Kamenetz-Podolsk ebe e wusiri ike: photo, akụkọ ihe mere eme

Kamenetz-Podolsk Ebe e wusiri ike, a makwaara dị ka outposts of Christianity, e wuru na nzube nke ịgbachitere na-akpọ Turkish akwa na-eme na njikọ na ọrụ n'etiti Chile na ochie obodo.

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Ọkà mmụta ihe ochie nlezianya mee nnyocha a. Na ha mmechi, obodo ewusiri wuru na otu ebe na IX-XII narị afọ Detinets na aro nke ụwa, dị ka nke ọma dị ka a mgbidi nke osisi. N'ihi ha, ọ na-echebe site na a mmezi onye bi na ụmụ amaala nke Galicia-Volyn ihe gbasara onye isi.

Ebe now na-anọchi ndị Kamenetz-Podolsk wusiri ike gbara ya gburugburu site na e wusiri ike nke nkume XII-nke Iri na Atọ ọtụtụ narị afọ. Na na 1240, e nwere pụtara agha na ndị Batu, onye gēbipu mgbidi, obodo na ndị bi na ya.

Ihe karịrị otu narị afọ ebe a, we buru eze na Mongol-Tatars. Na 1362 a agha wee ebe na Blue Waters, dị ka a N'ihi nke a ndị mwakpo e meriri. Ha kwatuokwa ndị agha Algirdas, nyere iwu n'ala ka Kamenetz-Podolsk wusiri ike (Khmelnytsky mpaghara) bịara n'okpuru akara nke ya nwanne.

mmepe

Mgbe a na mpaghara bụ n'okpuru ikike nke Lithuanian ọchịchị 1363-1430-ies, e nwere mgbanwe na ndụ nke ebe e wusiri ike - na-arụ ọrụ iji weghachi ya. Ahịa na a ma ama buuru onyinye, n'ihi na nke na ọ bụ ike na-anakọta ndị dị mkpa nchikota maka omenala nke ebe ewusiri ike nke ya ịrịba ama dị n'ile anya. Na mgbakwunye na ụgwọ aka poopu, darivshie "ebere nke St. Peter."

Mgbe Vytautas nwụrụ, infighting daa n'etiti ya nketa. Dị ka onye na-achị na-jikwaa iji chọpụta n'ala ebe e wusiri ike Kamenetz-Podolsk adahade a hour, bịara n'okpuru ikike nke Commonwealth maka oge site 1434 ruo 1793rd afọ.

Na na afọ 1672-1699. Ebe a na-achị ọchịchị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman. Ọ na-ama ahụ mere ka a paragraf amanye mkpa usoro ọrụ, n'ihi na ọ bụ ebe nke na-Polish n'ógbè, nakwa dị ka obodo eze na ọnọdụ.

mgbanwe

N'okpuru ịchịisi nke Polish ochie e wusiri ike-nnukwu ụlọ Kamenetz-Podolsk e ubé gbanwetụrụ. E nwere ndị rụrụ nwughari - otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu mere na 1621 na ọ na-ada site na T. Schomberg, bụ onye rụrụ ọrụ ike imeghari ka aha ya bụ mgbe nke ogbunigwe nchebe.

Na n'etiti ndi-agha, nke e kere n'etiti Polish ndị mmadụ na Turks si 1672 na 1676 afọ, otu n'ime mwakpo biri na kwenye nke ndị obodo. N'ihi ya na-ebibi ma na ụlọ elu abụọ.

Ma a nkeji iri na ise nke a na narị afọ mgbe e mesịrị, Kamenetz-Podolsk ebe e wusiri ike nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na-adade ke isiokwu e laghachi Poland. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ngwụsị nke udo nkwekọrịta Karlovitskogo.

Ugbu a, a bụ ndị dị otú ahụ a siri ike pụtaara Ndị Kraịst, dị ka ọ bụ na mbụ. Ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ anya ugwo ya ọgụ ike na-ekwe omume na-ebu na-agbachitere. Facilities on rekonstruirovali ekwesịghị ọchịchị ego.

The mgbanwe nke ike

Malite site 1793, ala ahụ bụ nke nọ n'okpuru nchịkwa nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu site 1795 bụ Central n'ókè nke Podolia. Mgbe Russian-Turkish agha ahụ na 1812, na steeti ala akp kwupụta ndịda. Mgbe ahụ e wusiri ike Kamenetz-Podolsk esesịn ibu bụghị dị ka ihe dị mkpa maka agha na nzube, na ya mee ka a agbazi alụmdi ụdị.

N'oge Ụwa Mbụ ọzọ anyị nwere na-eche banyere ozize - ebe a bụ ụlọ ọrụ nke Front n'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ-Russia. Na 1917-1923 gg., Mgbe agha obodo tiwapụrụ, ndị ọchịchị na a ọtụtụ ugboro gbanwere. Chịrị ebe a na mba na Ukraine, na Bolsheviks, na Austria na German agha. Na 1919-1920. E nwere mgbe mgbe obodo a ọbụna ẹkedọhọde isi obodo nke Ukraine mgbe ọ chịlie aka elu nke ndị ọchịchị nke UNR na Directory of Kiev.

mkpa

Na 1928, Kamenetz-Podolsk wusiri ike natara ọnọdụ na omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme idobere nke mba dị mkpa. Ma, mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ ebe a e merụsịrị mebiri emebi, n'ihi na e nwere ndị bombings na di ọku ọgụ.

