Na -edozi Lymph arịa. Lymphatics onye. Ọrịa nke lymphatic arịa

Ọ bụrụ na e a usoro ke idem, ya mere, ya bụ na ọ na-egbo. Àgwà nke ọdịnaya na-adabere na-eme nke alaka nke Ọdịdị. Ọnọdụ a nwere ike ekewet kpamkpam ọrụ mmadụ ọbara na lymphatic usoro. Healthy ọdịnaya nke ndị owuwu bụ ihe dị oké mkpa maka anụ ọrụ nke dum organism. Ọzọkwa nyochaa n'ụzọ zuru ezu, ihe ọ pụtara ọbara na Lymph arịa. Ka anyị na-amalite na nke ikpeazụ.

Isi

Human lymphatic arịa-anọchi anya dị iche iche owuwu ịrụ ụfọdụ ọrụ. N'ihi ya, tọhapụ:

• Capillaries.
• Large Kporo (thoracic na ziri ezi).
• Extra- na intraorgannye arịa.

Ọzọkwa, Ọdịdị nke ahụ muscle na ndị amyous ụdị. The eruba ọnụego na nsogbu (hemodynamic ọnọdụ) nso ndị nke ime ke venous akara. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere ihe Ọdịdị nke ahụ lymphatic arịa, ọ ga-kwuru ọma mepere emepe elu shei. N'ihi na n'ime cover flaps ii.

capillary

Nke a lymphatic arịa dị iche zuru ezu permeable mgbidi. Capillaries ike nke na-aṅụ slurry na colloidal ngwọta. The ọwa na-etolite a na netwọk, nke na-anọchi anya mmalite nke lymphatic usoro. Ikpokọta na-etolite a ibu capillary ọwa. Onye ọ bụla a kpụrụ lymphatic arịa na-aga na subclavian veins via n'olu na sternum.

Navigating ọwa nke ọdịnaya

Movement Lymph site lymphatic arịa ebu site cervical duct na venous bed. Dị ka thoracic igbapu emee na fọrọ nke nta niile (ma e wezụga ndị isi) nke ahu. Ma igba esịne ke subclavian akwara. Na ọzọ okwu, ihe niile mmiri mmiri natara site na anụ ahụ na-laghachi na ọbara azụ. Na nke a, ruo n'ókè nke na-adị ka ndị Lymph site lymphatic arịa ije, buru drainage. Mgbe imebi ime outflow nke enweghị nchịkwa ọnọdụ. Ọ na-akpọ limfostazom. The kasị mara nke ihe ịrịba ama na-agụnye ozizi na nsọtụ.

usoro ọrụ

The lymphatic arịa na ọnụ n'elu niile hụ na mmezi nke mgbe niile nke esịtidem gburugburu ebe obibi. Ke adianade do, usoro rụrụ na-esonụ na ọrụ:

• Transports si nsia nri na akwara.
• Ọ na-enye a njikọ n'etiti ọbara, na akụkụ na anụ ahụ.
• Atụ ke immunological Filiks.
• Ọ ana achi achi nloghachi nke electrolytes, mmiri, protein n'ime ọbara si intercellular ohere.
• Ọ neutralizes na-emerụ compound.

Na N'ezie nke lymphatic arịa bụ ọnụ. Ha debere mmiri mmiri. Lymph enye a mmiri mmiri Nwa na mgbochi-nyo nchedo (amị macrophages). The ụkpụrụ nke outflow eburu ụjọ ọmịiko usoro.

mmekọrịta owuwu

Emi odude ke nso ọbara, Lymph capillaries amalite blindly. Ha bụ akụkụ nke microvasculature Ọdịdị. Nke a na-kpatara a nso ọtọ na anatomical njikọ n'etiti ọbara na lymphatic arịa. Site gemokapillyarov tinye mkpa na isi umi. Si ya, n'aka nke ya, na limfokapillyary banye dị iche iche bekee. Nke a, akpan akpan, ngwaahịa nke metabolic Filiks, ndakpọ nke ogige na ndabere nke enweghị nchịkwa ọrịa, cancer mkpụrụ ndụ. Atọkwu na ọcha Lymph abatakwa n'ọbara. N'ihi ya, ọ mmelite esịtidem gburugburu ebe obibi na organism na intercellular (isi) umi.

iche owuwu

Obere ọbara na lymphatic arịa dị iche iche diameters (nke ikpeazụ bụ ibu). Endothelial sel nke mbụ karịa nke abụọ, 3-4 ugboro. Limfakapillyary enweghị a basal akpụkpọ ahụ na pericytes, agwụcha blindly. Ndị a owuwu etolite a na netwọk na-ada n'ime a na-emighị emi ekstraorgannye intraorgannye ọwa.

postcapillaries

Intraorganic efferent ọwa - ya amyous (fibrous) Ọdịdị. Onye ọ bụla lymphatic arịa nwere a dayameta nke banyere 40 microns. Endothelial mkpụrụ ndụ na ọwa na-edina na nwayọọ akpụkpọ ahụ. N'okpuru ya bụ na-agbanwe na collagen emep uta eri, nke agabiga n'ime ná mpụta shei. Postcapillary akwa ịrụ drainage ọrụ.

