Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt: mode nke ọrụ, na adreesị, photos

C oge immemorial obodo nke Kronstadt, emi odude Kotlin Island na Gulf nke Finland, jere ozi dị ka a nche ná mba ọzọ n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Russia na Baltic Oké Osimiri. Otú ọ dị, ọ maara na ọ bụghị naanị dị ka a agha agha, kamakwa dị ka oche nke ọtụtụ akụkọ ihe mere eme ụkpụrụ na-adọrọ mmasị nke St. Petersburg metụtara Maritime ebube.

Otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa na nnukwu ụlọ na bụ St. Nicholas Naval Cathedral na Kronstadt. Ọ na-emi odude ke obio center na bụghị naanị a ncheta nke heroism na obi ike nke Russian-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri, ma na-rụrụ nnọọ udo na ọrụ na nkịtị na ememe na-ẹkenịmde ofufe, baptism na agbamakwụkwọ.

Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt: Address

Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Kronstadt, Anchor Square, d. 1.

mode

Kronstadt Naval Cathedral, asaghe awa: kwa ụbọchị site na 9,30 ka 18,00.

Ọzọkwa, ọ bụrụ na i chọrọ, ị nwere ike nweta e na-efe ofufe, nke a na-enwe ugboro abụọ a ụbọchị na 10.00 na na 18,00.

Esi n'ebe ahụ?

N'ụzọ dị mwute, mmiri ụzọ gasị afọ a na a kagbuo ruru ala profitability, otú na-esi na St. Nicholas Cathedral nwere ike ugbu a na ala iga:

- moto nọmba 405 na Kronstadt si na ụzọ ụgbọ oloko "Black River" ịkwụsị na Anchor Square;

- № ụgbọ ala 407 na Metro Kronstadt "-Atụmanya Education 'kwụsị na Anchor ebe;

- Bus nọmba 101 na Kronstadt si Metro ebe "Old Village" ka a na-akwụsị na House of ndụ, ahụ - na ụkwụ na Soviet Street ka arịlịka Square.

totals

Ha dị Naval Cathedral Nikolaya Chudotvortsa echeta Sophia chọọchị na Istanbul. Ya Ọdịdị bụ fọrọ nke nta yiri ka Turkish okpukpe ngosi nka, ma nwere ọtụtụ nta akụkụ: ogologo Nicholas Cathedral doo 83 m, obosara - 64 m, elu nke otu (gụnyere cross) - ubé karịa 70 m.

N'otu oge ahụ na St. Nicholas ụka na isi nke ya, ike ịba banyere 3 puku ndị mmadụ.

Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt site ya size kwubara abụọ na Russia mgbe Moscow Christ Onye Nzọpụta Katidral.

akụkọ

Prerequisites maka mmalite nke na-ewu nke Katidral wee malite ịpụta na njedebe nke XIX na narị afọ, mgbe n'àgwàetiti Kotlin esesịn nwetara ọnọdụ nke a biri :.-erule n'oge a na-wuru na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, shipyards, docks, agha isi. Ma oké njọ temple, nke ga-egosipụta nrara okwukwe na nraranye nke Russian agha, ruo ugbu a adịghị.

N'ezie, Chọọchị Ọtọdọks nwere. Ma o, jiri ya tụnyere guzo nso Lutheran ụlọ ekpere bụ ya mere unprepossessing anya na isi Nkwado nke ndị na-ewu a ọhụrụ ụka na donators Archpriest Ioann Kronshtadtsky bụ mgbe niile na-ata ụta na onye isi. Dị ka ya, site na nke a na ọ bụ ike na ụfọdụ ọdịda na Russian naval ọrụ. Ke adianade do, ebube ụka na-echebe ma chebe Russia si encroachment ala ọzọ, dị ka ụlọ nsọ bụ Ẹkot otu ụgbọ mmiri, ejikwara site Jehova.

Design: 1896 - 1902 afọ.

