Viola - a une nke nwere a yiri ngwaọrụ a violin. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ubé ogologo, na-eme ya uda a ala aha. Viola ndido urụk na-ekiri na a n'ụzọ pụrụ iche. Ha na-ala nke-ise violin, cello mgbe elu octave. Viola ndetu dere treble na alto igodo.
The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke omume
The ngwá ọrụ alt atụle ihe mbụ nke ẹdude ụta. ya oge nke omume kwuru na XV-XVI narị afọ. Ngwá ọrụ a bụ nke mbụ na-agba nkịtị ruo ugbu a ụdị. Ya mere site Antonio Stradivari. The nna nna na-ewere Viola Viola ogwe aka. Ngwá ọrụ a na-enwe na-ekpe ubu. Ọ bụ uru na banyere na ọzọ nke ikwu - Viola da gamba e wee na-na ya ikpere. Italian aha nke a ngwá egwú na-ebelata na oge a Viola. Dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ, ọ na-e ẹnịm ke English asụsụ. Na German, na yiri Bratsche nwetara ya. The ngwá ọrụ alt tùa ya na millimeters. E nwere ihe nke si 350 na 425 mm. Oke nke size adabere na otú ogologo n'aka ndị ngosi. Site a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke violin Viola bụ kacha nso Viola, nyere size na ụda olu. Ya mere pụtara ngwa ngwa na ìgwè ndị egwú, nkezi olu, o sonyeere ndị nchịkọta egwu bụ nnọọ ekwekọ. Viola, si otú, bụ mmiri n'etiti n'anya nwa afọ viol na violin ngwá, nke sitere n'oge a.
game ngwá
Viola - a ngwá egwú na-achọ a pụrụ iche na Usoro. Egwu na-akpọ ya dị iche iche n'ebe onye na bụ pụta ụwa na violin. Ihe dị iche bụ na ụzọ nke ụda. Ebre Usoro ihe ole na n'ihi na nnukwu size na mkpa a nnukwu gbatia nke mkpịsị aka. The timbre nke Viola - matte, oké, na-erughị na-egbuke egbuke e jiri ya tụnyere a treble, velvety na ala ikpe, elu - ọzọ gọzie gị. The akụkụ nke ngwá egwú ikpe, adịghị izute iji. Na ọ Nleta ihe ọhụrụ timbre. Na ogologo nke si 46 ka 47 sentimita n'ogologo ngwá ọrụ nwere 38 -. 43 cm alto na nnukwu akụkụ nke dị nso na ndị oge gboo, ukwuu n'ime egwuri solo performers. Ha nwere ike na ogwe aka, na mepụtara technology. Viola ka a solo e ji dịtụ adịkarịghị. The ebe ebe a bụ a obere olu. Otú ọ dị, na-adịbeghị anya, e nwere ọtụtụ ezi Viola egwuregwu, dị ka Yuri Kramarov, Kim Kashkashian, Yuri Bashmet. Isi akporo a ngwá egwú bụ a eriri na nchịkọta egwu egwú. E nwere raara onwe ya nye Viola solo ngosipụta, nakwa dị ka usoro votu. Nke a keyboard bụ a dị mkpa ọzọ iji a eriri quartet. Ọ ga-eji dị iche iche na ulo ensembles. Dị ka ihe atụ, a piano Quintet ma ọ bụ eriri Na ma ọ bụ quartet. Violist omenala a na nwa na-enweta ya, ma na-aga na ngwá ọrụ na a dịtụ mbubreyo afọ. Dị ka a na-achị, gụsịrị music ụlọ akwụkwọ n'oge nke mbanye na egwú ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ịmafe alto akpọ violin na a nnukwu physique, obosara vibration na nnukwu aka. Ụfọdụ oké egwú nwere jikọtara ngwá ọrụ abụọ. Ihe atụ, Devid Oistrach na Nikkolo Paganini.
Famous egwú
Ngwá Ọrụ alto họọrọ Yuriy Abramovich Bashmet. Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ maara nke ọma egwú onye nyere mmasị anyị dike, ọ ga-kwuru, Vladimir Romanovich Bakaleynikova, Rudolf Borisovich Barsha Igor Isaakovich Boguslavsky Vadim Vasilievich Borisov, Fedor Serafimovicha Druzhinin, Yuri Markovich Kramarova, Tortisa Lionel, Maurice Vieux, Maxim Rysanova, Kim Kashkashyana, Paul Hindemith, Tabea Zimmerman, Dmitriya Vissarionovicha Shebalina, William Primrose, Mihaila Benediktovicha Kugelya.
ọrụ
Alto ngwá na-eti egwú na-ada na "Sinfonia Concertante" by Wa Mozart, "Sonata" Niccolo Paganini, nakwa dị ka na Berlioz, Bartók, Hindemith, William Walton, Edison Denisov, Alfred Schnittke, gf Telemann, A. I. Golovina. The Nchikota na clavier ọsọ ke M. I. Glinki, D. D. Shostakovicha, Brahms, Schumann, Nikolaya Roslavtsa A. Hovanessa. Solo nwere ike nụrụ na ọrụ Maksa Regera, Moiseya Vaynberga, Ernsta Ksheneka, Sebastian Bach, Paul Hindemith. Enweghị anyị dike adịghị mere balet site Adolphe Adam, "Giselle". Ọ na-ada na a symphonic uri site Richard Strauss ' "Don Quixote". Ọ bụghị na-enweghị ya na Leo Delibes balet "Coppelia". Ị ga-echeta opera "The Makropulos omume" Janacek. Ọ na-ada na balet Boris Asafiev "isi iyi nke Bakhchisarai".
ụkpụrụ ahụ
E nwekwara a fundamentally dị iche iche Viola - a ifufe ngwá. Ọ na-akpọ Alto. Anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere ọla ngwá. Ọ bụ ndị ezinụlọ saxhorn. Nso - A - njedebe 2. N'ihi featureless na dull ụda akporo oji a bụghị naanị ọla gbalaga. N'ebe ahụ, ọ bụ, dị ka a na-achị, debeere, n'etiti olu.