Dzhim Klark - racer "Formula 1". Biography, rụzuru na egwuregwu

Ọ - a na akụkọ mgbe ọduọ. A onye na-achị dị ka ọsọ na drive. Ọ - ntà mmeri nke "Formula 1", na-multiple-eto eto. Na dị nnọọ a obi ike mmadụ. Ọ - James (Jim) Clark!

nwata

A mụrụ n'ọdịnihu n'ụwa onye mmeri na ụzọ ọduọ na March 1936, n'obodo nta Kilmani (Scotland). Ndị nne na nna James - ọma na-ọrụ ugbo na-nọrọ a otutu oge na-arụ ọrụ na-echegbu onwe ya. Site na nwata, Jim e setịpụrụ na-otu nnyemaaka nọchiri nke nna ya. N'etiti ụmụ isii ọ Clarkes otu bụ nwa okoro na onye nwere ikike nke a nwa ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ nke ndị nne na nna na-elekọta ugbo.

Ma nwa na-adịghị Akara ohere ịdị ndụ a biri ndụ na ókè aku ugbo na ụmụ anụmanụ husbandry.

Ọ zụlitere na Scottish emeghe oghere, site na nwa ọhụrụ na-eku ume ọhụrụ ikuku nke nnwere onwe, mgbe nile nwere mmasị na egwuregwu ụgbọala na elu-ọsọ ịnyịnya.

Maruuru egwuregwu

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ, Jimmy na-aga a na-akwanyere ùgwù akwụkwọ ke Edinburgh - isi obodo nke Scottish alaeze. N'ebe ahụ, ọ ada na ịhụnanya na egwuregwu - na-ahụ mgbe nile aku nte na hockey. Egwu na-akpọ ka a otu na-enyere ya aka ịzụlite ọzụzụ onwe na mmụọ nke imekọ ihe ọnụ, ike na Atụghị egwu.

Ebe a Dzhim Klark zutere na akpaaka ọduọ. Ọ ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na-anakọta na ndetu site na periodicals nke kasị mma ọkwọ ụgbọala na kasị na ụgbọala.

The mbụ nzọụkwụ kwupụta ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke egwuregwu

N'ụlọ akwụkwọ, Jimmy kwụsịtụ nkenke. Nne na nna kpebiri Ihọd mkpa ka ị ina-eji na ugbo ndụ, ma were ya laa. Kemgbe ahụ, na-eto eto Clark wee kpọrọ arụ ọrụ nna ya, na-amụta na ins na outs nke na-akọ ugbo na ahia.

Otú ọ dị, obi ụtọ ewepụtara na egwuregwu, na mbanye site na-akwọ ụgbọala ngwa ngwa ọ bụghị otú mfe ichefu. Jim na-arụ ọrụ na ugbo, ma na nzuzo nrọ iji merie ọduọ Olympus. Site n'ụzọ, na-arụ ọrụ n'ugbo ma na-ekere òkè na agbụrụ Clark jisiri ikpokọta ihe ndị ọzọ m ụbọchị!

Site ya ihe mgbaru ọsọ Ihọd na-aga nwayọọ nwayọọ. First sinik achụ ụgbọala ezinụlọ, mgbe ahụ, na-akawanye a akwụkwọ ikike ịkwọ ụgbọala. N'ebe nile, ọbụna na a ubi na a traktọ, nwa James nrọ nke elu-ọsọ ịnya ụgbọ ala na-aga nke ọma mmeri.

N'ihi na Jimmy welitere ego ịzụta ya mbụ "Talbot", nke na-agụnye a obere rally, na ndị ọzọ elu-ọsọ asọmpi.

All a Ihọd nne na nna ndị megide ya ntụrụndụ ọsọ na odomo ndị nwa-ya, na-ekpughe na ha niile uru nke ugbo ndụ. Otú ọ dị, na-eru n'obi na seduction obere mere na nwa okorobịa ahụ. Ọ hụrụ a mgbaru ọsọ na aggressively gara ya.

mbụ mmeri

Victory iso ibe, na n'anya ịgba ọsọ Jimmie enyekwara German auto-ọduọ otu, Porsche. A afọ mgbe e mesịrị, o dere ọzọ German otu were a na-akwanyere ùgwù iri ebiet ke mbuba "24 Awa nke Le Mans." Nke a zoo, ẹkenịmde mgbe nile ebe ọ bụ na 1923 nso French obodo nke Le Mans, ìgwè ndenye ego aka abụghị nke ukwuu na ọsọ ma ntachi obi na arụmọrụ.

