Gịnị bụ platelet? Gịnị bụ ọrụ ha na ahụ? Nke ọrịa platelet ụba

Platelet ndị bụ obere na-abụghị nuclear kpụrụ ọcha ọbara. Ha na-aka na hemostasis (a mgbagwoju nke Jeremaya mere iji na ịkwụsị ọbara ọgbụgba na ịdọ aka ná ntị). Platelet dị gburugburu ma ọ bụ oval ke udi. Na dayameta nke cell bụ n'etiti abụọ na anọ microns.

Na ọbara arịa, platelet mere ndokwa ná mgbidi ma ọ bụ na n'ọbara. Nke abụọ ahụ, mkpụrụ ndụ ndị na a na-ezu ike ikwu na nwere a disk udi. platelet ebighị na-eme ka na-agbanwe ha iche: mkpụrụ ndụ na-sphericity na kpọmkwem ụdị protuberances (pseudopodia). Site ndị a Filiks bụ ike nke na ọbara ọcha n'ịgbaso onye ọ bụla ọzọ ma ọ bụ na mgbidi arịa na-enwe mmebi. Nke a na onu na-akpọ aggregation (ịrapagidesi). Platelet, Ọzọkwa, nwere Njirimara adhesion (cohesion), degranulation (ntọhapụ nke ọdịnaya), clot retraction (ma ọ bụ zuru ezu nkewa nke belata ọbara clot si ọbara). On ya elu, mkpụrụ ndụ na-enwe ike anabata fibrinogen, a umi biologically ifịk (serotonin), anticoagulants, na dịghịzi okụre (ekesa).

Site adhesion na platelet aggregation enye hemostasis na obere-caliber arịa (mkpụrụ ndụ akpọkọtara na saịtị nke mmebi). Ka stimulants coalescence usoro ndị adrenaline, thrombin, collagen, serotonin. Na òkè nke thrombin bụ guzobere Filiks (pseudopodia). Platelet pellets nwere clotting ihe (serotonin, peroxidase enzyme platelet fibrinogen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), serotonin, platelet-ewepụtara ibu na-akpata, von Willebrand akpata).

N'oge retraction ọbara clot emee adhesion na fibrin filaments ma hapụ trombostenina nke emen na ha. N'ihi bụ a akara na-agbagọkwa na eri, si otú na-akpụ a bụ isi thrombus.

Analysis nke ọbara kpụkọta ikpebi coagulation kwa. Weere a nkịtị ịta nke 180-320 puku kwa milliliter.

Ọ bụrụ na platelet na-amụba, mgbe ahụ na e thrombocytosis. Ndị dị otú ahụ a ọnọdụ nwere ike na-egosi a -adịghị ala ala ọrịa nke ọrịa na-efe uwa, etuto ahụ, ọbara ọrịa. Thrombocytosis nwere ike ime ka guzobere egbochi mkpụkọ nke ọbara na arịa. Ọ bụrụ na platelet na-amụba, ọ bụ ike ahụ bụ dehydrated. Ndị dị otú ahụ a ọnọdụ nwere ike triggered site vomiting, erughị eru ọmụmụ oriri, stool aghara.

Ịta nke platelet n'ime ọbara nwere ike ịdị iche dabere na oge nke afọ ma ọ bụ ụbọchị. Ẹsụhọde na cell ọdịnaya pụrụ hụrụ na ịhụ nsọ oge ma ọ bụ ime. Ọtụtụ mgbe platelet ụba mgbe ahụ siri ike.

Thrombocytosis nwere ike ime ma ndị okenye na ụmụaka. Amụba platelet ịta pụrụ isi ma ọ bụ nke abụọ.

Children thrombocytosis guzosie ike mgbe mwepu nke congenital abnormalities.

Ná mmalite ụba platelet, a na eritremii, ala ala myeloid leukemia na ndị ọzọ na ọbara ọrịa. Ịba ịta nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara-ejikọta ya na ihe osooso nke nkewa nke precursor (megakaryocytes). Usoro a bụ ihe e ji mara nke ịza mgbanwe.

Secondary thrombocytosis ahụrụ na ọrịa ịda site ụba mmepụta nke thrombopoietin (polypeptide hormone).

Platelet nwere ike mụbara na ọnyá afọ, akpa ume ụkwara nta, ọrịa articular ọnya agwa extrapulmonary ụkwara nta, amyloidosis, osteomyelitis, imeju imeju na ndị ọzọ na-adịghị ala ala mkpali pathologies. Thrombocytosis emee na ndabere nke mmepe nke ịza aza etuto ahụ, hemorrhages, mgbe ụfọdụ nwa ntụpọ.