"A ịkpụ" - a okwu na oge nke Stolypin si mgbanwe. The uru nke he ke ugbo Russia

Ná mmalite XX narị afọ, ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu oru ugbo nnupụisi na Russian Alaeze Ukwu amanye ndị ọchịchị na-achọ ihe ngwọta na-na agrarian nsogbu na mba. Anya na o kwere omume ndị ụzọ abụọ nke agrarian mgbanwe. The mbụ ụzọ dugara ichebe nke rutere ala na mbibi nke ndị na oru ugbo obodo. Nke abụọ ụzọ dugara kagbuo nke rutere ala na nationalization ala. N'oge mmejuputa iwu nke ala mgbanwe na bilie echiche nke "ịkpụ." Nke a na okwu na mbụ obere okwu, ma na mmalite nke narị afọ, ya bara uru niile mara na ugbo Alaeze Ukwu.

Stolypin mgbanwe

All-Russian Congress nke United ama nyere kwalite mmejuputa iwu nke mbụ ụzọ nke ala mgbanwe. Ewere n'ime akaụntụ-apụghị izere ezere nke ọnwụ nke ochie oru ugbo ụzọ ndụ, ndị ọchịchị kpebiri na mbibi zuru ezu nke oru ugbo òkè ala, ala nke nnukwu nwe ala nọgidere na-emebibeghị. The mgbanwe rụrụ n'okpuru idu ndú nke Prime Minister P. Stolypin, na n'oge na-adịghị pụtara na-anụ aha nke "Stolypin si mgbanwe." November 3, 1905 e gosiri eze manifesto, dị ka nke mgbapụta ugwo na-kagbuo na n'òkè ghọrọ Foto ekesịpde site oru ugbo. Ya mere, e a-ekwe omume na-etolite ala ojiji ebipụ. Nke a na okwu na-egosi na mmalite nke 1906 na e ọma na-eji ruo mgbe mgbanwe nke 1917 afọ. Echiche a na-ewepụtara "iri", "ebipụ '- ya mere a na-akpọ obodo na nke mba na gburugburu ebe obibi nkewa nke ala n'etiti ugbo.

Okwu "bee" na-ezo aka a iche iche òkè nke ahọrọ obodo n'umu na oji onwe nke ọrụ ugbo.

onye onwe

Ọnụ na nkewa nke anyị na ala, e kpebiri-achụpụ ndị ogbenye oru ugbo ugbo na etiti peeji ala nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu. N'ihi na peasantry n'okpuru tsars nwere zuru ikike na ohere, ajụjụ nke igba nke na-anọchite anya nke a na klas nke nnwere onwe nke ije. March 10, 1906 The ọnọdụ nke Council nke Ozi nyere ndị nkịtị nnwere onwe nke ntuli aka nke obibi, nnwere onwe nke ije, ka a kagbuo ikike ngafe "restrictive iwu" na equalization nke peasantry ya ruuru na klas ndị ọzọ. N'ihi ya, onye oru ugbo nwere ike na-ahapụ obodo na-enweta n'ala naanị ya nwe - ịkpụ. Nke a na-ekwe omume ọbụna ebe ndị tụụrụ ala bụ ezughị - ya mere na-ekpebi na nke nke resettlement ná mpụga nke alaeze ukwu.

Khutornoi aku na uba

Ọtụtụ ezinụlọ na onye ala nwe kpụrụ ugbo. Dị ka a na-achị, ndị dị otú ahụ a obere mmezi bilitere na ọhụrụ weghaara ebe nke tsarist Russia, ebe anyị na ala n'umu na-adịghị eme ma ọ bụ na ha anaghị enye dịgasị nkesa. Farm na bran bụ iconic nnọchianya nke Stolypin si mgbanwe, bụ nke e iji na reorganization nke peasantry na obere ugbo na Prussian nlereanya.

Ihe ịga nke ọma ẹkụre Stolypin mgbanwe gbochiri October mgbanwe. Ebe ọ bụ na ya mbata, ọtụtụ okwu enwekwaghị ihe ha pụtara, gụnyere "ịkpụ." Echiche a tụfuru ya mkpa ke n'akwụkwọ nke Iwu na Land, aka site VI Lenin.