The sonyere nke mpi, ọ dị mkpa na-achọ a n'etiti ala n'etiti ọsọ na ntụkwasị obi nke ụgbọ ala, nke kwesịrị jide si iri abụọ na anọ awa n'okporo ụzọ na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla oru breakdowns na emebi obosara, nakwa dị ka ihe iji ò ojiji nke consumable ihe: mmanụ ụgbọala, breeki pad na taya.

Ọtụtụ ihe a na mpi-adabere na ume na nkà nke pilot nke a ọduọ ụgbọ ala, dị ka o nwere na-eji n'azụ wheel nke nkezi nke awa anọ na a oge, na-eche maka mgbanwe nke otu-mate na-esote olulu akwụsị.

Ahụmahụ e nwetara site Jim ke mbuba "24 Awa nke Le Mans", nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ike nke ọrụ ya amalite avtosportsmena.

a oké mkpa nzukọ

Mgbe na-ekere òkè kwa zoo Le Mans egwuregwu ụgbọala aghọwo akụkụ bụ isi nke ndụ nke a na-eto eto-akwọ ụgbọala.

Ọ na-adọrọ uche nke ọma British avtokonstruktor Colin Chapman, onye tọrọ ntọala ya ụlọ ọrụ maka mmepụta nke ọduọ na egwuregwu ụgbọala.

Car "Lotus" - a otutu mepụtara Chapman, reworked na gbanwetụrụ si ọzọ mara karịsịa maka ụgbọ ala ọduọ "Formula 1".

Na 1958 Colin malitere ya ọduọ otu isonye na kpara mba - Team Lotus.

Ikiri nọkwa Jimmy Chapman dọtara mmasị m na usoro na obi ike nke nwa novice agba na-awa ya a ebe otu ya.

N'ihi Clarke, ọ bụ a obi ụtọ ohere tiekwa mkpu nke obere yinye obere ihe na-egosipụta nkà nke ụwa.

Kemgbe afọ 1960, James etiede ke ụgbọ ala, "Lotus" na-amalite na-ekere òkè na "Formula 2", na a ọnwa ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị - na na "Formula 1".

Dzhim Klark: "Formula 1", mmalite

N'otu afọ, Jimmy na-ewe atọ na asatọ gburugburu nke ụwa egwuregwu ọduọ na klas "Formula 1". The mpi e mere na August 14 ncheta na track, tọrọ na n'okporo ámá nke obodo nke Porto (Boavista).

A oge ndị ji ọtụtụ ọdachi na akpakanamde akara. Chris Bristow tiwara ya ahu na-anọgide ruo oge ụfọdụ dina ọduọ warara. Eju, Jim jisiri uzo a jọgburu onwe ya, ma ka na ntụpọ na ọbara nke ụgbọala ya.

Mgbe a ole na ole laps, e nwere onye ọzọ dị egwu ọnwụ - gburu Officer Clark na otu - Alan Steysi nwụrụ n'ihi na eziokwu na a nnụnụ iwe tọgbọ n'ime ya.

N'agbanyeghị nke nro na o jupụtara n'okporo ụzọ, Jimmy gbalịrị ime m ike na-emeri, na ọ bụ n'efu: n'ozuzu Dzhim Klark were iri ebiet.

Oge ihe a na-akwọ nwetara gold na-eto eto mba na ọla na mpi "24 Awa nke Le Mans." Otú ọ dị, kwa ụbọchị mpi dị mkpa ghara Ekwughị nwa okorobịa, ọ na-aba na-abịa afọ na-akụkụ na ya.

ndọtị

The ọzọ oge, "Formula 1" Dzhim Klark natara ikike ikwu okwu niile Grand Prix asọmpi. The egwuregwu ẹkenịmde si May ruo mgbe iri na anọ October 8 na-enwe nke asatọ nkebi. Scottish pilot ugboro abụọ wee ikpo okwu ahụ, na na na n'ozuzu standings na asaa ebe.

Nke asaa ogbo nke mpi, nke-iri nke September, mgbe na-ekwu Italian Grand Prix, na breakneck ọsọ Clarke collided na a ụgbọ ala nke ama ọduọ ọkwọ Wolfgang von Njem. Machine multiple World onye mmeri rocketed skyward dakwasị na-ege ntị. Von Njem dara nke ụlọ, nwụrụ na ntụpọ. Ụgbọala ya gburu iri na atọ ndị mmadụ.

