgbanwe site socialism ka ikeketeorie. Otu n'ime ndị isi na ọnụ ọgụgụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị idaha n'oge ahụ Yegor Gaidar. Ọ bụ ezie na ebe ọ bụ na ọnwụ nke iwu gafere 5 afọ, ka tensi arụmụka banyere akụ na ụba mgbanwe eme site na mepụtara ha plan.

Yegor Gaidar: biography, mba nke nne na nna

Aha iwu na mbụ USSR mara bụla schoolboy, dị ka ọtụtụ nde Soviet ụmụ zụlitere ihe nlereanya nke ndị dike nke akwụkwọ ndị e dere site na nna nna ya - Arkadiem Golikovym. N'oge Civil War na ọ lụrụ ọgụ n'ohu ahụ Red Army, na mgbe na-eje ozi na Khakassia o nwere aha otutu Gaidar. Mgbe e mesịrị, onye dere were ya dị ka a aha nna, bụ nke a na ebe nwa-ya n'aka ya nke abụọ na nwunye na Liey Lazarevnoy Solomyanskoy - Timur, na mgbe ahụ ka nwa nwa ya. N'ihi ya, nna Egora Gaydara bụ a Russian naanị na nna-ya, ma nwere ndị Juu mgbọrọgwụ nke nne.

Timur Abramovich mụrụ n'afọ 1926 na raara ndụ ya na Soviet Navy, na-ebili ahụ n'usoro nke N'azụ Admiral. Parallel a, o nwetara a abụọ ogo na ngalaba nke Journalism WPA ha. Lenin, na mgbe o agha ọrụ, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka a mmekorita nke akwụkwọ akụkọ "Pravda" ná mba ọzọ. Na 1955, ọ lụrụ nwa-nwayi nke ama Russian dere Bazhov - Ariadne Pavlovna, na 1956 ha nwere nwa - Yegor Gaidar, biography, mba na onye na-eme na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị arena na-kọwara n'okpuru ebe a.

nwata

Egor Timurovich Gaydar (biography, mba nke nne na nna ya na ị na ama mara) A mụrụ Moscow. Dị ka e kwuru, ọ bụ ya bụ nwa nwa nke abụọ a maara nke ọma dere. N'ihe gbasara mba iwu, o weere onwe ya Russian.

Na nwata Yegor bụ na Cuba, ebe dị ka a mmekorita nke akwụkwọ akụkọ "Pravda", e zitere site na nna-ya. N'ebe ahụ, ọ zutere Fidel Castro na Che Guevara, bụ onye letara ụlọ ebe ndị ezinụlọ ya biri Egora Gaydara.

Na 1966, nwa okoro a kpọgara Yugoslavia, ebe ọ ghọọ ndị maara akwụkwọ, nke na-iwu na Soviet Union, nakwa dị ka chọpụtara ezi, undistorted echiche nke Marx na Engels akụ na ụba na-arụ ọrụ.

Na 1971, ezinụlọ laghachi isi obodo, na Yegor Gaidar malitere ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ nọmba 152, nke a na 2 afọ gasịrị, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na a nrite ọlaedo. Banyere akụ na ụba ngalaba nke Moscow State University, nwa okorobịa ahụ malitere ịmụrụ atụmatụ okwu na ụlọ ọrụ, na mgbe na-anata a red ubre nọgidere na-amụtakwu ihe ọmụma ha na akwụkwọ.

Ọrụ na-eme nnyocha na-eme na mgbe predperestroechny

Na 1980, Gaydar Egor Timurovich gbachiteere ya PhD tesis na usoro nke onwe-ego, o sonyeere ndị Communist Party, nke nọgidere ruo August 1991 kuu afọ na natara a na-ekesa na Scientific Research Institute maka System Studies.

N'ebe ahụ, ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na ndị otu na-eto eto ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, edu maara nke ọma Soviet Economist Stanislav Shatalin. N'oge na-adịghị Gaidar na ibe ya na-a comparative analysis nke aku na uba mgbanwe dị mba nke socialist mara ụlọikwuu, kpụrụ a ikwere na ọ dị mkpa ka isi mgbanwe na USSR.

Na n'otu oge ahụ, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị zutere Anatoliem Chubaysom, na gburugburu ha kpụrụ a gburugburu nke dị ka otu obi, na n'otu ọchịchọ maka mgbanwe aku nọ.