Ugbu a, ọ bụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme idobere nke mba dị mkpa, nke bụ otu n'ime ihe ncheta nke ụwa omenala, gụnyere ke UNESCO nketa. Nke a Ọdịdị nwere ike kọwara dị ka keerughi, n'ihi na mgbalị nke constructors, na n'ọnọdụ ndị dị mma kere eke. Ya mere, na ndị bi na Middle Ages, ọbụna kwuru na aka nke Chineke na-ewu ndị a wusiri ike.

E nwere ná mkpọda ugwu nke elu elu, miri ndagwurugwu na ọtụtụ track Smotrych River, na-eru 250 m n'obosara. Karịsịa ihe nile a ọrịrị mgbidi mma na loopholes. N'ihi ya chụọ n'ọrụ egbe nke oké ike - niile na nkera nwere 10 cannons na tarasnitsa.

Old Castle - obi, nke Korug toro dị ike na-apụghị imeri emeri ebe e wusiri ike Kamenetz-Podolsk. Photo ị pụrụ ịhụ na isiokwu naanị a obere n'ókè igosi ịdị ukwuu nke obodo ụlọ. nnukwu ụlọ quadrangular ụdị. Odude n'ime a mechiri emechi ebe, nke nwere ebe 1.5 hectare. Ya perimeta na-mma na 11 elu.

mkpa ụlọ

Otu nke na-echebe owuwu n'ebe ndịda bụ Tower Papal. Ọ na-bred nke dịkarịrị nso na n'aka ekpe nke ọnu-uzọ. Ya wuru na oge n'etiti 1505 na 1515 afọ. Iji hụ na ọrụ ngwaọrụ e ji, natara si Pope.

Na XIX narị afọ ebe a ugboro atọ e ji eji Karmelyuka US, onye ndú nke ndị na-enupu isi ije nke nkịtị. E nwere ise tiers, na-achọ onye nwere ike kwuru na mbụ na nke abụọ nwere a ngalaba ke udi nke a square, na-esote ụzọ - na octahedron, na ndị ikpeazụ - nke cylinder.

E wezụga ebe e wusiri ike, e nwere ụlọ elu n'ụdị a okpu. Ọ e tọrọ ntọala na XIV narị afọ. Mgbidi na-wuru nke mere na ha na-etolite a cylinder, na ulo-elu bụ a cone. Na 1544 ọ na-enwe ya modernization - mesikwuru ntọala plaster kpuchie facades, esịtidem Itie wepụrụ na wuru mpụga, si n'ebe ugwu. Mgbe agha ahụ dara n'etiti Turks na okporo osisi na 1672-1676 gg., The ụlọ elu idiọk mebiri emebi. Na mbụ, ọ bụ nnọọ elu, ma taa anyị nwere ike ịhụ naanị 22 m nke ya elu.

na-akpali ụlọ

Ọrụ dị mkpa na-egwuri site ụlọ elu ulo tęczyński, nke e wuru na mmalite nke XV narị afọ, na njikọ na ya oghere maka mbata nke ulo tęczyński J. Kraków, nke na-ahụ maka ndị kwesịrị ekwesị ịrụ ọrụ nke e wusiri ike, nakwa dị ka ihe na nche nke na-na ya.

Ọ bụ ihe na-akpali ebe ụlọ a - Ọ bụ atọ ebe na-akarị ókè nke Old Castle. Ya mere, ka ya na nchekwa bụ elu ke XVIII narị afọ, ndị ụlọ elu dara n'ụra na anọ EBIONITISM. Ugbu a, ọ adahade 21 mita.

Na-anọ ọnọdụ nke ọnụ ụzọ na-emi odude Caressing ụlọ elu nke elu anọ na-cylinder engine, nke e wuru na n'oge XV narị afọ. Ọ na-echekwa na uru nke ndị bishọp. Ịtọ ọcha. E nwere a Latin e dere bụ nke kwuru na a ezigbo enyi bụ ihe siri ike ịhụ karịa ịhụ Phoenix. Nke abụọ EBIONITISM nke ihe owuwu gbanwere na 1544 N'ihi na nke a, e nwere a steepụ dị n'ime mgbidi, nke kpuchie plaster. The anọ larịị e ji agha na nzube. The ugbu a elu elu nke 22,5 m.

Ihe odide kasị ochie nke ụlọ

Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, e nwere ụlọ elu Day, nso n'ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ ahụ. Ọ bụ okenye karịa ndị ọzọ nile, dị ka e guzobere XII-XVI narị afọ. Ọ nwere a akụkụ anọ udi na a otutu loopholes. N'ihi ya na ekwu maka usoro nzube. Mgbe n'elu nke superstructure ya e mere nke osisi, nke na-eje ozi dị ka a rata site na nke ogwe-anapụta elu nke ọhụrụ ụlọ elu. Ihe na-akpali zuru ezu bụ na ụlọ nwere dịghị ụlọ.

Big Tower e guzobere 1544 na bụ kasị na ebe ewusiri ike. Ya perimeta ise ihu. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke a ozize - n'agha ebe a na-esetịpụrụ ndị a ngwá agha. Na 1672, ndị Turks rụrụ ihe gbawara, n'ihi na nke ụlọ taa ahụhụ mmebi, na nnukwu ụlọ na-atọgbọ.

Ihe niile a kọwara - ọ bụ naanị ndị kasị mkpa ihe. N'eziokwu, Kamenetz-Podolsk wusiri ike grandiose, na e nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-akpali ihe.