Ekstraorgannye bed

Ndị a arịa dị iche ibu caliber karịa aga na ndị na-atụle nke elu ọnụ. Ha bụ ndị nke owuwu nke muscular ụdị. Ọ bụrụ na ahụ elu elu lymphatic arịa (Latin - vasa lymphatica superficialia) emi odude ke n'elu mpaghara nke ogwe, n'olu, n'ihu, myocyte nime bụ ya zuru ezu obere. Ọ bụrụ na egwu na-agba, tinyere ala nke ahụ ahụ na ụkwụ, na muscular ọcha ọzọ.

Ọdịdị nke na-ajụ-caliber

Nke a muscle-ụdị ọwa. Ọdịdị nke ahụ lymphatic arịa otu a nwere ụfọdụ peculiarities. Na ha mgbidi niile atọ shei zuru ezu ọma kọwaa: ná mpụta, n'etiti na n'ime. Nke ikpeazụ na-anọchi anya endothelium dina nwayọọ akpụkpọ ahụ subendothelial (ọ dere multidirectional agbanwe na collagen emep uta eri) na-agbanwe esiwọrọ plexuses.

Valves na shei

A ọcha-ekwurịta okwu na onye ọ bụla ọzọ dị nnọọ anya. Valves ii site n'ime shei. Dị ka ihe ndabere na-eje ozi fibrous efere. e nwere ihe nke ezigbo muscle n'obi-ya. The efere na-ekpuchi endothelium. Nkezi shei ducts kpụrụ bundles nke ezigbo muscle mkpụrụ ndụ. Ha na-eduzi obliquely na circularly. Na-anọchi anya n'ọbọ n'ígwé nke connective (rụrụ) anụ ahụ. ná mpụta Ọdịdị a kpụrụ site n'otu emep uta eri. Ya ọcha na-aga n'ime gburugburu anụ ahụ.

Van Hoorne si kanaal

Nke a lymphatic arịa nwere mgbidi Ọdịdị bụ nke yiri ihe owuwu nke ala vena cava. The n'ime shei nyere endothelium na subendothelium plexus esịtidem agbanwe emep uta eri. The mbụ pụtara na intermittent nwayọọ basal akpụkpọ ahụ. Subendothelium nwere undifferentiated mkpụrụ ndụ, na-agbanwe na collagen emep uta eri, nke na-agba mbọ dị iche iche ntụziaka, nakwa dị ka ezigbo muscle ọcha. Ne shei na thoracic duct 9 a kpụrụ valves, inye onyinye nkwalite nke Lymph n'olu veins. Tunica egosi ezigbo muscle ọcha. Ha na-okirikiri na oblique direction. Ọzọkwa ugbu ke shei multidirectional agbanwe na collagen emep uta eri. The elu Ọdịdị na diaphragmatic larịị ugboro anọ thicker karịa n'ime na n'etiti jikọtara. Shei na-anọchi anya rụrụ connective anụ ahụ na-eji ire ụtọ muscle bundles, ndokwa longitudinally. Na -edozi Lymph arịa abatakwa jugular akwara. Near ọnụ nke duct mgbidi bụ thinner karịa na diaphragmatic larịị 2 ugboro.

ọzọ ọcha

N'etiti abụọ valves ewekarị dị nso Lymph arịa, ihe na-òkè. Ọ na-akpọ lymphangions. Ọ na-anọchi anya ndị muscular cuff, na valvụ imi mgbidi na-ekekọta òkè n'ezie valvụ. Nri thoracic duct na ha n'ihu dị ka nnukwu Kporo. Ndị a na ihe nke lymphatic usoro myocytes (muscle mkpụrụ ndụ) nọ na niile membranes (atọ).

