Gịnị bụ usoro na afo, na ọnụego nke nupụsịrị

Mgbaze - bụ a mgbagwoju multistage n'ahụ usoro n'oge nke nri (isi iyi nke ike na nri maka ahu), natara site digestive tract, dabara n'ibu na chemical ọgwụgwọ.

Karịsịa usoro mgbaze

Mgbaze agụnye n'ibu (wetting ma na-egweri) na chemical imegharị ihe maka iji. The chemical usoro na-agụnye a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke soje nkebi nke ekewa mgbagwoju bekee na mfe ọcha, nke na-ahụ etinye obi gị dum n'ime n'ọbara.

Ọ na-abịa na obligatory òkè nke enzymes na mee ngwangwa ndị Filiks ke idem. The akpali emepụta site na digestive glands na akụkụ nke juices secreted site na ha. Education enzymes na-adabere na ụdị nke na-ajụ na afo, onu oghere na n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke digestive tract ka atọrọ ka otu oge ma ọ bụ ọzọ.

Ebe gafere ọnụ, pharynx na nkọlọ, nri abatakwa afo dị ka a ngwakọta nke mmiri mmiri na particulate ezé solids. Nke a ngwakọta bụ n'okpuru nduzi nke gastric ihe ọṅụṅụ n'ime mmiri mmiri na ọkara mmiri mmiri uka nke na-juputara weere ruru peristalsis mgbidi. Next abịa duodenum, ebe ọ bụ n'ihu nhazi enzymes.

Ọdịdị nke ihe oriri na-adabere na nke na-ajụ na ọnụ na afo a ike. Nọmalị, na-edeghị ede oghere alkalescent gburugburu ebe obibi. Mkpụrụ juices na ime ka a ọnụ ke onu mmiri mmiri onye Onyenwe anyị + (3.0) na e guzobere ihe acidic gburugburu ebe obibi. Ngwaahịa nwere ammonium na urea (menthol, cheese, mkpụrụ), asu pụrụ iduga na alkaline mmeghachi omume (onye Onyenwe anyị + 8,0).

Ọdịdị nke afo

Afo - a oghere ngwa na nke nri na-echekwara, ikpe gbarie na etinye obi gị dum. Organ dị na elu ọkara nke abdominal uji eze. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-enweta a vetikal akara site otube na ngụgụ, odika 3/4 nke afo na-ekpe nke ya. Okenye, na olu nke afo bụ na nkezi 2-3 lita. Mgbe ewe a nnukwu ego nke ihe oriri ọ na-etolite, na ọ bụrụ na ndị mmadụ na-agụụ na-agụgbu - na-ebelata.

The udi nke afo nwere ike ịdị iche dị na ya ndochi nri na, haruru ka nke ọma dabere na ala nke gbara agbata obi akụkụ: pancreas, imeju, eriri afọ. The udi nke afo na-emetụta ụda mgbidi ya.

Afo bụ ogologo nke digestive tract. N'ọnụ ụzọ bụ a sphincter muscle (pyloric valvụ) - Òkè efu na ihe si na nkọlọ n'ime afo. Part, n'akụkụ na saịtị nke n'ọnụ ụzọ na nkọlọ, a na-akpọ gbasara obi. Iji ya n'aka ekpe bụ ala nke afo. N'etiti akụkụ a na-akpọ "gastric ahụ."

N'agbata antral (N'ezie) na ngwa na duodenum bụ ihe ọzọ nche ọnụ. Ya oghere na mmechi akara nke chemical stimuli tọhapụrụ site obere eriri afọ.

Akụkụ nke ihe owuwu nke afo mgbidi

The mgbidi nke afo na-agbakọta na atọ n'ígwé. The n'ime oyi akwa - a mucosa. Ọ Nleta folds, na ofụri elu kpuchie glands (e nwere ihe nde mmadụ 35) na-emepụta afo acid, digestive enzymes haziri maka chemical nhazi nke ihe oriri. The ọrụ nke ndị a glands na-ekpebi nke na-ajụ na afo - alkaline ma ọ bụ acidic - na-ike a akpan akpan oge.

Submucosa nwere a mara mma oké Ọdịdị penetrated ndị irighiri akwara na ọbara arịa.

The atọ oyi akwa bụ a siri ike n'ọbọ na mejupụtara ezigbo emep uta eri mkpa maka nhazi na push nri.

N'èzí afo kpuchie oké shei - peritoneum.

