Gịnị bụ almọnd na ebe ọ na-eji?

Gịnị bụ ihe almond? Olee otú iji ya? Azịza ndị a na ajụjụ ndị ọzọ banyere na ngwaahịa ị ga-ahụ n'isiokwu a.

isi ozi

Gịnị bụ ihe almond? Almọnd na-akpọ obere osisi ma ọ bụ shrub, nke bụ nke genus subgenus almọnd na piom.

Ọtụtụ ndị kweere na almond bụ a ot nut. Ma n'ezie na ọ bụ ihe dị nnọọ a drupe, nke na ya na ụdị bụ yiri nnọọ ka a drupe aprịkọt.

botanical nkọwa

Gịnị bụ almond, na ihe ya anya ka? Ọ bụ a shrub ma ọ bụ obere ukwuu branched osisi 4-6 mita elu. Ome na a osisi e nwere 2 ụdị: ịmụ ọmụmụ na vegetative shortened elongated.

almond doo lanceolate, petiolate na dlinnozaostrennoy n'ọnụ. Ma ihe ndị okooko osisi, ha na-naanị, na a ìhè pink ma ọ bụ na-acha ọcha petals, otu pistil na ọtụtụ stamens. Ka ha na-eru a dayameta nke 2.5 cm na esịnede uhie ma ọ bụ pink okirikiri ọkụ n'isi na gamophyllous bokalchatoy cup. Okooko osisi nke a osisi oge ntoju ọtụtụ mbụ epupụta.

Bụ almond mkpụrụ osisi? Ukpa, nke anyị na-ahụ na shelves nke na-echekwa, na-akpọ almond. Ọ na-enwetara site na mkpụrụ nke nchegbu osisi, nke na-akọrọ na velvety-pubescent oval odnokostyanku na leathery green na inedible uru pericarp.

Mgbe mfri eke, na-akọrọ pericarp ezi mfe iche ọkpụkpụ. Na nke a, almọnd nwere otu udi mkpụrụ ha. Ha na-kpuchie na obere dimples, na-enwe a uzo arọ nke 1-5 g, na a ogologo 2.5-3.5 cm.

ahịhịa

Ugbu a na ị maara ihe ndị almọnd. The ihe bụ isi ná guzobe a osisi a na-emi odude ke Near East, nakwa dị ka ndi agbata obi na mpaghara, gụnyere Central Asia na Mediterranean. Na ebe ndị a na ọ ama okokpon almọnd ka ọtụtụ narị afọ BC Taa, nnukwu akuku nke a shrub bụ na China, n'ógbè Mediterenian, Central Asia, na United States (karịsịa na California), na Crimea, Kopetdag, na Caucasus na Western Tien Shan.

Ọzọkwa osisi a toro ọkụ ebe nke Slovakia (na ubi-vine), na Czech Republic na South Moravia.

Almọnd na-eto eto na gravelly na nkume mkpọda n'ebe ịdị elu nke 800-1600 mita n'elu oké osimiri. Ọ chọọkwanụ ala ọgaranya calcium. Ọ nwere ike hụrụ na obere iche iche nke 3 ma ọ bụ 4 ụdị, na a anya nke 6-7 mita site na onye ọ bụla ọzọ.

Isiokwu bụ nnọọ photophilous osisi oké ọkọchị na-eguzogide ma, n'ihi na o nwere a na-mepụtara mgbọrọgwụ usoro.

Okooko almọnd (foto bushes kwuru n'isiokwu a) na March ma ọ bụ April, na mgbe ụfọdụ ọbụna na February. Ya mkpụrụ osisi chara ke ndaeyo, na June ma ọ bụ July. Ọ na-amalite na-amị mkpụrụ 4-5 afọ na karịrị 5 ọtụtụ narị afọ. Lives almọnd ruo 130 afọ.

Amụba nke osisi a na-abịa stool Ome, osisi ma ọ bụ mgbọrọgwụ suckers. Ọ na-eburu oké ntu oyi, ma na mmalite nke na-eto eto oge kama kpọrọ emetụta ọbụna obere mmiri frosts.

chemical mejupụtara

Almọnd uto, ma ọ bụ kama ya akụ, ọtụtụ ndị maara. Cores nke a akuku osisi mkpụrụ nwere nnukwu ego nke ọdụdụ mmanụ (odika 40-60%), ndi na-edozi (banyere 30%), imi, vitamin, agba? Mmiri (gụnyere carotene, lycopene, carotenoids, wdg), nakwa dị ka ndị dị oké mkpa mmanụ (banyere 0,6%). Site n'ụzọ, almond mmanụ na-ekpebi flavor nke akụ. Ọ na-emi esịnede glycerides nke linoleic na oleic asịd. The mmanụ nke e nwetara site na-emeso mkpụrụ dere a obere ego nke myristic acid na linolenic acid.

Semena Gorkogo ọhịa bushes nwere nsi. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ọnụnọ ha nke glycoside amygdalin. Mgbe cleavage nke a mmewere na ekenyela benzaldehyde, hydrocyanic acid na glucose.