Na 1896, site ná mgbalị nke otu n'ime initiators, osote ochiagha na ọchịagha nke na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Kronstadt N. I. Kazakova, ọrụ amalitela na emebe ọdịnihu nke St. Nicholas Katidral. Tinyere ha kpọmkwem, ndị temple bụ ime ka ebe nchekwa nke pụtara ìhè naval n'ohu na ndị ọrụ nche gburu akara nke oru.

mba mpi maka imewe nke akụkụ, nakwa dị ka ndimek a kọmitii na-anakọta onyinye maka owuwu a mara ọkwa na 1897. Ego nyere na ndị òtù nke ezinụlọ eze na nkịtị, na ndị ọchịchị nke na Navy Department. Site n'ụzọ, na nke ikpeazụ na 1898 a chọrọ na-eme 0,25% nke ụgwọ ruo afọ 1914.

Na abụọ nke mpi na Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt e nyere ya. Ịtọ oge ha dere 1897 na 1898, ihe karịrị afọ, ma ọ dịghị nke jikoro họọrọ dị ka na-eto eto na-abụghị.

Na July 1899, Nicholas II ama mma oru ngo na-adịghị mbụ abuana ke asọmpi Ai Tomishko, ma na-ewu emegide a kọmitii, na dị ka a n'ihi na-imepe gwara V. A. Kosyakovu. A afọ ole na ole mbụ, a-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ esesịn wuru abụọ yiri isiokwu temple.

Na 1901, V. A. Kosyakov ẹkenam pụrụ iche agha nzukọ abụọ osise, otu onye nke e mesịrị mma, na Nicholas II of, na Kọmitii. Future Naval Cathedral (Kronstadt) on ọrụ nke a yiri nnọọ ka akara nke Constantinople St. Sophia.

Bookmark: 1901-1903 gg.

A ebe ewu nke Naval Cathedral a họọrọ na 1898. Ha ghọrọ ndị arịlịka ebe n'ihi na nke na-esonụ atụmatụ:

- nke a nke bụ ebe obodo ahụ;

- ebe nwere dị elu ma na-echebe megide idei mmiri;

- dị ka atụmatụ, St. Nicholas Cathedral, emi odude ebe a, a pụrụ ịhụ site na niile ihe na fairway;

- a buru ibu n'ihu ebe ụlọ nsọ ga na-ejekọ ozi dị ka a Nme n'ala maka parades naval agha;

- size nke ebe dị nnọọ ezu maka nnukwu katidral.

Na 1901, mgbe nduzi e ekenyela ego maka owuwu nke ụlọ nsọ dị na Anchor Square ẹkenịmde a ekpere ọrụ. Land nsọ onwe ya Ioann Kronshtadtsky. The ihe e gara site banyere 14,000 naval isi na cadets. Mgbe ememe, malitere ọrụ na-ekpocha saịtị, nke e kere ọtụtụ ọnwa.

1902 ji mmalite nke ndokwa nke ogwugwu onu na ntọala maka Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt.

Na 1903 ọ tọrọ mbụ mgbidi. Nke a mere na May 8, na ọnụnọ nke Eze Ukwu Nicholas II, nwunye ya Alexandra Fyodorovna, nne nke Maria Feodorovna na Prince Michael, Alexis na Vladimir.

Construction na imecha: 1903-1913 gg.

Tupu mmalite nke 1905 akwụsịghị ọrụ owuwu nke Naval Katidral. Na Kronstadt, a usoro achịkwa ntụziaka nke Kọmitii, Otú ọ dị, ọbụna na elu n'ohu ike apụghị imetụta nkwusioru nke usoro, na mberede na 1905-1906 ruru ka esịtidem esemokwu. Nke a na-akpata tumadi ọdịda-ezitekwara oké mkpa ụlọ ihe: metal akụkụ, brik na ihe ịchọ mma.

Na 1907, ewu nke katidral e kpọliteghachiri malitere n'ime ime mma. The ihe ndozi emewo ogologo karịa ndị na-ewu ya.

Na 1908 anyị okokụre iji wụnye kpo oku usoro.