Gastric ihe ọṅụṅụ: Ọdịdị na atụmatụ

Isi ọrụ na ogbo nke mgbaze-arụ a gastric ihe ọṅụṅụ. The glands nke afo na-iche iche na Ọdịdị, ma isi ọrụ ke guzobere gastric ọmụmụ play mkpụrụ ndụ secreting pepsinogen, hydrochloric acid na mucoid umi (imi).

Digestive ihe ọṅụṅụ bụ uncoloured mmiri mmiri odorless na-ekpebi nke na-ajụ kwesịrị ke afo. O a akpọ acidic. The ọmụmụ na nchọpụta nke pathologies nkà Easy iji chọpụta nke gburugburu ebe obibi dị na oghere (na-ebu ọnụ) na afo. Nke a na-na nkịtị acidity nke ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ebu ọnụ bụ dịtụ ala, ma, ọ bụ nke ukwuu na ụba mgbe kpaliri secretion.

A onye ana-a nkịtị nri n'ụbọchị emepụta 1.5-2.5 lita gastric ọmụmụ. Ihe bụ isi usoro na pụtara na afo - bụ mbụ gbawara na-edozi. Ebe ọ bụ na gastric ihe ọṅụṅụ na-emetụta ndị secretion nke akpali nke usoro nke mgbaze, ọ na-aghọ doro anya ụdị nke gburugburu ebe obibi nke afo enzymes na-arụsi ọrụ - na acid.

Enzymes emepụta site na glands nke gastric mucosa

Pepsin - a isi enzyme nke digestive ihe ọṅụṅụ, bụ idem ke mmebi nke na-edozi. Ọ na-emepụta site n'oru nke hydrochloric acid si ya precursor - pepsinogen. Pepsin bụ banyere 95% nke gastric ihe ọṅụṅụ gbawara ọrụ. Ókè ya elu ọrụ, na-ekwu kpọmkwem ihe atụ 1 g nke ihe onwunwe bụ zuru ezu iji awa abụọ gbara 50 n'arọ nke egg-acha ọcha na mmiri ara ehi curdle 100,000 lita.

Mucin (gastric imi) bụ a mgbagwoju Nchikota bekee nke protein malite. Ọ na-ekpuchi gastric mucosa ofụri elu ma na-echebe ya site na abụọ n'ibu mebiri na site autodigestion nke inwe ike imeda ihe nke hydrochloric acid, ndị ọzọ okwu - neutralize.

Afo bụkwa ugbu lipase - enzyme na mgbari abụba. Gastric lipase maloaktivna ma na-akasị na-emetụta ndị mmiri ara ehi abụba.

Okwu ọzọ na kwesịrị a aha - ọ na-akwalite absorption nke vitamin B _12, biermerin. Cheta na vitamin _B12 dị mkpa maka nyefe nke ọbara haemoglobin.

Ọrụ nke hydrochloric acid na mgbaze

Hydrochloric acid activates gastric enzymes ma na-enyere mgbaze nke-edozi n'ihi na ọ na-eme ka ha zaa, echikwapụ. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-egbu ndị bacteria abanye ahu na nri. Hydrochloric acid na-wepụtara na obere doses, n'agbanyeghị nke na-ajụ ke afo, ọ na-etisasịwo na nri ma ọ bụ bụ ihe efu.

Ma, ya secretion bụ dabere na oge nke ụbọchị: ịtọ kacha nta ozo nke gastric secretion hụrụ n'oge 7 na 11 am, na kacha - n'abalị. Na nnata nke nri afo acid secretion a kpaliri site na ịba ụba nke ọrụ nke vagus akwara gastric distension na chemical-eguzogide mmiri nri na mucosa.

Gịnị bụ usoro na afo a na-ewere ọkọlọtọ, na-ahụkarị na ndiiche

Ekwu okwu nke na nke na-ajụ na afo nke onye ahụ dị mma, ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na dị iche iche akụkụ ahụ nwere dị iche iche onye Onyenwe anyị + ụkpụrụ. N'ihi ya, ndị kasị ibu uru bụ 0,86 onye Onyenwe anyị +, na nke kacha nta - 8.3. Standard ọtụtụ nke acidity na afo na ihe efu afo bụ hà 1.5-2.0; ke n'ime elu nke mucous oyi akwa egosi onye Onyenwe anyị + 1,5-2,0, mgbe omimi nke a oyi akwa bụ - 7.0; njedebe nke afo dịgasị 1,3-7,4.