Nke a egwu mberede mere ka onye agaghị echefu Jim Clark. Na a ala nke ujo, ọ hapụrụ agbụrụ, ma mgbe ụbọchị ole na ole ọ dị njikere mpi maka ndú na US Grand Prix.

takeoff

Na egwuregwu nke 1962 Dzhim Klark kwagara ọhụrụ mepụtara nke enyi ya, Colin Chapman. "Lotus 25" ka na-ewere otu nke kasị mma ọduọ ụgbọala na ihe mere eme. Na ya mma "Lotus" Jimmy ọ nọrọ a oge na-akwadebe bụrụ onye ndú, ma ọrụaka nsogbu gbochie. N'oge nke itoolu na nke ikpeazụ ogbo nke mpi, ẹkenịmde ke South Africa, Dzhim Klark bịara ala na stratum ruru otu mmanụ ehi ehi.

Ọ bụ ezie na James enweghị mmeri na nke a oge, ya na-egbuke egbuke àmụmà arụmọrụ amụtaghị ụwa na ọ - na kasị ọtụtụ ahụmahụ na-agba. "Formula 1" hụrụ ọhụrụ enwu kpakpando. Na nke a ama enen na-esonụ oge, ebe Dzhim Klark enweta otu elu-ọgwụgwụ nke mbụ ebe na aha n'ụwa onye mmeri. Ọ bụ a na-ghar mmeri peremptory: Graham Hill merie silver n'azụ na-eto eto na iri abụọ na asaa isi!

N'otu afọ a ọma autopilot ewe abụọ ke mbuba, "500 kilomita nke Indianapolis" (agbụrụ, "Indy 500").

All na-atụ anya ka ndị ọzọ oge nke ụwa agbụrụ. Ha nwere na-eme ihe Dzhim Klark - ịtụnanya na oké racer. "Formula 1" na-atụ anya a ọhụrụ mmeri ya amamiihe mmeri.

Na oge 1964 eduga autopilot obi ike na-eje ije na mmeri, na-emeri atọ Grand Prix, ma ọ chịkọtara Ugboro nnọkọ maka oru ihe. Nke a bụ n'ihi mgbanwe n'ime ụgbọ ala na-pụrụ ịdabere na na inogide - "Lotus 33".

N'agbanyeghị ihe isi ike a (atụ, na ise na ogbo nke agbụrụ, na UK, Jim jisiri merie mba na atọ wheel), Clark were nke atọ. The mmeri gara nnọchiteanya nke United Alaeze - John Surtees.

abụọ mmeri

January-February 1965, Jimmy nọrọ na oyi egwuregwu, ebe o were mbụ, na-emeri na ise.

Ọzọkwa, n'otu afọ, ya na-ekere òkè "Formula 1", o nwetara otu aha ke 1963, na-egosi a na-ghar-akpali akpali egwuregwu: isii mmeri na Grand Prix, isii podiums, isii osisi ọnọdụ. Ugboro abụọ n'ụwa onye mmeri na iri abụọ na itoolu afọ - e nwere ihe na-anya isi na ihe na-aṅụrị ọṅụ!

Yana World n'asọmpi Dzhim Klark wee akụkụ ke agbụrụ ọzọ ọkacha mmasị - "500 kilomita nke Indianapolis," nke ọ na-enweta nkwanye na mgbukepụ na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi. Maka ihe omume a, James ọbụna kpebiri àjà òkè Monaco Grand Prix.

mgbe mmeri

Ebe ọ bụ na 1966, ke "Formula 1" atọ-liter engines e kpebiri. Site na nke a n'aka na anyị adịghị njikere "Lotus", ma ọ bụ ya creators. Ya mere, Jim were naanị nke isii ebe ke egwuregwu table, ebe merie nanị otu Grand Prix - na United States.

Ndị na-esonụ oge, Clarke, a kwadebere dị ka mgbe n'ihu. Ndibọhọ a Mbuzo mmeri nke Grand Prix of Great Britain, na Netherlands, na United States na Mexico, o meriri a ọla nrite n'ihi na nke ugboro ugboro nnọkọ na South Africa, Monaco, Germany, France na Canada.

