Gịnị bụ luminol? Olee otú luminol n'ụlọ

Ụfọdụ bekee, na-ewere akụkụ dị na chemical Jeremaya mere, nwere ikike emit ìhè. Ọ bụla na-amu amu mmiri ọgwụ ozugbo arụpụtara ndị mara mmiri mmiri. Isiokwu a ga-atụle nke ahụ bụ luminol, otú e si esi n'ụlọ.

Gịnị bụ chemiluminescence?

Ọtụtụ ndị Jeremaya mere na onwu ime na ntọhapụ nke ike. Na kasị nwere, ume a tọhapụrụ ka okpomọkụ. Na mmeghachi omume nke alkali na acid ngwọta na-ewe iwe. E nwere otu ebe na ike nwere ike na-egosipụta onwe n'ụdị eletrik (nwere na electrochemical mkpụrụ ndụ). Na combustion ike nke reactants na-ghọrọ ka okpomọkụ na ìhè.

Ma e nwere ndị Jeremaya mere na nke ìhè emission emee, ma ọ dịghị na-abawanye na okpomọkụ. Nke a na onu na-akpọ chemiluminescence. The kasị glaring atụ - oyi site na-egbukepụ egbukepụ. Ọ ga-kwuru na ọtụtụ chemical Jeremaya mere hapụ "oyi ìhè" oxidized organic ogige. Oxidants na-emekarị-eme oxygen ma ọ bụ hydrogen peroxide.

Na ọdịdị, na e nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị pụrụ emit ìhè. Ma, ọtụtụ ndị na-egbukepụ egbukepụ nwetara bụ nnọọ na-adịghị ike na ike ga-ahụrụ naanị na pụrụ iche akụrụngwa.

Na-egbuke egbuke ma mara mma chemiluminescence ike nke na a dịtụ obere ìgwè nke organic na inorganic ogige. Na Ihe Nlereanya ndị na-esonụ ihe: luminol, siloxy, lofin, na lyutsegenin difeniloksalat.

Gịnị bụ luminol?

Luminol e synthesized na Germany na 1902, ma ezigbo aha ya bụ mgbe e mesịrị. Ọ bụ a na-acha ọcha crystal ma ọ bụ ìhè edo edo na agba, ngwa ngwa soluble na polar organic solvents. Na mmiri, luminol bụ kpam kpam unyi anaghị agbasa.

Nke a organic okwu bụ ike nke na-atọhapụ ìhè mgbe jikọtara na hydrogen peroxide ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ oxidants. Na-anọpụ iche na ubé acidic mmiri mmiri, n'okpuru UV ìhè, ọ fluoresces ìhè-acha anụnụ anụnụ ìhè. Na alkaline ngwọta (hydrogen peroxide), ebe mmeghachi omume ha retara na ọnụnọ nke akpali - a site compound, metal salts nke hemin na haemoglobin - luminescence nwetara ihe jupụta na-egbuke egbuke.

The usoro mejupụtara abụọ nkebi. Acid na-ewe iwe na hydrazine na organic mgbaze na a elu esi mgbe (3-ethylene glycol). The odide nke heterocyclic usoro a nwetara 5-nitroftalilgidrazida. Nke a compound na-ebelata iji ammonium sulphide, adịru kpụrụ na luminol. The aka na ọ ga-akwadebe na laabu njikọ nke 3-Nitro-phthalic acid.

Ebe ojiji nke luminol

The umi na ajụjụ dị ịrịba ama mkpatụ na ígwè, nke bụ akụkụ nke haemoglobin. Ya mere, ọ na ọtụtụ-eji forensic ọkachamara na njirimara ọbara metụtara na fingerprints hapụrụ na idaha. Luminol na-eji ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị n'oge dị iche iche ndu research maka nchọpụta nke ígwè, ọla kọpa na cyanide.

Ebe ịzụta luminol ngwọta

luminol eri bụ ezi elu. Ọ bụ omume na-ele anya na nke chemical forums, pụrụ iche bases ma ọ bụ na pharmacies. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-amaghị ebe na-luminol, ị nwere ike ịzụta ke "Galavit" ahịa ọgwụ, nke dị na mbadamba, capsules na suppositories. A mbadamba nwere 25 mg nke sodium nnu nke luminol. 50 ml nke a 1% ngwọta ga-abụ 20 mbadamba (mbukota). The mbadamba na-ground n'ime ntụ ntụ na mgbe mmiri na-agbakwunyere ya.

The luminous mmiri mmiri hydrogen peroxide

E nwere Ezi ntụziaka maka egbuke mmiri mmiri improvised. Ma n'ihi na ngwọta kasị mma na-eji luminol, n'ihi na ọ na-enye a ezigbo adụ bluish ìhè. Tupu ịmalite, jide n'aka na-echebe ndị gụrụ ebe nke oké anụ nke ahụ ahụ, na na aka, na-eyi uwe.

Kwadebe luminol n'ụlọ oge gboo (mbụ) Ntụziaka:

• Luminol - 2-3 grams.
• Water - 0,1 lita.
• A ngwọta nke hydrogen peroxide (3%) - 0,08 lita.
• Caustic soda - 0.01 lita.
• Bluestone - 3 grams.
• E ji esiji ákwà (rubles, amamiihe akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla ọzọ).
• Glassware (flasks ma ọ bụ ite).

