Aviation World War II. Military ugbo elu nke USSR

Ọtụtụ nwere ike ịgwa banyere World War II. Facts e nwere nnọọ a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ. Nke a review kwesịrị ntị ka isiokwu a, dị ka ụgbọelu nke abụọ World War. Ka anyị kwuo banyere ihe ndị kasị ama ụgbọelu, nke e ji mee ihe na-alụ ọgụ.

Ihe bụ isi unit nke Soviet nsoro

I-16 - "ịnyịnya ibu", "ishachok". Monoplane fighter of Soviet mmepụta. Ọ mbụ pụtara na 30s. Nke a mere na Polikarpov OKB. The mbụ na-ebili na a fighter na ikuku, bụ Valery Chkalov. Ọ mere na njedebe nke December 1933. The ụgbọelu wee akụkụ ke agha obodo ahụ malitere na 1936 na Spain, na esemokwu na Japan na Khalkhin Gol, na Soviet-Finnish agha. Site na nmalite nke Great Ịhụ Mba n'Anya fighter bụ isi unit nke kwekọrọ ekwekọ nsoro nke USSR. Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya bụ ụgbọelu malitere na ọrụ na m na-16.

Mepụtara Aleksandra Yakovleva

Aviation World War II gụnyere ole ha na Naa-3. N'okpuru ya ga-aghọta a otu-engine fighter, mmepe nke nke e edu Aleksandra Yakovleva. The ụgbọelu ghọ oké n'ihu nke Yak-1 nlereanya. Imewe nke na-efe efe na ígwè ọrụ ndị merenụ site 1994 ruo 1945. N'oge a, ọ gbara mbọ na-ewu banyere 5000 alụso. The ụgbọelu na-ghọtara dị ka ndị kasị mma fighter of World War II, mere maka ala elu. Nlereanya a bụ na ogwe aka nke France.

Aviation USSR ọtụtụ enwetara site n'oge ụgbọelu mepụtara Naa-7 (UTI-26). Ọ bụ a otu-engine ugbo elu mere site Aleksandrom Yakovlevym. Ji si ele ihe anya nke ọzụzụ ugbo elu. Production malitere na 1942. Na ikuku bilie banyere 6000 nke a ụdị.

Improved nlereanya

Aviation nke USSR dị otú ahụ a fighter, dị ka a K-9. Nke a bụ ihe kasị uka nlereanya, onye mmepụta were 6 afọ, ebe ọ bụ na 1942. N'oge a, ọ rụrụ banyere 17 puku ugbo elu. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ihe nlereanya nwere obere ihe dị iche na ugbo elu FC-7, maka niile ihe, ọ ghọwo ihe ọkaibe n'ihu nke a na usoro.

Ụgbọ elu-emepụta n'okpuru nduzi nke Petlyakova

Mgbe na-ekwu banyere a isiokwu ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ugbo elu Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ọ ga-kwuru ụgbọelu na-akpọ Pawn (Pee-2). Nke a amaba bombu, nke bụ ndị kasị ewu ewu na ya na klas. Nlereanya a na-eji ọtụtụ n'ọgbọ agha.

Aviation Soviet World War II gụnyere ya mejupụtara, na a na-efe efe igwe ka Pee-3. N'okpuru a nlereanya, ọ ga-aghọta ejima-engine fighter. Ya isi e ji mara na ya a metal Ọdịdị. E mepụtara na OKB-29. The ndabere e weere site amaba bombu Pee-2. Enye ada mmepụta usoro B. Petlyakov. The mbụ ụgbọ elu e wuru 1941. Si ya otu bombu site enweghị nke ala onu maka égbè ntọala. E nweghị breeki grids.

Agha ike nke na-efe efe na elu karị

Military ụgbọelu na USSR n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ e kwukwara na ndị dị otú ahụ a elu-elu fighter, mig-3. Nke a iga ụgbọelu e ji mee na a n'ụzọ dịgasị iche iche. N'etiti isi iche nwere ike mata na ya nwere ike ịrị ihe elu nke 12,000 mita. The ọnụego otú esịmde a elu nke ọma larịị. Na nke a fighter ụgbọelu ọma buso ndi-iro ugbo elu.

Alụso onye mmepụta a na-eduzi Lavochkin

N'ikwu okwu a isiokwu ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ugbo elu Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ọ ga-kwuru a nlereanya a na-akpọ LaGG-3. Nke a monoplane fighter, bụ onye na Air Force nke Red Army. Ọ na-eji na a fighter ọnọdụ interceptor, otu bombu, nyoputa onyeiro. Production kere si 1941 na 1944. Designers bụ Lavochkin, Gorbunov, Gudkov. N'etiti àgwà ọma ga-mata ọnụnọ nke dị ike na ngwá agha, elu survivability, nke kacha nta iji obere ihe. Isi ntinye ji kee fighter pine na plywood.

