Oche nke Ukraine iji. Onyeisi oche mbụ nke Ukraine. Ukraine ọhụrụ president

December 8, 1991 ga-echeta na gburugburu ụwa maka a nzukọ Bialowieza Forest na Belarus, ebe nkwekọrịta e banyere on na mmepụta nke atọ Slavic mba nke USSR na e kere eke nke Commonwealth of Independent States. Site na oge malitere ifịk geopolitical mgbanwe, nke bụ nnọọ ihe mwute na-atụgharị uche niile ndị nọ na ya n'oge a. Ka anyị lee ihe bụ isi nke Ukraine. Na iji ha na-ise, ma ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-agbalị na-arụ ụka na na, ya mere na ị chọrọ ile anya n'ime ihe ahụ.

Eleghị anya ga-amalite na onye na-na na bịanyere aka nkwekọrịta on secession si USSR. Na akụkụ nke Ukraine, na ọ bụ Leonid Kravchuk, ma anyị ga-abịa azụ na ya, ma n'ihi na ugbu a, ka ọ ghara emebi na ọgụgụ oge nke ihe, ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi onye dị otú ahụ dị ka Mihail Grushevsky. Onyeisi oche mbụ nke Ukraine nwere nnọọ ọrụ dị mkpa na ihe isi ọtụtụ nsogbu. Ha na-aha ya bụ mgbe Leonid Kravchuk, na Hrushevsky na otu oge na-eje ozi dị ka onyeisi nke Central Council. Na oge a parlance, ọ bụ ọkà okwu, n'ihi na ndị dị otú ahụ ọnọdụ dị ka president, ka adịghị. Ọ na-e kwuru na draft oruru, nke e mma site Central Rada April 29, 1918. O sina dị, a onye maka Ukraine, ọ bụ nnọọ ịrịba - ọbụna maka 50 Ukrainian hryvnia egosi ya Eserese. N'oge mgbanwe ọchịchị, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na akụkọ ihe mere eme guzo "n'isi" ngwa ngwa ike ikike, nditịm-ekwu okwu, na otú ahụ ọ na-wepụ (site mgbanwe). N'ezie, ruo Ukraine usoro a nke ike mgbanwe bụ nnọọ na-ewu ewu n'oge a, fọrọ nke nta niile ndị isi nke Ukraine na iji na-gbanwere n'ụzọ dị otú a.

ụbọchị Mwere Onwe

The Verkhovna Rada nke Ukraine SSR na 1991 August 24 nakweere-eme ihe, nke na Ukraine na-ekwuputa onwe. Ná mmalite, ndị Ụbọchị Mwere Onwe nke Ukraine kwuru bụ 16 July (ma ndị na-esonụ afọ, ke 1992, e kpebiri ịgbanwe ya ka 24 August). N'oge na-adịghị mgbe onwe ya na ndị referendum e nyere ihe karịrị 90% niile votes igba. December 1, 1991 bụ ugbua ihe nọọrọ onwe ha ala na-enwe ya nke mbụ ya kpọmkwem president ntuli aka Ukraine, nke Leonid Makarovich Kravchuk natara karịa 61% nke votu.

Kravchuk otuto dị nnọọ ka a katọrọ. Na-adịghị mma ntule bụ tumadi n'ihi na eziokwu na ọ na-a bu ozugbo mkpebi, ozugbo "jụrụ" nke Russia na nke kacha nta nke mmekọahụ, ma akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ma ekele ya phenomenal ike awụgharị n'etiti eguzogide na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị agha, o jisiri na-Crimea ihe n'ọdịnihu dị ka ihe kwurula Republic, bụ nanị akụkụ nke Ukraine. Dị ka o kwuru onyeisi oche mbụ nke Ukraine Kravchuk, ọ gbalịkwara ime ka ihe niile na-Ukraine nweela onwe ya n'udo, na-enweghị-awụfu ọbara.

