Ikpokọta oghere

Lens - uzo ahu nke e bounded abụọ * Tụkwasị na-ebupụta. The isi mma bụ ikike nke oghere na-enye na-achị ihe oyiyi ahụ. Ha nwere ike ịbụ ihe e chepụtara echepụta ma n'ezie, abịazi nọdụ na ogologo, belata ikpọ. The linear akụkụ nke image mgbanwe dabere na ọnọdụ nke ihe.

Mbugharị oghere - ruru nke linear image ihe na ihe ahụ size. The magnification akpata (K) nwere ike kwupụtara nke usoro: K = u / v, ebe ị bụ anya si oghere ihe, na v - anya si oghere ka onyinyo. The magnification akpata bụ a ezu nke otú linear akụkụ nke ihe na ibu ma ọ bụ nta image size.

Na sayensị, e nwere ihe ndị dị ka achịkọta oghere na diverging. First thicker n'etiti na thinner na nsọtụ, nke abụọ - niile na Kama nke ahụ. The anya m na-ji a Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe ogologo (site ngwa anya center na Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe: na diverging oghere, ọ bụ na-ezighị ezi, na na na ikpokọta - mma), na ngwa anya ike nke na-tụrụ na diopters. The Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe ogologo nke otu mita bụ 1 diopter. The ngwa anya ike na-adabere na curvature radii nke * Tụkwasị oghere ebupụta, na ihe onwunwe (Refractive index nke ya) site na nke a na-mere. Ọ bụ mmegwara nke Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe n'ogologo.

The ikpokọta oghere a na-akwanyere ya ùgwù site na-achụsasị:

1. Nakọtara ìhè.

2. The n'ọnụ nke thinner n'etiti.

3. Ọ bụ a collection of a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ịgbasa n'etiti a oghere (ma ọ bụghị n'ọnụ) nke zita prisms.

4. na-elekwasị anya oghere (ie n'ókè nke nrutu nke ụzarị mgbe refraction, emi odude na isi ngwa anya axis), bụ ezigbo (bụghị chepụtara echepụta), dị ka ụzarị irutu onwe ha, kama ha n'ihu.

5. The ike na-anakọta ụzarị merenụ n'elu na otu isi, bụ nke dị n'ofe nke ọzọ nke oghere.

6. The ikpokọta oghere nwere ike na-edu ka isiokwu site ọ bụla ọzọ, na ebe na ibé ga-kpọkọtara, ebe ndị dị otú ahụ a oghere nwere ihe abụọ na-elekwasị anya. On ngwa anya axis nke n'ihu ma n'azụ foci na-emi odude na ma n'akuku-ya na Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe dị anya site na oghere isi mgbe.

Materials maka anya m

• quartz iko. Ọ na atụmatụ elu okpomọkụ-eguzogide ma na bandwit ultraviolet ụzarị. Dị ka ọ bụ inert ọtụtụ ọgwụ;

• sịlịkọn. Nke a ihe onwunwe na-agwakọta elu dispersion enwe a nnukwu zuru uru nke Refractive index na nso nke infrared radieshon, full opacity na anya nso nke ụdịdị dị iche iche;

• organic Polymers. Site n'ịkpụzi ọ bụ ekwe omume ike ọnụ aspherical anya m, nke na-eji na-adịbeghị anya ugboro. Soft kọntaktị anya na-eji ophthalmology, na-mere nke ihe-enwe biphasic okike. Silicone-gidrolievye linzyblagodarya oxygen permeability na elu hydrophilic Njirimara nke Nchikota ike ga-eji nọgidere maka a ọnwa;

• ihe ndị ọzọ.

ụdị anya m

Ịnakọta anya m na-ekewa n'ime 3 ụdị:

• biconcave;

• plano-convex;

• a concave-convex.

Mgbasa anya m na-na-ekewa 3 ụdị:

• biconcave;

• plano-concave;

• convex-concave.

The anya m nwere ike ịdị mfe, na nwere ike ikpokọta site na ọtụtụ - na-ewu ụdị ụfọdụ nke mgbagwoju ngwa anya na usoro. Lens usoro, mere ndokwa na a anya, onye anyu-adaba na-akpọ a kpọt.

The ojiji nke anya m

Ha na-dị mkpa maka imewe nke telescopes, microscopes, maka anya abuo, ese foto, projectors, ngwa anya nlegharị anya , wdg The anya m na-eji ọtụtụ ke ophthalmology, dị ka ọ dị mkpa ka mmadụ na ọhụụ ntụpọ dị ka myopia na hyperopia. Ọzọkwa, otu ikpokọta oghere a na-eji dị ka a etokwa iko.