Power duct mgbidi

Na elu shei nke ọbara na lymphatic arịa nwere ọwa arịa. A nta ọbara alaka diverge mkpuchi: n'etiti na elu na akwara ndị gara na veins na niile atọ. Si akwara mgbidi converge capillary ọbara n'ime veins na venules. Ha na-emi odude na-esote na akwara. Si capillaries na n'ime shei venous ọbara Nkea na venous lumen. Ike isi Lymph ducts nwere a singularity. Ọ dabeere n'eziokwu na ọbara alaka na-adịghị esonyere venous inyịme iche iche. The venules na arterioles vaskụla arịa na-adịghị achọpụtara.

Mbufụt nke lymphatic arịa

Nke a daa ọrịa a na-ewere nke abụọ. Ọ bụ a sikwuoro nke mkpali Filiks nke anụ (furuncles, carbuncles, purulent ọnyá ọ bụla) na kpọmkwem ụdị na-efe efe (ụkwara nta, syphilis, wdg). n'oge usoro nwere ike ịbụ nnukwu ma ọ bụ ala ala. Ọzọkwa secrete kpọmkwem ma na-abụghị kpọmkwem mbufụt nke lymphatic arịa. The ọrịa e ji malaise, adịghị ike. Na ọrịa fever. A mara mma nke daa ọrịa bụ ihe mgbu na Lymph. Causative ọrịa nwere ike ịbụ ụdị ọ bụla pyogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus). Chọpụtara ọrịa enweghị ọtụtụ ihe isi ike. Therapeutic jikoro na-họpụtara dị na ogbo nke ọrịa. The sulfonamides na ọgwụ nje na-eji dị ka a mgbanwe usoro. Na elu mgbe, elu elu Lymph arịa drained site mmeghe nke ihe etuto.

akpụ

Hodgkin ọrịa - lymphoma - emetụta tumadi na-eto eto (15-10 afọ). Mgbaàmà ná mmalite nkebi nke ọrịa na-anọghị n'ụlọ, na fụrụ akpụ Lymph onye ọrịa na-adịghị na nsogbu. Dị ka ọrịa na-aga n'ihu na e metastasis. The akpụ agbasa ọzọ Lymph na akụkụ, otu nke mbụ a na-emekarị na-ata ahụhụ splin. Mgbe ahụ, ha na-amalite na-egosi ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa. Karịsịa, ọrịa amalite fever, adịghị ike, sweating, anụ itching, belata ibu ibu. Chọpụtara na ọrịa na-amụ leukocyte na biopsy ihe onwunwe.

lymphadenopathy

Ịmata ihe dị iche a daa ọrịa site na ndị ọzọ nanị. Mgbe ụfọdụ, Otú ọ dị, ọ pụrụ isi ike mgbe ụba cervical mkpụrụ ndụ. Lymphadenopathy kewara reactive na akpụ - abụghị mkpali na mkpali. Adịbeghị anya nkewa na-efe efe ma na-abụghị na-efe efe nke lymphatic arịa. Ha eso agbasa connective anụ ahụ ọrịa, allergies, ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Mere na-abawanye na Lymph ọnụ cell proliferation egosi ihe dịghịzi omume ruru otu autoimmune, anabata, na-efe efe ma ọ bụ na-egbu egbu agha aza. Against ndabere nke a akpụ dịkwuo bughi ọcha na-akpata infiltration nke ịza mkpụrụ ndụ na-ada site na ndị ọzọ na akụkụ (maka leukemia ma ọ bụ cancer metastasis) ma ọ bụ ịda na usoro na a ndabere nke ịza lymphomas na lymphosarcoma. Pathology nwere ike ịbụ generalized na mmachi. Nke ikpeazụ, ọ dị, nwere ike ime na mbụ. Ná mmalite kwuru na dị ka Hodgkin mmachi lymphadenopathy na mgbe ahụ, mgbe a mgbe, ọ na-generalized. The reactive otu na-agụnye a pụtara dịgasị iche iche nke pathologies bụ na-achọpụta ọrịa.

sarcoma duct

Nke a bụ ihe ọzọ na nke ajọ ọdịdị nke ngwọta. Lymphosarcoma nwere ike iputa kpamkpam mgbe ọ bụla afọ. Na-emekarị, ọ na-amalite na ikpọ Lymph na otu akụkụ. Akpụ usoro e ji zuru ezu elu nke progression, na metastasis akpan akpan ifịk malignancy. Ọrịa na-arịa nwere ike budata njọ n'ime a obere oge. Ọrịa na-ahụ ọkụ, ngwa ngwa mbelata arọ ahụ, abalị sweats abawanye. Nchoputa bụ histological na cytological ọmụmụ nke emetụtara Lymph ọnụ.