Na 1913 ọ rụrụ ikpeazụ ogbo nke finishing: na mgbidi St. Nicholas Cathedral enịm a ihe e dere ede na aha nke ndị nwụrụ anwụ-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri, mere nke marble. The ndepụta gụnyere niile ọrụ kemgbe 1696.

June 10, 1913 Naval Cathedral e doro nsọ na ọnụnọ nke eze ukwu na ezinụlọ ya. Ọ bụghị naanị na Kronstadt, ma na-na St. Petersburg kwadoro a magburu ememe na nsọpụrụ nke ihe omume a.

Mgbe niile na-arụ ọrụ e dechara, anyị recalculated na-eri nke na-ewu. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, e chọpụtara na nanị Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt e mefuru gburugburu 1,876 nde rubles.

St. Nicholas Cathedral n'ubọchi nke mgbanwe

Gosiri na nzube ya ụlọ nsọ nwere ike ịrụ ogologo - nanị na 4 afọ. Na 1914, ndị Agha Ụwa Mbụ, na 1918, ihe owuwu redeveloped n'okpuru ndi nkiti na-egbo mkpa, na ndị na-esonụ afọ gafere na mere n'ọgbakọ dị na contractual were.

N'oge okpomọkụ nke 1929 bụ ihe ikpeazụ ọrụ ke Naval Katidral nke Kronstadt. Mgbe ahụ, na niile fọdụrụ mgbe ndị looting nke temple onwunwe kọwara na kpọfere State Fund, na State Bank, na Navy na Russian ngosi ihe mgbe ochie.

Irretrievable ọnwụ nke ígwè depụtara-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri gold nadigh anwu anwu na marble mbadamba. Otu akụkụ nke ha a gbajiri agbaji, ndị ọzọ na - eji maka nzukọ na-arụ ọrụ.

Na 1930, ndị Bolsheviks zigara gbazee fọrọ nke nta niile hey na metal ngwaọrụ nwere ike ịhụ na temple. N'ihi na mkpu ngosi fọdụrụ naanị otu mgbịrịgba Atụlee banyere 5000 n'arọ. E nwere a version na ndị ọrụ enweghị ike ga-ewepụ. A ọnwa ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị si n'elu na-ama esịn na obe. Ugbu a ihe karịrị n'elu domes nke Katidral nke efegharị red flags.

Na 1932, ime nke chọọchị na-converted n'ime a sinima na 1939, wughachi ọzọ, ma ugbua n'okpuru House of ojii. Engineering Service ndondo mere a ịrịba onyinye ichebe nke teknuzu e ji mara nke ihe owuwu. Ịgachi mmezi enyerela ịzọpụta temple na nkwukọrịta si dilapidation na zuru mbibi.

The Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya na agha oge

Na mbata nke Nazi agha na dome nke Naval Cathedral onwem chọpụtara n'elu ikpo okwu. Ọ arụ ọrụ ruo mgbe n'ibuli nke mgbochi. N'agbanyeghị mgbalị nke ụmụ amaala n'oge agha, ụlọ nsọ nwetara a ole na ole shells, oghere nke wepụrụ mgbe e mesịrị, na mere ka ọ di na ụlọ.

Ná ngwụsị nke na-alụ ọgụ, a echiche ọhụrụ: na-ewu na Naval Cathedral egwu ulo. N'ihi ya, isi obodo na-ewu ọrụ e onwem na a ụgha n'uko, mbara ihu, ogbo na mgbidi partitions. Mgbanwe nke ogige e rụrụ ruo mgbe 1954, na ya pụta bụ a mebiri nke ike n'ezi ihe nke mgbidi ụlọ nsọ - nke ha gara ọtụtụ cracks. Na February 1955 na ụlọ nzukọ eguzobe. E nwere ndị na-enwe ná mgbede, concerts, iche iche ntụrụndụ ihe. Mgbe Mbelata agha na 60s. Ụlọ Nzukọ ọzọ ghọrọ otu n'ime alaka nke House of ojii.

