N'Ọnụ Anatomy: foto

N'Ọnụ, mmewere nke a ga-atụle n'isiokwu a, bụ "ókè" dị n'etiti na gburugburu ebe obibi na ikike na mmadụ esịtidem gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ na-ewelite a oké njọ ihe mgbochi na microorganisms, na-enye mbụ ogbo nke mgbaze na omume nke ụda.

N'Ọnụ: Mmebe na ontogenesis

N'oge na-amalite amalite na mmepe nke mmadụ ọnụ amalite ịzụlite ugbua na nke 12 ụbọchị. Anya ya na-anọchi anya protrusion ektodamụ, bụ nke dị n'etiti ntule gbasara obi na-arịa ọrịa afụ. N'oge a, ọ na-akpọ fovea, ma ọ bụ ọnụ na uji eze.

Language amalite na ontogenesis 4-5 izu. Mgbe ịta uru, ọ bụ n'ihi nke mgbanwe nke ahụ mesho arches. N'ihu mmepe nke onu uji eze, nke bụ ihe ndị ọzọ mgbagwoju anya mmewere, na-enye ohere mkpụrụ nụrụ ụtọ na mmiri ọmụmụ. Nke a bụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke ya dị. On 7th izu ke asụsụ nke uto buds-egosi. Site na mmalite nke ọnwa nke abụọ nke na-amalite amalite development enwezu guzobe nke eluigwe.

atụmatụ mucosa

Anatomy nke onu oghere (foto na-egosi ya Ọdịdị) na-anọchite anya ndị na-esonụ components: egbugbere ọnụ, ire, cheeks, ezé, goms, ducts nke emepụta asọ mmiri, tonsils na ikuku.

Ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịhụ ya ọrụ na-arụ mucosa kpụrụ multilayer ewepụghị epithelial anụ ahụ. N'okpuru ebe ọ bụ na ya na okpuru ulo akpụkpọ ahụ na submucosal. A mara mma nke na-edeghị ede epithelium bụ a elu ikike maka imu, nke a na-emejuputa atumatu ruru ya pulite oyi akwa, nakwa dị ka iguzogide mmetụta ọjọọ nke gburugburu ebe obibi stimuli na-efe efe na-ajụ.

Ojiji mucous akpụkpọ ahụ nke connective anụ ahụ na-kpụrụ mkpụrụ ndụ. Na na ọ nwere akwara endings, capillary na lymphatic arịa. Ojiji mucous na-pụrụ iche cellular akụkụ, na-emezu ihe dị mkpa ọrụ. Ndị a gụnyere macrophages, poolu mkpụrụ ndụ na plasma. Ha na-enye ndị phagocytosis nke ndị mba ọzọ ahụ, ụkpụrụ nke vaskụla permeability, njikọ nke immunoglobulins.

The onu mucosa dị iche iche na ụdị nke na-anabata ya. A na-agụnye ihe mgbu, tactile na okpomọkụ. Ma uto nke mucous anaghị aghọta. Ọrụ a na-rụrụ site a muscular ngwa nke na-edeghị ede oghere - ire.

Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ọ nwere ike kwuru na ndị mmadụ na mucosa nke onu oghere na-enye a na-echebe, plastic na mwute ọrụ.

asụsụ

Anatomy mmadụ onu oghere enye guzobere na mouthfeel. Ha ime mgbe ọ gụrụ dị iche iche ọgwụ na-pụrụ iche na-anabata ya. Kwere uto nghọta bụ kpere mmadu. Ma ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị iche isi iche. Ha na-gbara ụka, ilu, ụtọ na nnu.

Ire anabata akpọ chemoreceptors. Ha na-emi odude ke uto buds, ọ bụla nke na jikọọ na ọnụ na-emeghe ugboro. N'agbanyeghị n'ozuzu Ọdịdị nke atụmatụ, ha na-pụrụ iche. N'ihi ya, n'ọnụ nke ire na-lekwasị anabata na aghọta ụtọ, na n'ọnụ - a gbara ụka, na-akpata - elu ilu. The wider bụ ebe na ike ịmata ihe ndị nnu uto. Ọ bụ dị n'ọnụ na na n'ọnụ. Asụsụ a na-etinye aka guzobe ụda, wetting, agwọ na ilo nri.

The mmewere nke ọnụ na ezé

Mechanical Food nhazi a rụrụ site ezé. Nọmalị, ha igu 32. Na-iyi nke ọ bụla n'ime jaws odude on 4 incisors, 2 canines, 4 obere na 6 nnukwu molars. All n'ime ha bụ ndị pụrụ iche. Ya mere, na-enyemaka nke incisors na canines emee nibble nri, na na-enyemaka nke ụmụ amaala ọ gwepịawokwa mushy ala.

