Mercuric chloride (corrosive sublimate): Nkwadebe, Properties na Ngwa

Ọ bụ mba na nzuzo na mercury ogige dị nsị dị elu na-egbu egbu. Ke United States, ha na-aju maka ojiji na ọtụtụ ndị mma na ngwaahịa, na Canada na-gụnyere ke ndepụta nke kasị ize ndụ bekee. Otú ọ dị, ha na-n'ọtụtụ ebe na chemical ụlọ ọrụ maka imewe nke e ji esiji ákwà, ọgwụ, plastik, nakwa na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na nkà na ụzụ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị na-anọchite anya nke a na klas nke bekee bụ mercury chloride (II), nke a na mma mara n'okpuru ya abụọ aha - sublimate. Ka anyị lee nke a na ihe zuru ezu.

Formula na Njirimara

Mercury chloride 2-valent ẹkedọhọde HgCl _2. Nke a compound bụ a na-acha ọcha crystalline ntụ ntụ. Na okpomọkụ 277˚ C ọ na-amalite agbazekwa, na mgbe 304˚S - esi. Na nkịtị ọnọdụ (25 ° C) nwere a njupụta nke 5,43 g / cm ^3. Mercuric chloride sublimes mfe iche appreciable volatility. The solubility nke mercuric chloride na mmiri n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na-adabere na ya okpomọkụ. Ya mere, na 20 ° C, a ọnụ ọgụgụ naanị 6,6%, ma ọ dị mkpa na-eme ka mmiri na-a obụpde (100 ° C) na ọ esịmde 58,3%. Ke adianade do, mercury bụ ike chloride etisasịwo ke ether, asịd, pyridine; NaCl ngwọta na usoro a na-esonyere guzobe nke mgbagwoju ogige. HgCl ₂ dị ka electrolyte bụ mara mma na-adịghị ike. Na ìhè, karịsịa mgbe na kọntaktị na organic ogige, na umi na-ngwa ngwa na-ebelata ka cuprous chloride HG ₂ cl ₂ (calomel) na dara mercury.

n'ikuku

Buru ibu nke mercury chloride (II) ugbu a na-emepụta naanị site kpọmkwem njikọ nke mercury na chlorine. A abụọ usoro nke inweta mejupụtara na dissolving mercuric HgO na lekwasị hydrochloric acid (HCl). Na omume, ọ na-eji na-adịkarịghị, ukwuu n'ime - na N'ezie nke-arụ laabu ule. Ke akpa idaha, na mercury na-ewe iwe na ihe ikuku nke chlorine ka a dị nnọọ elu okpomọkụ (banyere 340˚S) mgbe edita na ọkụ na guzobere a bluish-acha ọcha ire ọkụ. Ihe vapors na-condensed n'oge jụrụ na, dabere na nkà na ụzụ nke inweta, na-etolite a ezi ntụ ntụ ma ọ siri ike iberibe.

ngwa

Ọ ga-kwuru na mercuric chloride bụ ihe mbụ umi na ndabere nke HG, nke malitere ga-eji dị ka ihe antiseptik na disinfectant. Na nke a, mercuric chloride bụ ukwuu oru oma, ma n'otu oge bụ nnọọ na-egbu egbu. Ọ bụ ike na-etinye obi gị dum site na akpụkpọ mucous membranes na-akpọkọtara na ahụ mmadụ. Tupu mgbe ahụ, mgbe ndị mmadụ amaghị banyere ihe ize ndụ site mercury chloride, ọ na-eji na-agwọ ọrịa akpụkpọ. Ugbu a, na na nkà mmụta ọgwụ ọ na-eji ndị ọzọ n'ihi na uwe-disinfection, na-asa ákwà, ahụ ike na ngwaahịa, wdg Ebe ọ bụ na a umi bụ nnọọ na-egbu egbu, ya ngwọta na-emekarị akpan e sijiri ka n'amaghị ama e weere na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ.

Na ụlọ ọrụ, na mercury chloride na-eji na electroforming, osisi ichebe, n'oge kwes metallization na bronzing. Mercuric chloride na-eji maka imewe nke batrị, na-akọwa maka mmiri n'okpuru osimiri hulls nke ụgbọ mmiri. Ọ na-eji na tanning nke akpụkpọ anụ, lithography, foto, dị ka ụmụ ahụhụ, wdg