The ụzọ nke mbụ president: mmalite

Kravchuk bụghị mgbe niile aghụghọ na ọkà ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị president, nwata na-eto eto Leonida Makarovicha na party na ọrụ bụ oké njọ. Ọ na-eji na-echeta banyere 50 grams nke halva, nyere nne ya na ya ọmụmụ ma ọ bụ na wuru osisi skates. Ọzọ, o biri na a mahadum obibi na 12 ụmụ okorobịa, ma isi ike nile na-aga nke ọma hapụrụ mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kwagara Chernivtsi Financial ụzụ School na-akụziri na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na aku na uba na 1958. Na oru nile nke party aghọwo nnọọ mma, na-ebi ndụ na 1991 - mfe.

Onyeisi oche mbụ nke Ukraine na-aghọ a ziri ezi nanị mgbe nraranye. N'ihi Leonid Kravchuk na ndi otu ya, nke a bụ a dị nnọọ mkpa ọrụ, dị ka o mere na nke mbụ. Kwesịrị ịdị, ọ dị mkpa na-iyi ka oruru nke na oge, ma ọnụ, ọ na-chọrọ inye iyi na Peresopnytsia Gospel, dị ka ọ bụ n'oge ahụ ndị kasị ochie okpukpe Shinto nke Ukraine. N'ihi na eziokwu na mgbe mba ukwe na e mebeghị ya ike, na-ekwe ukwe a kpọrọ, onye rụrụ "Chineke ukwu, n'otu, anyị na-Ukraine." N'ihi ya ukara na akụkụ ahụ, na onyeisi oche mbụ nke Ukraine eze were onodu.

The abụọ president

Etieibuot Leonida Makarovicha kere a dịtụ mkpirikpi oge, na July 1994 na abụọ gbaa gburugburu, ọ na-egbughị oge ọ bụla nke ugbu a Prime Minister Leonidu Danilovichu Kuchme. Okwu ahụ bụ "na-enweghị uru, na-efu - na anyị na-eti mkpu" nwere ike n'ụzọ zuru ezu ekewet nke abụọ akaụntụ a president na nwa akwukwo. The ndepụta ya rụzuru bụ nnukwu iji Ukrainian ndị mmadụ nwere ike n'ụzọ zuru ezu mpako nke na truest uche nke okwu "enweteghi" na ya. N'otu oge ahụ, na a na ndepụta nke ya ọdịda dị ka "looms dị ka ihe eyesore", n'ihi ya, e nwekwara ndị na-emegide ya atumatu.

Rụzuru na Ọdịda

Afọ iri nke ya n'umu ka isi nke ala (n'etiti a bụ ndị fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ oge nke niile) President Kuchma nwere ike igbochi "crazy" onu oriri, ebe mgbe ida nke USSR, Ukraine bụ na a miri emi nke ukwuu aku onu. The President bụ n'ezie nyeere ndị ahịa aku na uba na ụwa nke oge a Ukrainian mmekọahụ na ụwa. Site ya mgbanwe na mba na-adịghị rịdata na-ala nke aku na uba.

Na 1996, a na-adịgide adịgide na ike ego ẹkenam, nke bụ aha nke hryvnia. Dị ka ndị ọkachamara, ọ na-aka ike na mba aku na uba. Kuchma zochighịkwa eziokwu na-aga n'ihi na EU, ma n'otu oge, ọ dịghị ya ọsọ ọsọ na-agbaji nso agbatị na Russia, na-egosi na ọtụtụ nkwekọrịta. Otu n'ime ndị a bụ ndị na-akpọ Big Treaty, nke e kwetara na imekọ ihe ọnụ n'etiti mba abụọ na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke isi ụlọ ọrụ na ebe na isi uru Ukraine onwe ya, na-eme ya a na-fledged ọkpụkpọ na ụwa ogbo.