Dum almọnd ndụ adịghị na-esi isi. Nanị mgbe ịcha site benzaldehyde, ha inweta a kpọmkwem esi ísì.

uru

Almọnd bụ osisi nke na-kpọrọ dị ka a na mmanụ aṅụ na-n'oge opupu ihe ubi. Okooko osisi nke a shrub na-emepụta a otutu pollen na nectar. -Atụle osisi a na-eji dị ka a ụdị oké ọkọchị na-eguzogide úkwù maka apricots na peach. Ke adianade do, ọ na-emekarị kụrụ n'ubi dị ka ihe ornamental osisi ala nchebe.

Ọkpụkpụ nke ilu almọnd na-inedible, ma nke ukwuu mgbe ha na-abụba mmanụ. Mgbe ọcha site amygdalin, ngwaahịa a e ji pulping ncha.

Mkpụrụ pomace dị otú ahụ-egbu egbu. Ozugbo kwadebere na ya curative mmiri, nke e ji mee ihe dị ka a ogwuura, analgesic na tonic. N'ihi na ọ na-eme ka ihe dị oké mkpa mmanụ na-eji ike isisi.

Ji nri

Mee sweet almond? Ezi ntụziaka na iji ndị a mkpụrụ hiri nne. Mkpụrụ nke nchegbu osisi iwesa ọhụrụ, toasted na nnu ụdị, nakwa dị ka ose na nkwadebe dị iche iche achịcha, chocolate, na ato uto, liquors na otú pụta.

Shei, na ike nke almond osisi, eji mma na agba na flavor nke na-aba n'anya. N'ihi na ọ na-arụpụta n'ọrụ carbon.

Mmiri ara ehi nke almọnd bụ a dochie anya omenala ehi ngwaahịa. Ọ bụ karịsịa-ewu ewu n'etiti vegans.

Gịnị bụ isi ihe?

N'ihi na ọtụtụ narị afọ, ndị Spanish almond horchata ọṅụṅụ dị njikere na-akụ. Ọzọkwa na ndabere nke almond mmiri ara ehi mere dainty blancmange.

Of a dịgasị iche iche nke na ato uto na ndabere nke almond nnukwu ewu ewu na mba Europe nwetara marzipan na praline. Ọ kwesịkwara kwuru na dum akụ na-ifịk ifịk kwukwara na ato uto na a chocolate shei na aki oyibo flakes.

Na ọtụtụ States, karịsịa-ewu ewu na macaroons. Ma almond ude, ọ dị oké mkpa maka nkwadebe nke ọtụtụ iche iche nke achịcha, na n'ọtụtụ ebe na-eji dị ka a ndochi maka ụtọ na-apụta.

Na Western mba, ihe niile na-elu ina si almond tapawa. Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ụdị ọzọ ka vysokozhirnoy ahuekere butter.

A ebe nke nsọpụrụ a nut esetịpụ na Indonesian na Chinese nri, na nke ọ na-atụkwasịkwara a na nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ efere, tinyere anụ ọkụkọ, osikapa, dị iche iche meats, na ndị ọzọ.

Ji na nkà mmụta ọgwụ

The nkà mmụta ọgwụ ọgbara bụ bara uru almọnd? Nyocha-ekwu na ọ bụ ihe magburu onwe akụrụngwa na a na-eji na-emepụta ọdụdụ mmanụ na osisi. Ikpeazụ ifịk ifịk ide maka ihe e kere eke nke a pụrụ iche emulsion. Dị ka maka achicha, nke a na-anọghị n'ozi-akpọ "almond bran," ọ na-eji dị ka a ọgwụgwọ na ịchọ mma ngwaahịa nakwa dị ka ilu almond mmiri.

Ọ kwesịkwara kwuru na mkpụrụ ahụ nke si osisi site oyi ma ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ịpị kwadebe mmanụ. Ọ na-eji ọ bụghị nanị na nri ma na-na-emepụta ọgwụ na senti ọrụ. Ngwaahịa a na-eje ozi dị ka a mgbaze maka camphor injectables, nakwa dị ka ihe ndabere maka ịchọ mma ọgwụ ointments. Na nke a na mmako, creams na ndị ọzọ na-esi n'aka na-ọma nro na akpụkpọ nwere mgbochi mkpali edinam.

Ka almond mmanụ nwere ike e nyere site n'ọnụ, gụnyere ụmụaka. Ọ bụ mgbe eji dị ka a laxative Nwa. Banyere emulsion, ọ na-egosi kpuchiri na emollient Njirimara.

Anyị nwere ike ikwu na-atọ ụtọ almond kernel dịwo eji ndiife na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na-egbu mgbu ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka anaemia, bronchial ụkwara ume ọkụ, ọrịa shuga, ehighị ụra nke ọma na migraine. ha na-ukwuu irè dị ka ihe antitussive na ụfụ. Ọzọkwa, almond mmanụ na-eji dị ka a ogwuura ọgwụ n'ime na ọrịa obi, dị ka gị n'ụlọnga nke enwekwu agụụ nakwa dị ka ihe mgbochi mkpali ọgwụ na a akpịrị akpịrị, oyi baa na flatulence, na-externally - si bedsores.