N'afọ 1986, Yegor Gaidar na otu n'okpuru idu ndú nke Shatalina a kpọfere Institute of Economics nke Academy nke Sciences nke USSR, na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ka a N'ihi nke iwu nke glasnost, Gorbachev kwuru, ọ bụ ike-atụle ihe iseokwu metụtara nkwadebe maka ntughari ka ahịa mmekọahụ.

na oru ndi ọrụ

Gaidar liberalizing echiche nke aku na uba ike ịnọgide na-amaghị ka ọha na eze, ma ọ bụrụ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ekweghị na-enye na-esote onye na nchịkọta akụkọ nke "Communist" magazine, na mgbe e mesịrị - isi nke aku na uba na ngalaba nke akwụkwọ akụkọ "Pravda". Na oge a nke ọrụ ya, ọ na-akwalite echiche nke mbenata mmefu ego expenditures na okirikiri, adịghị eweta tangible uru. Na nke a, na mbụ ogbo nke ya ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ Gaidar bụ a supporter nke gradual mgbanwe na gaara ekwe omume na-ebu n'ime ẹdude Soviet usoro.

Ọrụ ya dị ka onyeisi oche nke Government nke RSFSR Ai

Onye ama ama nke August abalị na 1991 Egor Gaydar abuana ke agbachitere White House. E, o zutere na State Secretary nke RSFSR G. Burbulis. Ikpeazụ mekwara Yeltsin inyefe mmepe nke usoro ihe omume nke aku na uba mgbanwe Gaidar otu. Na October 1991, ọ e gosiri na 5th Congress nke Ndị mmadụ Deputies, na e mma site ndị bịara mgbakọ. Ọtụtụ ụbọchị gasịrị, Gaydar Egor Timurovich họpụtara osote onye na onyeisi oche nke RSFSR ọchịchị na-elekọta akụ na ụba nsogbu, na June 15, 1992 ghọrọ eme Prime Minister. Na nke a ọkwá ọ nọrọ ruo December 15, 1992 na-egwuri a isi ọrụ na ihe e kere eke nke ọtụtụ n'ime ala oru nke Russian Federation, dị ka tax na ichekwa ego na bank usoro, omenala, ego ahịa na ndị ọzọ. N'otu oge ahụ taa, ndị na-akatọ Baịbụl nke Gaidar e ji eme ya maka na-ezighị ezi pụta nke mgbanwe: na mweda ndị mmadụ ego, hyperinflation, mbelata na mmepụta, a nkọ iju ke nkezi ibi ndụ, nakwa dị ka uto nke ego inequality.

Ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Omeiwu nsogbu na 1993

Yegor Gaidar, onye biography nwere zoro bụghị naanị banyere acha ọkụ, ma na-nlelị, ọ bụghị nwetara nkwado nke nnọchiteanya nke 7th Congress nke Ndị mmadụ Deputies na ya nhọpụta dị ka onyeisi oche nke Government. Nke a jụrụ inabata iwu na otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa na ọnọdụ na steeti, tinyere a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọzọ na ihe mere ka mmalite nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nsogbu.

Si December 1992 ka September 1993, Yegor Gaidar e aku na nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ. Ke adianade do, ọ gwara ndị President nke Russian Federation na aku na uba na iwu. The ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bụ ihe bụ isi na ọnụ ọgụgụ n'oge n'usoro iwu ochichi obodo nsogbu nke 1993, a ụbọchị ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ, a họpụtara ya osote onye na onyeisi oche nke Chernomyrdin ọchịchị. Ọ bụ ya na-jụrụ ndị bi na Moscow na telivishọn na-akpọ na-akpọkọta na nso ụlọ nke Moscow City Council. N'ihi ya, n'abalị nke September 22 on Tverskaya pụtara barricades, na ụtụtụ, e nwere oké ifufe na-White House biri na mmeri nke Yeltsin akwado.