Naval Cathedral: 70-ies. ta

Ke 1970, ndị nsụhọ nke ndị bi na agbanweela, na Naval Cathedral Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, e kpebiri overhaul na mweghachi. The ala were temple n'okpuru nku ya, ha kpọrọ ya ka a na omenala ncheta.

1976 ghọrọ a ịrịba ama ndị mere Orthodox ụlọ. NYEGHACHI Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt laghachi mbụ ya anya.

Na 1978 e nwere ọkụ na ụlọ nke Kronstadt-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri 'club. Na nke a ogige nke Naval Cathedral ọzọ bịara nnapụta - ụlọ ọgbakọ na-anọ nwa oge-chọpụtara na temple.

May 8, 1980, a ụbọchị raara nye ncheta nke mmeri German agha na St. Nicholas Cathedral e meghere ngosi nka, aha mgbe Kronstadt e wusiri ike. Ya ebe ubé erughị 1,000 m ^2, na na collections ahụ bụ ihe dị 3,000 ihe, nke ruru anyị si n'oge agha.

The ije na mma nke Sea Cathedral

The mputa nke ụlọ ọcha juru ebe niile Romanesque style. Facade ìhè brick agbakọta, na ogidi, portals na-akpọlite njiko, na mgbakwunye na nke multiple ji achọ ọcha na ihe ịchọ mma. N'agbanyeghị oke na nnukwu Ọdịdị akụkụ ruru ka ọtụtụ decorations, ọ na-adịghị ike a mmetụta nke adịghị eru ha ala.

The portal n'elu isi n'ọnụ ụzọ portal na-mma na Mozis oyiyi nke ndị mmụọ ozi na a see okwu si Psalm 112 "si n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ hvalno aha Onyenwe anyị!" On ma n'akụkụ abụọ belfry na gilt arches na akara ngosi na n'ihu panel.

The isi mma nke Katidral nke Oké Osimiri bụ, n'ezie, ya isi dome. Bright, nnukwu, n'ụba chọrọ mma na gold arịlịka, na-ezu ike na "drum" nke ọtụtụ okonets, ọ na-emepụta a n'ezie ebube ahụmahụ.

Nbata nwere ọtụtụ konkiri iji Cathedral of St. Nicholas. Ụzọ - oke, mma na carvings na ihe oyiyi nke ndị nsọ.

Inside echiche nke Naval Cathedral involuntarily adahade. The Central dome nke ebe a iyi ọbụna wider. Ya dayameta bụ 27 mita na elu site n'ala ruo na domes - 52 mita. On n'akụkụ aka adjoin abụọ ọzọ domes, ma na a nta size. Dịkwuo ohere na n'akụkụ nke na-emeghe veranda.

Site n'ime ụlọ nsọ na-egbu ezi ịdị ukwuu: ibu ohere replete na mosaics mere na Byzantine style. Ime na-agụnye ọtụtụ ihe onyinyo nke azụ, ahịhịa mmiri, oké osimiri inyinya, ụgbọ mmiri. Special ntị kwesịrị iconostasis na ntụpọ canvases ji atụ 52 square mita ọ bụla.

Anyị apụghị ileghara nwa marble ihe e dere ede na aha nke ndị nwụrụ anwụ ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na - niile na e butere na weghachiri eweghachi site na nchefu. Ha na-emi odude gburugburu perimeta nke St. Nicholas Katidral na ndị ya isi mma.

The ekpere ụlọ nwere atọ na ebe ịchụàjà na-nsọ na nsọpụrụ nke Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, nakwa dị ka Pita na Pọl na St. John. Ha na-enịm na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ portal. The n'ebe ugwu nakwa n'ebe ndịda na-mma na oyiyi nke anyị Lady nke Kazan na St. Mitrofanii karị. NYEGHACHI Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt nyeere wetara anyị na mgbe ụfọdụ ihe oyiyi ndị a na ha nile ebube na ịma mma.