Military ụgbọelu dị na ya edidu nlereanya nke La-5, onye na-ewu wee ebe n'okpuru idu ndú nke Lavochkin. Nke a monoplane fighter. The isi e ji mara bụ ọnụnọ nke naanị otu ụzọ, mechiri emechi ụlọ, a osisi etiti ma bụ otu nku spars. Production nke a ụgbọelu malitere na 1942. Ná mmalite, dị ka ihe agha e ji naanị akpaka 20-mm egbe ala na ego nke abua. Ngwa iwu na ha na-enịm ke n'ihu akụkụ nke moto. Instrumentation ọ dị iche iche iche iche. Ọ dịghị ọbụna otu gyro ngwaọrụ. Ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụnyere nke a na ụgbọelu efe n'elu ugbo ala na na e ji Germany, America ma ọ bụ England, ọ pụrụ iyi na ọ bụ nke ukwuu nke ha ala azụ na teknuzu okwu. Otú ọ dị, na ụgbọ elu e ji mara ndị na a elu larịị. Ihe ọ bụla ọzọ, dị mfe imewe, ọ dịghị mkpa maka oge na-ewe mmezi, undemanding na ọnọdụ nke takeoff ubi na-eme ka ihe nlereanya ezigbo maka nnọọ na oge. N'ime otu afọ, ọ e mepụtara banyere otu puku alụso.

History of Aviation nke USSR na-eme a akwụkwọ na a nlereanya dị ka La-7. Nke a bụ otu oche-monoplane fighter, ndị na-ewu nke e rụrụ Lavochkin. The mbụ dị otú ahụ ugbo elu e wepụtara na 1944. Na ikuku, o biliri na February. Na May, e kpebiri na-amalite ya uka mmepụta. Fọrọ nke nta niile na-anya ụgbọelu bụ onye ghọrọ Heroes nke Soviet Union, ama ka La-7.

Ihe nlereanya na-emepụta n'okpuru nduzi nke Polikarpov

Soviet agha ugbo elu na-agụnye nlereanya U-2 (PO-2). Nke a multi-nzube biplane, nke duru Polikarpov mmepụta ke 1928. Isi nzube nke ntọhapụ nke ndị ugbo elu wee ebe, bụ ịzụ ụgbọelu. N'ihi ya, e ji mma njikwa àgwà. Mgbe Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, ọkọlọtọ nlereanya, e kpebiri ịgbanwe akpa ume, n'abalị otu bombu. The ibu si otú a ruru 350 n'arọ. Na ụgbọ elu e arụpụtara ke usoro ruo 1953. N'ihi na ihe niile oge ya jisiri na-emepụta banyere 33 puku ụdị.

Akwa-agba fighter

Military ugbo elu WWII gụnyere ndị dị otú ahụ a igwe dị ka tu-2. Nlereanya a na-mara n'okpuru aha ndanda-58 na Tu-103 2. Nke a ejima-engine bombu, nke nwere ike ịzụlite a elu ụgbọ elu na-agba. N'ihi na ihe niile oge nke ya rụpụta E wuru banyere 2257 ụdị. Ogba otu bombu bụ ruo mgbe 1950.

Iberibe tank

Ọ bụghị obere ewu ewu dị otú ahụ ugbo elu dị ka IL-2. Attack ụgbọelu na-ebu aha otutu "humpbacked". Nke a so mee ka na-etolite na fuselage. Designers akpọ nke a igwe a na-efe efe tank. German ụgbọelu ndị dị otú ahụ ụdị na-akpọ ihe na sikwuo ụgbọelu bombu n'ihi na nke akpan akpan ike. Attack ugbo elu Ilyushin mmepụta aka.

Gịnị ka anyị pụrụ ikwu banyere ụgbọelu na Germany?

German ugbo elu Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gụnyere ndị dị otú ahụ a nlereanya dị ka "Messerschmitt Bf.109". Nke a pistin fighter nizkoplan. Ọ na-eji dị ka ihe interceptor, fighter, otu bombu na nyoputa onyeiro ugbo elu. Nke a bụ ndị kasị ewu ewu ụgbọ elu ke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ (33984 model). Fọrọ nke nta niile German ụgbọelu malitere ofufe elu a.

"Messerschmitt Bf.110" - arọ fighter usoro okike. N'ihi na eziokwu na o nwere ike ọ gaghị eji maka ya bipụta ya, nzube, nlereanya e retrained na otu bombu. The ụgbọelu na ọtụtụ-eji dị iche iche ná mba. Ọ abuana ke ọgụ n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ụwa. Chioma esonyere ndị dị otú ahụ ugbo elu na njikọ na mberede nke ọdịdị ya. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ndị njem ndị agha kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, nlereanya a na-fọrọ nke nta mgbe furu efu. Na nke a, ihe dị otú ahụ ugbo elu napụrụ si n'ihu na 1943.

"Messerschmitt Me.163" (Comet) - agha interceptor. First ama 1941 na mmalite nke September. Ọ bụghị enweta uka mmepụta. Site 1944 na ọ e wepụtara a ngụkọta nke 44 ụdị. The mbụ sortie wee ebe naanị na 1944. All na enyemaka ha naanị 9 ụgbọ elu gbara ala na ọnwụ nke 11.