N'oge na-adịghị ya tụgharịa na Gaidar na Chernomyrdin nwere isi iche na isi okwu nke aku na uba na iwu nke mba ahụ, nke mere Gaidar ẹmen na ya agaghịzi, mgbe na-akọwa ebumnobi ya edinam ke a akwụkwọ ozi ka president.

n'ihu na-eme

Site December 1993 na njedebe nke 1995, Gaidar bụ osote onye nke State Duma. Parallel a, ọ na-aga otu "Democratic Choice of Russia". N'oge Chechen agha ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Yegor Gaidar mere na-alụ ọgụ ndị iro na-akpọ Boris Yeltsin nye ya nomination maka ọzọ president okwu. Otú ọ dị, ke n'akwụkwọ nke atụmatụ maka a udo mmezi nke agha na Bosnia, Chechnya, ya ọzọ akwado incumbent isi nke ala.

ngọngọ "Union of Right Forces" e guzobere na 1999. Dị ka ọ banyere ọzọ na Gaidar. Na ntuli aka ẹkenịmde ke December nke afọ a, ọ hoputara a osote onye nke State Duma nke atọ nkpọkọta. N'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ na kasị elu omebe iwu ahu nke mba Gaidar abuana ke mmepe nke mmefu ego na Tax Codes.

ọnwụ iwu

Na-adịbeghị anya, na ndụ nke Yegor Gaidar nwere nsogbu ahụ ike. Karịsịa, na 2006, ọ tụbọrọ n'oge a ọha na anya na Ireland, a kpọgara nlekọta kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nke a n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị n'ógbè ma nọrọ n'ebe ahụ ọtụtụ ụbọchị. Ebe ọ bụ na a mere n'ụbọchị ụbọchị mgbe a mara ọkwa nke nsi na polonium Alexander Litvinenko, na pịa na asịrị ahụ Gaidar bụ aja nke ihe mgbu mmadu na-anwa. Ọ na-e nyochaworo, ma ọ dịghị ihe àmà nke nsi chọtara.

Egora Gaydara ọnwụ bịara December 16, 2009 n'ụlọ ya, dị n'ime obodo nke mwere. Maara nke ọma Economist n'oge bụ naanị 53 afọ. Children Egora Gaydara, akpan akpan, nwa-ya nwayi Maria, kọrọ na nna ya nwụrụ nke a obi ọgụ. Dị ka ndị dọkịta, ha na-aha dị ka ihe na-akpata detachment nke thrombus.

Olili ozu iwu ẹkenịmde ke Novodevichy Ili Ozu. Egora Gaydara nwunye na ndị ọzọ na ndị òtù ezinụlọ ya na-achọghị ka igosipụta ha ụbọchị, otú a na-eli were ebe na-enweghị ọnụnọ nke n'èzí.

Personal ndụ

N'ihi na oge mbụ Egor Gaydar ndọ nnọọ n'oge, na afọ nke afọ 22. Họọrọ-amụrụ nke 5th N'ezie nke aku na uba ngalaba nke Moscow State University ghọrọ Irina Smirnova, nke ndi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị zutere na afọ nke 10 afọ. Dị ka o mesịrị kweta Egor Gaydar, ndụ ya na oge nke ọmụmụ akwụkwọ na ná mmalite afọ nke Research Institute maka System Studies na-adịghị, ghọrọ usoro. Ya mere, n'agbanyeghị na alụmdi na nwunye mbụ o nwere ụmụ abụọ, mgbe ọ mụsịrị nwa-ya nwayi, ọ malitere iche banyere ịgba alụkwaghịm.

Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, Gaidar mere a lụgharịa na Maria Strugatsky. N'ihi ya, atumatu mmekọrita ya na ndị a ma ama Soviet sayensị akụkọ ifo bụ onye so dee Arkadiem Strugatskim, onye ghọrọ nna nwunye-ya, na na na ama Sinologist Iley Oshaninym ndị bịara ya na nwunye nna nna. The abụọ ezinụlọ Egora Gaydara kere ruo ọnwụ ya, na a na alụmdi na nwunye na o nwere nwa nwoke.

Children Egora Gaydara

Dị ka ekwuola, si akpa alụmdi na nwunye iwu nwere ụmụ abụọ: a nwa na a nwaanyị. Mgbe nne na nna ịgba alụkwaghịm, nwa agbọghọ nọrọ na nne ya, mgbe nwanne ya nwoke - Peter - Irina Smirnova kwetara na-di nne na nna, bụ ndị na ya doted.

Ke adianade do, nwunye nke abụọ Egora Gaydara, onye nwere nwa nwoke si a gara aga mmekọrịta, nwere a abụọ na nwunye ọzọ nwata. Nke a mere na 1990, na nwa na aha ya bụ Paul. Ọ bụ nwa nwa nke Arkady Strugatsky na oké-ụmụ ụmụ Arkadiya Gaydara na Paul Bazhov.