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-enwe mmasị na nkà na ịma mma nke Naval Katidral ke nkịtị ụbọchị nwere ike ịbụ na-enweghị nsọtụ, mgbe ụbọchị nke Orthodox ememe, ọ na-ghọọ n'ọtụtụ kasịnụ. Ọtụtụ ahịrị kandụl na oriọna ka ogwe, gilt na ugegbe windo na-enwu na sparkle, egwu egwu na ukwu nsọpụrụ. Mmetụta enhances ịma mma nke na-aga n'ihu na ọrụ ma na -abụ abụ nke ụka ukwe, emi odude ke mbara ihu nke gallery. Ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ ebube na nnukwu obodo nke Kronstadt nkiri: Naval Cathedral - a ezi ihe nnọchianya nke agwaetiti Kotlin, a ncheta ndị siri gara aga nke Russia Sea na nēdebe ya mmiri n'ebe ugwu ala.

Arụmọrụ Naval Cathedral taa

Taa, St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa na-arụ ọrụ na zuru mode. Works on isi mweghachi nke ya mputa na n'ime ime mma, nakwa dị ka ime mmụọ na ịhụ mba n'anya okpukpe Shinto ọnọdụ malitere afọ 15 gara aga, mgbe n'afọ 2000 oge mbụ jụrụ nke revival nke naval omenala na nloghachi nke Orthodox ncheta na n'obi ndị Church.

Na 2002, ọdịda ke n'elu nke temple e wuru ọhụrụ nkedo na Pushkin Sofia osisi asaa mita cross. 3 afọ mgbe e mesịrị, ndị mbụ dị otú ahụ ogologo oge, na-efe ofufe adịghị na nsọpụrụ nke Ioanna Kronshtadtskogo e mere.

Aka kpọmkwem na mweghachi nke ụlọ nsọ kpọrọ nwunye nke President of Russia D. A. Medvedeva - Svetlana. Na March 2009 na Sergiev Posad Lavra na ya na-ekere òkè bụ a nzukọ nke Council maka guardianship ewu Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt, nke e banyere mkpebi guzosie eponymous ọrụ ebere na ntọala. Ugbua na May n'otu afọ, e guzobere na malitere ọrụ kwekọrọ na a na-abụghị uru nzukọ.

December 2009 bụ mmalite nke nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ nwughari nke temple n'obodo Kronstadt. Naval Cathedral, ọrụ bụ ẹkụre ewu na mma na-agụnye a nleta ndị ọbịa na parish, May 28, 2013 e doro nsọ onyeisi ndị bishọp nke Moscow na All Russia Kirill na ọnụnọ nke ọtụtụ ndị nnọchiteanya nke Russian Orthodox Church, ọha ọgụgụ, nakwa dị ka elu n'ohu ahụ Black Sea, na North , na Pacific na Baltic nsoro.

Ka ụbọchị, na tour - abụghị nanị ihe mere ileta Naval Katidral ke Kronstadt. Baptism nke ndị okenye na ụmụaka, agbamakwụkwọ, dị iche iche ọrụ - niile dị nnọọ ẹkenịmde ke St. Nicholas chọọchị, dị ka ọ bụla ọzọ na chọọchị na Russia.

M chọrọ ikwere na mwute akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ncheta bụ akpatre n'elu. Ugbu a ọ bụghị nanị na ndị Russia si niile ná mba, kamakwa ọtụtụ ndị njem nleta si nso na nnọọ ná mba ọzọ na-esi na-n'àgwàetiti Kotlin àmà ná nnukwu ebe nsọ n'obodo Kronstadt - Naval Katidral. ya mode nke ọrụ, ọ bụ ezie Standard - kwa - ma ọ bụ uru na-echeta na, na njikọ na ikpeazụ mmeghe nke Great Orthodox Holiday temple parish jupụta kpamkpam. Banyere nke a, ọ na-atụ aro na-ahọrọ ndị ọzọ ụbọchị n'ihi na a nyochaa nke okpukpe Shinto.