Formic aldehyde. Nkwadebe formic aldehyde

Formic aldehyde ma ọ bụ formaldehyde - bụ a colorless gas na a nkọ, wetara ihe e ji mara ísì ụtọ. Ọ bụ ukwuu soluble na mmiri na alcohols. Formaldehyde bụ ukwuu na-egbu egbu na nwere ike ime ka ahụ mmadụ ọnya. Ke adianade do, ọ na-atụle a carcinogen.

Formaldehyde - mbụ so a homologous series, nke na-agụnye aliphatic formic aldehyde. Formic acid nwekwara egosipụta Njirimara nke otu a.

chemical Njirimara

Formaldehyde bụ ike na-arụ niile nke Jeremaya mere nke bụ ihe e ji mara nke homologous usoro nke aliphatic aldehydes. Tinyere na nucleophiles. Ọ na-ejikọta ya na mbenata mmadụ. Nke a bụ tumadi n'ihi na eziokwu na formaldehyde bụ ala elektrọn njupụta na carbon atọm. N'ihi nke a mma nke ihe owuwu ọ bụ nnọọ mfe ịbanye chemical Jeremaya mere na ọbụna ndị kasị-adịghị ike nucleophiles. Nke a na-akọwa eziokwu ahụ bụ na okenye formic aldehyde a hụrụ na a hydrated ala.

mmepụta ndibọbọ

Na okwu a dị nnọọ mfe usoro. Formic aldehyde na a chemical asụsụ anya dị ka nke a: HCHO. Isi ulo oru na usoro nke ya mmepụta - bụ ọxịdashọn nke methanol. Nke a mmeghachi omume a rụrụ iji a silver mkpali. Chọrọ okpomọkụ - 650 degrees. methanol ọxịdashọn pụtara na ikuku nsogbu.

Usoro a bụ ugbua nnọọ ogologo oge na-eji n'ebe nile. Ọ na-ọma mụtara. Odika 80% formaldehyde nwetara site na ihe oxidizing mmeghachi omume nke methanol. Otú ọ dị, nke a abụghị nanị ụzọ. A na-adịbeghị anya ọ malitere ọbụna ihe ọzọ ekwe usoro. Ọ dabeere na ojiji nke ígwè-molybdenum akpali. Na nke a na-chọrọ okpomọkụ larịị na-ebelata ka 300 degrees, na a na-fọrọ nke nta halved.

Ọzọkwa mara bụ ọzọ ulo oru usoro - na ọxịdashọn nke methane. Na aziza a kama mfe usoro: formic aldehyde a nwetara na a mgbali nke 1-2 MPa na 450 degrees. The mkpali e aluminum phosphate.

ngwa

Methanediol - okenye formaldehyde solution, nke na-akpata protein denaturation. Nke a àgwà na-enye ohere na ojiji nke umi dị ka a tanning gị n'ụlọnga ke imewe nke akpụkpọ anụ ihe. Ọ na-n'ọtụtụ ebe na na mmepụta nke Film-fim. N'ihi na ike tannic Njirimara formaldehyde a maara dị ka ihe antiseptik. Ọ na ọtụtụ-eji nkà mmụta ọgwụ. Dabere na ọ na-emepụta dị otú ahụ antiseptik preparations, dị ka "Formagel" na "Formidron". N'ihi na ezi a ogologo oge, formic aldehyde eji na usoro ndu maka nchekwa nke biomaterials, dị ka anụmanụ na akụkụ ma ọ bụ ozu.

Ugbu a, inweta formic aldehyde uru osisi na, n'ezie, na ngwá ụlọ ọrụ. Ọ na-eji maka mmepụta nke resins melaminokarbamidoformaldegidnyh. Ha na-eji imewe nke urughuru osisi, plywood na ndị ọzọ ụlọ ihe.

Mgbe ịchekwa formic aldehyde ga-ahụ kwuru na okpomọkụ n'okpuru 10 degrees ngwọta na-aghọ urukpuru na a na-acha ọcha ịkpali egosi. Ọzọkwa, formaldehyde na-meghachi omume na oxygen. N'ihi ya, kpụrụ n'ihi na ndị ọzọ mebiri emebi branching yinye initiators.

na-egbu egbu Njirimara

N'ihi ya, formaldehyde na-akwadebe site ọxịdashọn nke methanol na methane. Obi abụọ adịghị ya, na o nwere a zuru ezu elu ogo toxicity. Formic aldehyde isi na-emetụta ndị mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe onwunwe. Site na nke a umi na-ata ahụhụ na omumu akụkụ. Ma, n'ezie, mgbe mgbe, akara airway mmebi, anụ na anya.

Formaldehyde dị ize ndụ site na eziokwu na o nwere a na-adịghị mma utịp ke CNS.

Formic aldehyde nnọọ na-egbu egbu - 60-90 ml umi (dabere na arọ), ha tọrọ atọ n'ime, na-akpata ọnwụ. Mgbaàmà nke nsi na-agụnye:

• general prostration;
• paleness nke anụ integument;
• amagh onwe;
• CNS ịda mbà n'obi;
• iku ume ọkụ ọkụ;
• oké isi ọwụwa;
• cramps, karịsịa n'abalị.