"Messerschmitt Me.210" - arọ fighter, onye mere ka Bf.110 nlereanya ndochi. Ya mbụ ụgbọ elu mere na 1939. Na ya imewe, nlereanya nwere a ole na ole ntụpọ, na njikọ na nke ọ bụ uru na-alụ ọgụ ike zuru ezu hit. All wee si banyere 90 ụdị. 320 ugbo elu na-adịghị agwụ agwụ.

"Messerschmitt Me.262" - a ugboelu fighter, nke nwekwara na-eje ozi dị ka a bombu na nyoputa onyeiro ugbo elu. The ụwa mbụ ugboelu ugbo elu, nke so na-alụ ọgụ. Ọzọkwa, ọ nwere ike na-ewere ụwa mbụ ugboelu fighter. The isi na ogwe aka 30 mm cannons nke na-arụnyere gburugburu ụta. A na njikọ ya e nyere na-ekpokwasị arọ ọkụ.

British-mere ụgbọ elu

"Hawker Hurricane" - na British otu oche-fighter mmepụta, wepụtara na 1939. N'ihi na ihe niile oge mmepụta si banyere 14 puku ụdị. Na njikọ na dị iche iche mgbanwe igwe e ji mee ka ihe interceptor, otu bombu na agha ugbo elu. E nwekwara ndị mgbanwe nke gosiri takeoff ụgbọelu na-ebu. N'etiti German aces a ugbo elu a na-akpọ "a ịwụ nke akụ." Nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na ọ bụ nnọọ ike iji jikwaa na ngwa ngwa ọrịrị.

"Supermarine Spitfire" - British mbibi mmepụta, nke nwere a moto na na ihe niile na-metal monoplane nku positioned zuru ezu ala. The Chassis nke nlereanya a na ọ bụ ike ọcha. Dị iche iche mgbanwe ekwe itinye nlereanya dị ka a fighter, interceptor, otu bombu na scout. Ọ na-emepụta banyere 20 puku ụgbọala. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-eji na-50-ies. Tumadi eji naanị na mmalite nke agha.

"Hawker Typhoon" - a otu otu bombu, onye mmepụta e rụrụ ruo mgbe 1945. On mgwo agha ẹkewetde ruo 1947. E mepụtara iji na-eji ya na ọnọdụ nke interceptor. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ihe ịga nke ọma alụso. Otú ọ dị, e nwere nsogbu ụfọdụ, site na nke ị nwere ike họrọ a ala ọnụego ọrịrị. The mbụ ụgbọ elu ada itie ke 1940.

Japan Aviation

Japanese ugbo elu Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ n'ụzọ depụtaghachiri ihe nlereanya nke ugbo elu, nke e ji mee ihe na Germany. A ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke fighter jets na-akwado ala agha ke ọgụ. Ọzọkwa pụtara na obodo ikuku elu. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ugbo elu n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na-eji maka na-efe efe na China. Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na ọ dịghị ụzọ atụ bọmbụ dị ka akụkụ nke Japanese ugbo elu. N'etiti isi fighter nwere ike oké: Nakajima Ki-27, Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa, Nakajima Ki-44 Shoki, Kawasaki Ki-45 Toryu, Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien. Japanese Air Force na-eji ụgbọ, ọzụzụ, nyoputa onyeiro ugbo elu. Na ụgbọelu, e nwere ebe a maka nzube pụrụ iche ụdị.

American alụso

Gịnị ọzọ nwere ike kwuru na isiokwu nke otú ugbo elu Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ? The United States na-guzosighịkwa n'ụsọ. America n'ihi na ezi nghọta na ihe mere, bịara nnọọ juputara na mmepe nke Navy na Air Force. Dịcha, ọ bụ ihe a akpachapụ na-egwuri a ọrụ na eziokwu ahụ bụ na US-mere ụgbọ elu bụ n'etiti ndị kasị dị ike, ọ bụghị nanị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ma na-na atụmatụ. Site na mmalite nke agha arụmọrụ ke US ngwá ẹkewetde nke ụdị dị ka Curtiss P-40 Warhawk. Ma mgbe a ka a igwe dochie na a P-51 Mustang, P-47 thunderbolt, P-38 àmụmà. Dị ka na-eji usoro otu bombu ugbo elu ụdị ndị dị otú dị ka B-17 na B-FlyingFortress 24 mgbapụta. Iji-enwe ike na-ebu ụzọ bọmbụ nke Japan, na United States rụrụ nlereanya ụgbọelu B-29 Superfortress.

ọgwụgwụ

Aviation na World War II egwuri a dị ịrịba ama ọrụ. Enweghị ụgbọelu bụghị fọrọ dịghị ọgụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị ihe iju ke eziokwu na-ekwu na-tụrụ site na ọ bụghị naanị na ala ma na-na ikuku. Ntem, na n'ihi pilot ọzụzụ, na ihe e kere eke nke ọhụrụ ugbo elu ọ bụla ná mba ndị kwesịrị ekwesị na a nnukwu òkè nke ọrụ. Na nke a nyochaa anyị na-agbalị iji tụlee efe n'elu ji (ịga nke ọma na-adịghị) na ọgụ.