Ma e nwere ụfọdụ n'ime Kuchma na "na-erughị eru" omume, ụfọdụ unproven, na ndị na-pụtara, mfe "hushed elu". Otu n'ime ha nwere ike a ga-kwuru na iji igbu achọghị Kuchma nta akụkọ Georgiy Gongadze, na "gwuru n'okpuru ya" na nwere nnọọ otu nnukwu unyi, nke nwere ike ime ka nsogbu ndị siri na mgbe president. On a ụgwọ Kuchma na-adịghị biri, na 2004 ndị iwe iwe, na dị ka osisi "Krivorozhstal" e rere ka nwa-ya-na - Viktor Pinchuk. Na oge Kuchma ghọrọ juru ebe nile na nrụrụ aka na oligarchy. Mgbe ahụ - ka a ọtụtụ mpụ ikpe nke riri ego nke ọha na eze ego na nwara ịgbanwe iwu nọrọ ruo a atọ na okwu. Ma ọ dịghị ihe bịara ya, na ọgwụgwụ - esote president ntuli aka, na nke Viktor Yanukovych meriri.

Viktor Yanukovych na Orange mgbanwe

Na president ntuli aka nke 2004-enweta nkwanye ga-eme n'ọdịnihu president nke Ukraine Yanukovich. Na ihe niile dị mma, kama ọ bụ nzukọ nke a uka mkpọsa nke ngagharị iwe na ada itie ke Ukraine isi obodo, Kiev, on Independence Square. Mgbanwe, mgbe e mesịrị kpọrọ ndị "oroma", hazie site na-akwado nke Viktor Yushchenko, n'ihi na nke a mara ọkwa Central electoral Commission nke results, na nke mmeri nke Viktor Yanukovych. Ha kwuru na ike dị iche si data eksit-nghoputa fè podovdom maka mkpebi re-jide a abụọ gbaa gburugburu, nke bụ oge kpọrọ ihe "atọ". Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na a mgbanwe jere ozi dị ka a n'ihu tiwaputara yiri agba revolutions na Georgia, Turkey, na ugbu a China. Ya mere, nke-atọ gburugburu gosiri na kwaa Viktor Yushchenko, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ekele na-ya nhọpụta dị ka President Viktor Yanukovych esesịn malitere na ndị isi nke na-ekwu, dị ka Russia na Belarus.

N'ihi ya, ọ bụrụ na ụfọdụ n'ime obodo Western mba ndị enweghị mmasị na Ukraine na emeghị ọbụna mara ebe a na obodo a bu, mgbe a gbanwesịrị ọchịchị, ọ ama ererimbot ama. Ka ọ dịgodị, January 23, 2005 Victor Yushchenko wee ṅụọ iyi nke Peresopnytsia Gospel na oruru nke Ukraine, nakwa dị ka ihe niile ndị isi nke Ukraine (na iji ọ bụ atọ). Mgbe ahụ, ọ gara square ma nye a na-enwe mmeri okwu.

Board Victor Yushchenko

N'oge ya n'umu Viktor Yuschenko gosiri na a supporter nke rapprochement na United States, NATO na EU. N'oge ya onyeisi oche, e a nnọọ ike ezumike niile agbatị na Russia: ime mmụọ, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba. Ọ chọrọ iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka Russian gas, iji mezuo na a mkparịta ụka na ọnọdụ nke onye nwe Black Sea na-anọ na ya na Black Sea Fleet nke Russian Federation.

President Yushchenko, na-eru na post of isi nke ala ma na-zuru ike, mgbe ọ ka n'okpuru anuri nke Orange mgbanwe, ozugbo wepu ha posts niile ndị mmadụ si aga ọchịchị na-eji dochie ha na ndị na-akpali ya. Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko natara iwu igbari nzuko omeiwu. E mere nke a site Yushchenko iji kwadebe maka Omeiwu oche nke ndị ikom ya. N'oge a, e nwere a gbawara n'etiti ke "oroma mmekota". The na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nsogbu na-eto eto asịrị na "Gazprom" a ndabere. N'ihi ya, president enweghị oge obibi na nsogbu na obodo, na ọ dịgodị mmegide Viktor Yanukovych ( "Party nke Regions") na Petro Symonenko ( "Communist Party nke Ukraine"), ọnụ na Yulia Tymoshenko ( "nna") achọ impeachment nke president.