Formic aldehyde mmetụta na ahụ mmadụ

The ojiji nke formic aldehyde na mmepụta akpatakarị mgbanwe degrees nsi nke ọrụ. Na ike inhalation ọnya, ntụgharị site inhalation, kwuru, conjunctivitis na nnukwu ụdị bronchitis, nke na mgbe ụfọdụ na-eduga ná akpa ume edema. Symptomatology na ruo ogologo oge ikpughe formaldehyde ga nanị na-amụba. Mgbe a obere oge, e nwere ihe ịrịba ama nke mmerụ na CNS ịda mbà n'obi. Ọ ga-egosipụta mgbe nile dizziness, na-eche nke egwu na-ebilite, na gait aghọ adịghị akwụsi ike, na n'abalị a na mmadụ nwere ike ịbụ ọbụna ihe ọdịdọ.

Ọ bụrụ na ndị na nsi mere site n'ọnụ, mbụ mgbaàmà ga-akpọ ndị mucous membranes nke digestive tract. Ọ ga-egosipụta onwe n'ụdị mgbu, a na-ere sensashion na akpịrị na nkọlọ. Man na-ele ike retching, ibu ibu, na-ajụ afo ga-ebu ọbara. Na oké ikpe, ịzụlite laryngeal edema hụrụ mpiaji akụkụ okuku ume na njide.

Na-adịghị ala ala na nsi na na obere kasịnụ mmadụ e nwere ike arọ ọnwụ, nke uche mmalite, visual n'ọgba aghara, ehighị ụra nke ọma, na -adịghị ala ala isi ọwụwa.

Nsi na formaldehyde

Formic aldehyde akacha hụrụ na ikuku. The ụlọ ọrụ nwere ọrụ aku ọrụ metụtara imewe nke sịntetik resins, na a na-adịgide adịgide na ogologo okwu n'ebe formaldehyde vapors omume nsi. Ọtụtụ mgbe mbụ na-arụ ọrụ ụbọchị a mmadụ akara dermatitis na ihu, aka. Ọnụnọ nke formaldehyde ke idem nwere ike hụrụ site na steeti arịa ọrịa mbọ - ha nro ma na-kenkuwa.

Eczema na dermatitis nwere ike nke anabata agwa. Mgbe mmadụ ahụhụ a nsi, ọ na-kpụrụ formic aldehyde ike uche. E nwere ihe àmà gosiri na formaldehyde njọ na-emetụta ịrụ ọrụ nke omumu usoro nke nwanyi ahu.

The ojiji nke formaldehyde na ntecha

The formaldehyde ọdịnaya na-kwere ka a ihe eji egbochi mmebi na ntecha, ma ya ịta ekwesịghị gafere 0,1%. Formic aldehyde nwere ike ugbu a na asa ezé creams n'ihi na ahu, ihu na aka.

Ọzọkwa na pharmacology, na ụfọdụ n'aka-egbochi oké sweating nwere ike bụ formaldehyde. Ya allowable ịta nke - 0,5%. Nke a na umi - a ọma antiseptik, ọbụna ndị dị otú ahụ obere obere na ọ bụ ike na-ebibi Micro-ntule. Ọ na-machibidoro ọ bụla ude na ihu ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ akụkụ nke a 5% formaldehyde. Ọ bụ fraught na ọdịdị dermatitis na nfụkasị Jeremaya. Ọzọkwa formic aldehyde na-adịghị eji na-echebekwa ịchọ mma na ngwaahịa, ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-ere dị ka aerosols na sprays.

All ngwaahịa na ha kpọọ kwesịrị ịnwe ọmụma banyere ọdịnaya nke ize ndụ bekee, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ego nke 0,05%. N'ezie, nke a ụbọchị e doo anya dị ka ihe ngwọta nke formaldehyde-emetụta anụ ahụ, ma ọ na-mara na ụmụ anụmanụ, ọ bụ ọbara ọbara na-peke peke.

Carcinogenic formic aldehyde

Ọ maara na formaldehyde na-meghachi omume na selenium, na òkè nke ukwuu lekwasị na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid. N'ihi bụ a ethersulfates-4-tetradetsilidioksan. Nke a ihe onwunwe na a mgbagwoju kpọ nhazi barium oxide hydrate na-aghọ ndị magburu onwe omo. Ọ ga-adị, ihe bụ nsogbu? Ma formaldehyde na-agbakwunyere na ndepụta nke bekee na carcinogenic Njirimara. Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ nke ihe ize ndụ ọ bụghị a guzosie ike, ọ dị mkpa iji gaa na akaụntụ eziokwu ahụ bụ na formic aldehyde bụ na-egbu egbu ụmụ anụmanụ. Dị ka ukara data nke ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị emmepe nke ụwa, na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti na ojiji nke formaldehyde ke imewe nke akọwa, resins, textiles, plastik, na omume nke cancer etuto ahụ na ụmụ mmadụ na-egosi. Karịsịa elu ize ndụ nke na-emepe emepe nasopharyngeal cancer.