Nkwadebe:

• Enubanye a iko akpa na-agbakwụnye na mmiri luminol. N'ịbụ mix kristal na mmiri, nke mere na ha jirichaa ya etisasịwo.
• Iji dapụtara ngwọta e kwukwara hydrogen peroxide.
• Ihe mejupụtara agbakwunye ọla kọpa sulphate. Sulfate nwere ike dochie anya na ferric chloride ma ọ bụ nnu ọbara.
• The kasị nso-nso mejupụtara itinye caustic soda.
• N'ime ụlọ gbanyụọ ìhè. Ihe mejupụtara ga emit a na-egbuke egbuke-acha anụnụ anụnụ ìhè. Ọ bụrụ na a dị iche iche na agba, mgbe ahụ, na-agbakwụnye na ngwọta kwesịrị ekwesị fluorescent e ji esiji ákwà.

Abụọ nhọrọ:

• luminol ngwọta (3%) - 5 ml.
• Gidroperit (3%) - 10 ml.
• Na-asa ákwà omo na mmiri - 20 ml.
• potassium permanganate.
• Ọ bụla iko ite ma ọ bụ ite.

Nkebi nke ọrụ:

• The akpa wụsa luminol ngwọta, omo ntụ ntụ na hydrogen peroxide.
• Jiri nwayọọ ete ole na ole kristal nke potassium permanganate ma tinye ya na ngụkọta mejupụtara.
• Iji hụ ihe ndị luminol na otú ọ ga na-egosipụta ya Njirimara, gbanyụọ ìhè n'ime ụlọ. The mmiri mmiri ga emit a mara mma na-egbukepụ egbukepụ. Ọ bụrụ na ihe ngwọta na-oge kpaliri, ndị na-egbuke ụfụfụ na-egosi na n'elu ya nile.

Nkwadebe nke ngwọta na dimethyl sulfoxide

More na-akpali n'onwe ga luminol ọxịdashọn site ikuku oxygen na Dimexidum ọkara. Luminescence n'akparamagwa na interface nke ikuku na mmiri mmetọ ngalaba.

anyị mkpa ịkwadebe ndị mejupụtara:

• Luminol - 0,15 grams.
• Dimexidum (DMSO) - 30 ml.
• Akọrọ ncha - 35 grams.
• Ọ bụla fluorescent e ji esiji ákwà.
• High glassware.

nkebi:

• N'ịbụ agwakọta na a karama dimexide, luminol na alkali.
• The ite akara tightly na a mkpuchi.
• N'ime ụlọ gbanyụọ ìhè.
• Karama na-ejighị ya kpọrọ maa jijiji na-enweta a bluish-egbukepụ egbukepụ. Iji agbanwe agba ịgbakwunye a fluorescent e ji esiji ákwà.
• Ọ bụrụ na ndị na-egbukepụ egbukepụ tụfuru ya ìhè, ọ bụ omume na-emeghe akpa. On mbanye nke ikuku n'ime karama ihe ngwọta ọzọ na-aghọ-egbuke egbuke ma jupụta.

nri Atụmatụ

Ọtụtụ alkali na ihe ngwọta na-na-atụ aro ka ịgbakwunye, n'ihi na ọ bụ nnọọ ike igbari na odomo mmiri mmiri n'ime a oké porridge. Nkwusioru nke luminol Dimexidum na alkali nwere ike ịchekwa ruo ogologo oge. Mgbe na-agbakwụnye ihe oxidant egbukepụ egbukepụ ga-edo. Ya oge na-adabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ na gidroperita luminol na ike iru 40 nkeji. Ma site na overabundance nke luminol na-egbukepụ egbukepụ na-aghọ ike.

Ọ ga-kwuru na luminescence ihie na oge ga-adabere na ịta nke luminol. Ukwuu diluted ngwọta nye a na-adịghị ike ma ogologo-egbukepụ egbukepụ. A nnukwu ịta nke ihe onwunwe Nleta a ike ihie nke dum ngwọta. Ìhè agba nwere ike mbio-acha anụnụ anụnụ na green. Na na ano formulations nwere a ukwuu ịta nke ọbara salts nwetara akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-egbukepụ egbukepụ.

Ọ kwere omume dochie luminol?

E nwere ọnọdụ mgbe ọ dị mkpa iji dozie luminous mmiri mmiri enweghị luminol. Iji mee nke a, na-boric acid na a ole na ole tụlee nke fluorescein. Ndị bekee na-chọrọ ka mix na ikpo metal efere. Liquid ga na-egbukepụ egbukepụ na ọchịchịrị maka banyere a nkeji.

Iji ghọta ihe bụ luminol, mma na-agbalị iji nweta ya onwe gị. Dị ka okwu na-aga, mma ịhụ mgbe karịa anụ a narị ugboro. Ma echefula na ihe ọ bụla nwere na-agụnye mmekọrịta corrosive na-emerụ bekee. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji na-edebe ihe nchebe anya.