Yulia Tymoshenko na ya otu malitere "untwist" Come atụmatụ Yushchenko bịara mara nnọọ ọtụtụ nke na-akpali banyere awarding buru ibu nke ọha ego site privatization na shei ụlọ ọrụ, ihe atụ nke a - "Rosukrenergo." N'oge ya onyeisi oche Yushchenko jisiri kesaa a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke enọ na na iwu nke dubious n'uru fọrọ nke nta niile ndị ikwu ha.

Mgbe a mgbe ọ na-aghọ doro anya na ihe ọ pụtara nke impeachment nke president bụ, dị ka ya fim bụ nnọọ ala (n'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ọ nọ na-enwe olileanya na-agba ọsọ nke a nke abụọ oge), n'ihi na eziokwu na ọ bụghị n'ebe dị anya ntuli aka, nke ugbua depụtara Yulia Tymoshenko na ya isi iro - Viktor Yanukovych.

laghachi

Na 2010, ndị na-abịa president ntuli aka bụ fọrọ nke nta doro anya na ọhụrụ Ukrainian President ga-Viktor Fedorovich Yanukovich. Elections na-enwe na abụọ agba. Dị ka atụrụ anya, ndị ndú kwetara "Party nke Regions" na "nna". N'ihi ya, na February 14 mgbe agụta nke votes, o doro anya na mmeri nke Viktor Yanukovych. N'oge na-arara president nwere a ole na ole na-akpali mgbe a na-adịghị ike na-esi pụọ uche nke ndi oru nta akuko na-emegide nke Yanukovych. Dị ka ogologo oge dị ka ga-eme n'ọdịnihu president nke Ukraine Yanukovych na-akwadebe maka ya nraranye, ụbọchị abụọ tupu mgbe ahụ ncheta nke founders nke Kiev ruru ka corrosion nke metal dara Horeb ọgụgụ na agba (Kyi, ǹtì, Horeb - founders nke Kiev). Ụfọdụ nke a na-enwe ike eke agbụ na forthcoming doro nke ọnọdụ nke Verkhovna Rada. Ma ọ bụghị naanị na a fun omume. N'oge mgbe a na-eme n'ọdịnihu president wee banye nzuko omeiwu ụlọ, n'ihu ya na mberede malitere na imechi ọnụ ụzọ.

kwere nkwa iji nweta

Dị ka niile gara aga president, board Yanukovych malite na e kere eke nke vetikal mmadụ gburugburu president. Ọ na-akpọ ya na-emegide "lie ndị onyike" maka na-arụpụta ọrụ. Si otú malitere na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mkpagbu nke Yulia Tymoshenko na Yuriy Lutsenko, onye e mesịrị mara ikpe na ikpe a mkpọrọ a dịgasị iche iche nke isiokwu. Kwesịrị ịdị, Viktor Yanukovych ume niile na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bu n'obi na nke a, ma kwere na ya anaghị eme nke ọma.

Banyere President Yanukovych, mgbe ahụ, anyị na-apụghị ikwu na n'oge ọchịchị ya ọ ruru ọ bụla na-arụpụta. Nsogbu bụ na, na iche niile gara aga president, o nwere a akpan akpan N'ezie bụ bụghị ike agbatị na West, na na mmepe nke mmekọahụ Russia, nke bụ mmasị karịsịa "pro-European" iwu. N'ihi ya, na-esote president ntuli aka Ukraine-ebe na ndabere nke a ọhụrụ mgbanwe.

