ZIL-41045 - limousine maka Andropov

N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1936 n'ogige nke Moscow Kremlin ụgbọala na ụgbọala nta abụọ, ọdịdị ha reminiscent nke American "ụgbọala Buick" na "Packard" na otu karama. Ndị a bụ ndị dịrị ndụ tupu mmepụta mbipụta nke mbụ Soviet nnọchiteanya ụgbọ ala ZIS-101. N'ihi na eziokwu na anụ ụlọ na-emepụta nwere ahụmahụ na haziri nke a na klas nke igwe, yiri esenidụt progenitors abụghị nanị ndị mpụga: na okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu, nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ mmiri na mgbakọ e depụtaghachiri si "ụgbọala Buick." Na ihe nlereanya a, mmepụta malitere na na Moscow Automobile Plant aha mgbe Stalin, na mgbakwunye na nke ụgbọala, na-Executive ụgbọala. Itunanya bu na, ọ bụ ezie na mbụ Soviet limousine na emeghị-abata na free ire maka ndị bi (ruo na mmalite nke 60s ụgbọala ka onwe nwe-adịghị emejuputa), ọ pụrụ inweta dị ka ụgwọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ merie lotiri.

Site Stalin na Brezhnev

Ebe ọ bụ na mmalite nke Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, na mmepụta nke njem ụgbọala na ZiSe e kwụsịrị na maliteghachiri naanị na mmeri 1945 mgbe malitere na-emepụta nlereanya ZIS-110. Mgbe Stalin ọnwụ, na-abịa ike N. S. Hruscheva osisi ke 1956 aha mgbe I. A. Lihacheva, ma si otú ígwè ọrụ aha gbanwere na ZIL-110. Na 1958 ọ malitere na-emepụta a ọhụrụ nlereanya - ZIL-111. Nke a na omenala nke a tọrọ, mgbe onye ọ bụla ọhụrụ CPSU General Secretary natara ya limousine. Ọbubu-eze nke L. I. Brezhneva dọkpụụrụ na afọ 18, ọ na-nwetara atọ nanị ụdị: ZIL-114, 117 na 115, nke ikpeazụ anya gbanwere ya index, dị ọhụrụ ọbịa na ZIL-4104.

Birth of ZIL-41045

Mgbe ọnwụ nke L. I. Brezhneva na ntuli aka maka onyeisi oche na November 1982, YU. V. Andropova, na Moscow ụgbọ ala factory kpebiri na ha agaghị agbaji omenala, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ na-erughị afọ anọ, ọ malitere wepụtara ọhụrụ nlereanya - ZIL-4104 . Ya mere, ọ e kpebiri ime nke ugbua na-ama na-emepụta ugbo ala. The igwe a na-akpọ ZIL-41045.

The ngwa imewe na

Structurally, na ZIL-41045 ugboro ya ụzọ. Ndabere nke Chassis mejupụtara a welded etiti na igbe-ngalaba spars. The n'iru usoro bụ haịdrọlik. Front nkwusioru - nọọrọ onwe ha torsion na wishbone, n'azụ - dabere na akpàràkpà longitudinal semielliptical iyi. Transverse kwụsie ike nke ụgbọala mbo stabilizers. Breeki usoro - abụọ-circuit, na agụụ na abụọ Hydro-vac.

Engine asatọ cylinder V ekara, na n'akuku nke ⁹⁰ Celsius. The mmanụ ụgbọala na-eji dị ka a mmanụ ụgbọala A-95. The mgbanye usoro nwere a ndabere mkpu circuit, nke enwekwu pụrụ ịdabere na ya, na-abụọ elu ụgbọala batrị. RWD drivetrain ẹkewetde nke a atọ-ogbo akpaka nnyefe na torque Ntụgharị. The wiil e onwem na iri na isi na-anụ ọhịa wiil na pụrụ iche na taya na-ekwe ka ị na-akpali na a penetration nke wheel. Isi - a classic ụzọ anọ, ụdị "limousine", na a kacha nta ọtụtụ dị iche iche ji achọ ọcha. Salon na integrated audio usoro na kpo oku na ventilashion. The n'ihu Ahịrị nke oche iche na n'ime ime mgbidi, nke dara elu iko ọkara. Na agba, nke na-ese ZIL-41045 - nwa.

Car interiors

Ebe ọ bụ na ZIL-41045 e mere maka njem nke agadi Soviet ọchịchị, anya karịsịa ugwo mma nke ụgbọ ala. Ft nkpuchi bụ ji ajị anụ kpaa kapet pụrụ iche na agba "ebe" nke a na-adịghị ahụ anya ájá na unyi. Seat upholstery na ụzọ e mere nke Dutch ụtaba na-acha mohair, dị ka na ZIL-41045, a foto nke na-dị na isiokwu.

Otú ọ dị, na arịrịọ nke ndị ahịa, e nwere ndị ọzọ nhọrọ: n'ihi na ihe atụ, ụgbọala na-eje ozi na Soviet Defense Minister Ustinova D. F., nwere ime ìhè agba aja aja agba. N'ihu oche - akpụkpọ anụ, Argentinean buffalo. Ụfọdụ ụgbọala onwem ekwentị ọchịchị nkwurịta okwu na nzuzo pụrụ iche akụrụngwa. First ZIL-41045 e arụpụtara ke 1983 na banyere na itule mpempe akwụkwọ Special Purpose Garage, nke catered njem na Secretary General nke Central Committee nke CPSU. Otú ọ dị, YU. V. Andropov eji ụgbọala ọhụrụ ruo ogologo oge. Na February nke 1984, a post e weere site K. US Geological Chernenko, na March 1985 - M. S. Gorbachev. N'ihi n'ịdị mkpụmkpụ innings Konstantin Ustinovich "ha" limousine ọ natara, na-esote nlereanya - na ZIL-41047 - pụtara naanị na 1985. N'ihi ya, Mikhail Gorbachev ghọrọ general odeakwụkwọ nke ikpeazụ oké mba, bụ ike na-agba ịnyịnya na ndị ọhụrụ nlereanya nke nnọchiteanya ụgbọala nke Moscow ụgbọ ala factory ZIL.