Ọrịa nke afo mepụtara ka a n'ihi ihe ahaghị nhata nke acid na neyolizatsii na bụ kpọmkwem dabere na ụdị na-ajụ ke afo. Ọ dị mkpa ka onye Onyenwe anyị + ụkpụrụ mgbe niile nkịtị.

Ruo ogologo oge hypersecretion nke hydrochloric acid ma ọ bụ ntụpọ kislotoneytralizatsiya eduga ubara acidity ke afo. N'otu oge ịzụlite daa ọrịa nke acid.

Low acidity njirimara hypoacid mgbu (gastroduodenitis), cancer. Egosi mgbu na belatara acidity bụ 5,0 onye Onyenwe anyị + na ndị ọzọ. The ọrịa tumadi na-amalite mgbe mkpụrụ ndụ nke gastric mucosa atrophy ma ọ bụ ha dysfunction.

Mgbu oké secretory erughi

The daa ọrịa emee na ọrịa tozuru okè na nká. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụ nke abụọ, na-emepe emepe na ndabere nke ọzọ, tupu ọrịa ya (eg, benign gastric ọnyá) na bụ n'ihi nke ọ bụla na-ajụ na afo - alkaline, na nke a.

Maka mmepe na N'ezie nke ọrịa e ji na-anọghị nke a doo anya seasonality na ugboro ole nke exacerbations, ntụgharị oge nke ha omume na oge na-ejighị n'aka.

Mgbaàmà nke secretory ọdịda

• Ịnọgide belching na rere ure na-uto.
• Ọgbụgbọ na vomiting n'oge nnukwu.
• Anorexia (ọnwụ nke agụụ).
• Mmetụta nke na-arọ na epigastric mpaghara.
• Nwetụ afọ ọsịsa na afọ ntachi.
• Flatulence, ụzụ na mịnye ke afo.
• Dumping syndrome: mmetụta anya ntughari mgbe ingestion nke carbohydrate oriri na-adị n'ihi na nso nnata nke chyme si afo n'ime duodenum, na mbenata gastric ọrụ.
• Arọ ọnwụ (uka Mbelata ruo a ole na ole kilogram).

Gastrogennaya afọ ọsịsa nwere ike mere site na:

• maldigested nri abanye afo;
• a nkọ ahaghị nhata na usoro nke mgbaze nke dietary eriri;
• accelerated gastric nsị mebiri nke mmechi nke sphincter ọrụ;
• mebiri bactericidal ọrụ;
• abnormalities nke pancreas.

Mgbu na nkịtị ma ọ bụ elu secretion

Nke a na ọrịa bụ ihe nkịtị na-eto eto. Ọ nwere a bụ isi agwa, ya bụ, mbụ mgbaàmà na-egosi na mberede na-enwe ndidi, dị ka iso, ọ na-adị na ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ gosiri na ụfọdụ erughị ala na subjectively weere onwe ha ike. The ọrịa emee na nwetụ exacerbations na respite, na-enweghị a akpọ seasonality. Iji chọpụta kpọmkwem nchoputa ọ dị mkpa ka ha hụ dọkịta, o wee họpụtara ule, gụnyere ngwá ọrụ.

Na nnukwu na-adọ, na-adịkwaghị mgbu na dyspeptic ọrịamkpokọta. Pain na-emekarị n'ụzọ doro anya metụtara eziokwu, nke na-ajụ na mmadụ afo n'oge nri. Pain syndrome emee fọrọ nke nta ozugbo mgbe a nri. Obere ichegbu na-ebu ọnụ mgbe e mesịrị mgbu (oge ụfọdụ mgbe nri), ikekwe a Nchikota-ya nile.

Mgbaàmà nke ụba secretory ọrụ

• Pain a na-emekarị nke dị nwayọọ, mgbe ụfọdụ, esonyere nsogbu na ibu na epigastrium.
• Mbubreyo mgbu bụ ufiop.
• Dyspeptic syndrome gosipụtara burp "gbara ụka" ikuku, onye wetara uto ke inua, nụrụ ụtọ na-anaghị ekwe, ọgbụgbọ, vomiting aka mgbu.
• Ọrịa na-enwe nrekasi obi, mgbe ụfọdụ, o nwekwara oké.
• nsia dyspepsia syndrome gosipụtara afọ ọsịsa ma ọ bụ afọ ntachi.
• Na-emekarị kwuru na koro ndị mmadụ n'elu syndrome, ji ime ihe ike, na ọnọdụ mgbanwe, ehighị ụra nke ọma na pereutomlyaemostyu.