ọzọ mgbanwe

Ugbua na njedebe nke 2013 - mmalite nke 2014 anyị na-enweta a European mgbanwe ma ọ bụ "ebube mgbanwe", ebe ochie na ọhụrụ ndú nke "Maidan" kpebiri dịrị n'otu iji na-eji mgbanwe ịgbanwe ọchịchị. Ha nwere ọ na-enyo - na dị ka a n'ihi nke Yanukovych efehede si mba. Na onodu nke agha na-amalite na-akwadebe maka ọzọ ntuli aka, na-ama na e nwere na asịrị ahụ Poroshenko - President of Ukraine.

Petro Poroshenko

Fọrọ nke nta na ọ dịghị onye nwere obi abụọ na otu nke nọ n'ọrụ ndú nke "Maidan" ga-abụ ndị president. Ma Petro Poroshenko, ọ na-amaghị ọtụtụ ndị dị ka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ma ihe dị ka a na-azụ ahịa, onye nwe maara nke ọma confectionery ụlọ ọrụ Roshen. Fọrọ nke nta niile, ma e wezụga Pita Poroshenko, bu oru na-aga ime ka onyeisi oche nke Ukraine. The ndepụta bụ nnọọ iche iche. The na-aga ime ka onyeisi oche methyl ọbụna Darth Vader - nwa akwukwo nke "Internet Party nke Ukraine", ma a napụrụ na ikpeazụ oge. The ịtụ vootu ejighị akụkụ nke Crimea, dị ka n'oge nke bi na ya tozuru oke na a referendum isonyere Russian Federation, na, n'ezie, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ógbè Ukraine - Donetsk na Luhansk region - ruru ka na-aga n'ihu ndị agha arụmọrụ ke ikpehe emi. Nraranye nke President of Ukraine Poroshenko, dị ka Yanukovych, bụkwa na-enweghị ya na-akpali oge. Mgbe Poroshenko-eje ije ala red kapeeti na Verkhovna Rada, otu n'ime ndị agha ndị nche nke nsọpụrụ, o doro anya, ọ na-okpomọkụ ọrịa strok, nke a na ihe mere o ji ama esịn si n'aka-ya egbe na fọrọ nke nta tụbọrọ. Na nke a, ga-eme n'ọdịnihu president ije gara aga dị ka ma ọ bụrụ na na-ahụkarị.

Talk banyere kpọmkwem mgbe ahụ ka dị nnọọ n'oge, n'ihi na n'ezie n'oge agha nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ukraine bụ nnọọ ike na-enye ihe zuru ezu ntule Poroshenko. The President of Ukraine, dị ka na mbụ, na-ekwu na-àkù zuuru, na nwere-amalite ịdị jikoro n'atụghị egwu anya n'ime a na-egbuke egbuke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu.

Ndị a bụ ndị niile oche nke Ukraine ka si akpa ókè (ọjọọ chioma na-ekwu "ikpeazụ"). Ị nwere ike ji ezi obi kwere na na eziokwu na a president saga nke Ukraine, nke na a dịtụ mkpirikpi oge nke onwe jisiri na-adị ndụ a ole na ole revolutions, na dị ka ọtụtụ dị ka ise president, ga na-elekọta, na mba ga-ahụ a siri ike onye ndú. N'agbanyeghị ihe N'ezie ga-rube isi na ọhụrụ president nke Ukraine, na Western ma ọ bụ Russian, ọ bụ naanị ihe dị mkpa na ndị bi na enem, ka pensioners ụgwọ ezumike nká bụ ọnụ ahịa, na ndị nkịtị ndị - ụgwọ. Ma iji mezuo nke a, ị ga-eme mgbalị nile, na ọ bụ ezie na a ọtụtụ na-adabere na àgwà nke president, echefula banyere ndị mmadụ na ya entourage, nke nwekwara kwesịrị inwe mmasị ọ bụghị naanị na ha onwe ha mma, na-kamakwa n'ọdịmma nke ndị ya. Nke a bụ isi ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ọ bụla-akwanyere onwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọtụtụ obere onyeisi oche nke otu nọọrọ onwe ha na mba.