The peculiarities nke mpụga Ọdịdị nke ezé ya ịmata ọdịiche dị na mgbọrọgwụ, olu na okpueze. Nke ikpeazụ bụ anya nke ya na-emi odude n'elu chịngọm. The ákwà na-ekpuchi okpueze, a na-akpọ Enamel. Ọ na-atụle ihe kacha siere na ahụ mmadụ. N'olu Nleta a obere inogide onwunwe - ciment. Connective anụ ahụ na-ejuputa uji eze nke a eze bụ pulp. Ọ ndokwa akwara ozi, lymphatic na ọbara arịa. Ya mere, ọ bụ site na ike nke pulp emee na ezé ibu.

Olee otú e guzobere a owuwu nke onu oghere? Bookmark ezé pụtara ọbụna okpụkpụ nwa. Ma ha na-egosi mgbe 6 ọnwa mgbe amuchara nwa. A ngụkọta nke 20. Ha bụ mmiri ara ehi, ruo afọ 10 na-dochie anya constants. Ọhụrụ na-eto eto amamihe ezé na-egosi na 25 afọ. N'ihi na a mmadụ, ha na-a throwback kemgbe efu ha uru ke N'ezie evolushọn.

anabata

Ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ekwu na ọnụ na oghere bụ banyere 2000 uto buds. Na nzaghachi nnata nke ihe oriri ha na-iwe. The n'ókè nke na-si otú a kpụrụ, na akwara ozi na-zitere site na a pụrụ iche na ngalaba n'etiti nke ụbụrụ cortex. Ebe a na-guzobere a n'echiche nke uto.

N'ihi na ihe niile ndị mmadụ, ọ bụ n'ezie n'otu n'otu. Ire kọwaa uche mbata. N'ihi na dị iche iche na ọgwụ na ọ bụghị otu ihe ahụ. The kasị elu ọnụ ọgụgụ maka ilu, ala - ka gbara ụka. Na ebe a bụ nnu na-atọ ụtọ onye kacha enyi otu.

Chemical ọgwụgwọ nke nri

Anatomy nke onu oghere na pharynx dị otú ahụ na ha bụ ndị ka na-na ụfọdụ bụ isi esite nri mgbaze. Kpọmkwem nri, onyinyo ya ma ọ bụ ọbụna isi akpali salivation. Nke a na-eme site glands, ducts nke emeghe n'ime onu oghere. Na asu cleavage nke mgbagwoju carbohydrates mfe neutralization nke microbial, moisturizing na kpuchiri bolus. Next, na-eji asụsụ ọ na-kewapụrụ akpịrị, na-akpụ akpụ n'ime nkọlọ na afo.

The mejupụtara nke asu

The nkịtị Njirimara nke asu bụ a colorless mmiri mmiri mucous anọgidesi. More karịa 98% nke ya ọdịnaya nke mmiri. Cleavage nke mgbagwoju shuga n'ókè-enye asu enzymes - maltase, amylase na lysozyme. Nke ikpeazụ ihe rụrụ nwekwara a nchekwa ọrụ iche iche pathogens na-agwọ ọrịa nke ọnụ na ọnyá.

Asu nwekwara mucilage, nke a na-akpọ mucin. Ọ na-enye hydration na kpuchiri nri. N'ihi ya, n'ibu, chemical na nri nhazi anamde kpọmkwem onu oghere. Anatomy nke digestive usoro a n'ụzọ zuru ezu jikọtara ọrụ rụrụ.

Olee otú asu

Usoro asu mpiaji emee. N'ihi ya "na-amalite" mkpa anabata iyatesịt nke onu mucosa. Nke a na-enye ịrị elu akwara esi gboo, nke na-ahụ zitere ka salivation center nke medulla oblongata. Ndị dị otú ahụ a usoro bụ Ọọ.

Ma ọ bụrụ na naanị ihe anyị were a gbara ụka lemon ma ọ bụ flavored achicha, mgbe ahụ na n'ọnụ ozugbo amalite salivate. Dị otú ahụ stimuli bụ ime.

N'ihi ya, na-edeghị ede uji eze, ebe mmewere e enyocha ke ibuotikọ emi, ndị na-esonụ na ọrụ:

• iji chọpụta àgwà na uto nke-oriri;
• n'ibu na chemical nhazi nke oriri;
• ozize megide pathogens substandard ngwaahịa;
• bolus guzobere;
• gbawara mgbagwoju carbohydrates n'ime mfe.