N'ihi ya, iwu nke atọ nile ndu ụmụ na otu nwa e kuchiri ekuchi.

Maria Gaidar

Of umu nile nke iwu n'oge kasị ukwuu mmasị ka ya onwe ya na-adọta a nwaanyị si ya n'alụmdi na nwunye mbụ - Maria Gaidar. Mgbe ịgba alụkwaghịm nke nne na nna ya na afọ 3 afọ girl nọgidere na-adị ya na nne, onye na-adịghị anya lụrụ nwaanyị ọzọ. Mgbe Mary mụtara na itoolu, ndị ezinụlọ anyị kwagara Bolivia. Tupu njem, ọ gbanwere nwa agbọghọ ahụ aha, o we ghọrọ Smirnova. Mgbe 5 afọ, Maria, tinyere nne ya na onye nnochi anya nna laghachi Moscow na malitere ịga a ụlọ akwụkwọ pụrụ iche na a Spanish nje ọgụ. Gaidar aha, ọ malitere naanị na afọ afọ 22, mgbe Academy nke National Economy.

Mgbe anata ya iwu ogo, ọ gara site na a ole na ole trades, ọ rụsịrị ọrụ maka onye nkụzi, a manager na otu ọkachamara na atụmatụ, na mgbe ahụ na nwa nwaanyị nke Egora Gaydara gbalịrị aka ya dị ka a TV A na O2TV, na ebe ọ bụ na 2008 - na redio "Echo nke Moscow".

Parallel a, Maria Egorovna ifịk na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọrụ na na 2006 bụ onye òtù nke Presidium nke Union of Right Forces. Ọ nọgide na-enwe oppositional echiche na ugboro ugboro ghọrọ party rallies na ngagharị mgbasa haziri ndị na-emegide nke ugbu a ọchịchị nke mba ahụ.

March 26, 2009 na nwa nwaanyị nke Egora Gaydara ghọrọ ntà osote gọvanọ nke Russian Federation, ma na 2011 ọ mara ọkwa ya agaghịzi na njikọ na ọchịchọ nọgide na ha agụmakwụkwọ na United States, na School of Public Administration ya. John. F. Kennedy na Harvard.

Mgbe alọta United States, Maria na-arụ ọrụ ná mkpirikpi ndị ọchịchị nke Moscow, na mgbe ahụ na-etinye na-atụ ndị Moscow City Duma nnọchiteanya eze, ma e debara aha ha n'akwụkwọ izberkomom n'uche nchọpụta nke imebi na akwụkwọ. Nke a mkpebi kpọkuru n'ụlọikpe, ma nke abụọ kwadoro ya.

N'oge okpomọkụ nke 2015 M. Gaidar họpụtara osote onye na onyeisi oche nke Odessa mpaghara ochichi na nkwanye nke Mikhail Saakashvili, na mgbe e mesịrị jụrụ Russian ụmụ amaala.

Ihe kasị mkpa na nkà mmụta sayensị ọrụ

Yegor Gaidar, onye biography a maara ugbu a na ị na, obi abụọ adịghị, na-egwuri a ọrụ na-adịbeghị anya akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mba anyị. Ya ntule nwere ma na-enye anyị, ụmụ ya, ma ọ na-apụghị imebi ndị kpọkwara a iwu ka a ọkà mmụta sayensị, ọtụtụ n'ime echiche nke e enen mgbe ọnwụ ya.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị akpali na nkà mmụta sayensị ọrụ Egora Gaydara nwere ike kwuru, sị:

• akwụkwọ "State na Evolution", raara nye mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ike na ihe onwunwe nke Russian ala;
• na-arụ ọrụ "anomalies nke Economic Uto", nke si mesoo ndị na-akpata ọdịda nke socialist aku na uba;
• isiokwu bụ "Na mgbanwe nke zuru ụwa ọnụ ego oru" na ndị ọzọ.

N'oge, otu mmasị bụ ọrụ "Fall nke Alaeze Ukwu," dere na 2006. E Gaidar buru amụma na-ekwe omume nke a nsogbu nwere ike ịdapụta ruru ka mmanụ price fluctuations.