N'otu afọ, na-akwọ ọzọ na-ewere akụkụ na mpi "Indy 500", nke enyene n'ọnọdụ nke abụọ.

The ọdachi 1968 malitere maka kpara autopilot nnọọ nke ọma. Ọ ndibọhọ na mmeri nke South African Grand Prix (ọ bụ ya iri-na-ise mmeri na a nyere obodo). O wee were akụkụ na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ asọmpi, ebe o na-edu ndú akpa ebe (atụ, agbụrụ "Formula 2" na Barcelona).

Ebe ọ bụ na tupu ọzọ Grand Prix, "Formula 1" bụ naanị ọnwa ole na ole, Dzhim Klark kpebie ileta nwekwara ndị ọzọ asọmpi. Ya mere, nke-asa nke April, ọ gara agbụrụ, "Formula 2" na Germany.

Dzhim Klark: mberede

Na na mwute ụbọchị na Hockenheimring James, dị na mbụ, o wee akụkụ ke a ọsọ zoo, obi ike na-ejide handlebars mmasị ụgbọala na fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dịghị mmetụta nke obi ụtọ ma ọ bụ nchegbu. Ọ na-e edịm, ụgbọ ala, na-egbu ndị mmiri mgbidi ma na-ahapụ a ogologo ịgba, na-eje ije na gbapụrụ ọsọ na-eru nso 250 km / h.

The ise gburugburu. "Lotus" Jim ike chụkwute ọzọ ụgbọala. Racer ejikarịkwa ije presses na gas na ụgbọ ala ... Back n'ụzọ ụfọdụ mere ka ekpe. Clark gbalịrị spana ike larịị igwe, ma ọ jụrụ ime. Na breakneck ọsọ ụgbọ ala adara n'akụkụ-ekpe n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ, na-enweghị izute ya ụzọ nnapụta mgbochi na ihe mgbochi, ama na ọkpọ ebe.

Si dị ike nkukota na a osisi ụgbọ ala gbajisịa n'ime iberibe. The engine na gearbox bubatara iri asatọ mita tinyere mgbidi ahụ, ndị n'ihu akụkụ niile nke ahụ na-agba ịnyịnya na pavement, na onye na-agba, mgbe ọ ka na kokpiiti, froze.

Mgbe a oge ka a akwụsị na a nwụrụ anwụ stupor pilot rutere dọkịta. Unmoved site Jimmy sveshennoy n'akụkụ isi mere ka ya sikwara ike njite mkpu: "Ọ ka dị ndụ!".

Ee, a oké racer ọ dị ndụ, ma ọ nwụrụ na mbata n'ụlọ ọgwụ n'ihi na nke egwu olu mgbaji ọkpụkpụ na-egbu egbu isi unan.

Ọ bụ iri atọ na abụọ afọ ...

Na-akpata ọnwụ

Ná mmalite, a mara ọkwa na Dzhim Klark furu efu akara. Mgbe ahụ, e asịrị na ọ bụ nke n'azụ ekpe taya - punctured ma ọ bụ deflated. Ma nke ahụ emeghị kọwaa ihe mere ajọ ọdachi. Nke bụ eziokwu bụ na-enwe a technical kpatara, ahụmahụ na-agba na-adị mfe ike iduzi nke ugbu a ike na iji kwụsị anụ ntị ala. Ma ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụghị ime, ọ dị mkpa anya n'ihi na ndị ọzọ nkọwa ezi uche, "Formula 1" kpakpando ọnwụ.

Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ gachara, mgbe ogologo orú arọ na iri, ọ hụrụ na ndị na-akpata ọnwụ nke Clark ghọrọ a oké njọ malfunction nke ụgbọ ala. Dịcha, ọ nyawara n'azụ nkwusioru, n'ihi ihe na-agba ọsọ ụgbọ ala kwụsịrị ịbụ-erube isi ma na-achịkwa ụgbọala na ọkachamara aka nke a ọkachamara.

cheta

On ọnwụ nke Jimmy mwute na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị enyi ya na ụlọ ahịa, na ọbụna rivals, ghara ikwu banyere ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na Fans na admirers. Onye ọ bụla chere na Scot Wezuga onyinye onye na-agba ike merie ihe karịrị otu aha. Anyị na-eche banyere ya dị ka a mma, bụrụkwa ezigbo enyi ma dị umeala n'obi a nsọpụrụ onye.

Ma n'ebe ebe Dzhim Klark e gburu, a ncheta cross set.