Polar willow: foto na nkọwa. Ọ anya dị ka pola willow na a tundra

The tundra na-adịkwaghị naanị ndị osisi na-na-enwe ike idi ahụ tara akpụ ya Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe. Tundra Okirikiri-adọ mmiri, peaty na nkume. Osisi adịghị wakporo ebe a. Ha ebe nke nkesa adịghị agbaghara n'ofè ókè-ala apịtị ebe. Northern expanses kpuchie na-akpụ akpụ akpu Dwarf osisi tundra pola willow, blueberries, berry na ndị ọzọ na elfin.

Flora a kpụrụ ukwuu n'ime akpaetu, lichen, sedges na fungi. Low ahihia ugbu a na mgbe ahụ na ịkwụsịtụ akpaetu-lichen cushions. Osisi na-anọchi anya ya obere iche-iche. E nwere nanị ka pola willow Dwarf birch. Obere osisi n'ebe ụfọdụ na-agbasa site na serried turf, na-eto eto kpam kpam.

Salix Polaris - Dwarf shrub

Unique nnọchiteanya nke okooko osisi - pola willow. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ ókè obere, ka bụ tundra osisi kama ahịhịa. Obere plantlets amanye n'ihi eke ọnọdụ adịghị adị ka etopụta shrub na Dwarf, n'ala n'ala.

On mkpa osisi ị ga ike kacha nta ego nke ogologo-biri epupụta, adịghị crumble, dị ka ndị ọzọ osisi willow na mgbụsị akwụkwọ. Ha na-kpuchie na snow ịnọgide green. The osisi nwere abụọ aha - a Dwarf willow na Arctic. Polar willow na tundra bụghị naanị. Ya na e nwere ndị nnọchiteanya nke Magadan, na Yenisei, ahịhịa na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu udiri anumanu.

Ekwukwa n'akwụkwọ uru nke pola willow

Willow doo - ezigbo ihe oriri maka ndị reindeer. Ha na-, ka afọ ju na oyi, ha na igwu nke snow. N'oge oyi, ọ Ome, buds na ogbugbo adịghị eleghara hares, partridges na òké.

Arctic osisi epupụta ndị oriri. Nordic mba ịkwakọba osisi maka ọdịnihu ma na-akwadebe site na ya nnọọ osisi oriri. Ha na-wepụ diya afọ ju ha epupụta sie na mmiri mmiri nke obụpde osisi. The Chukchi na-nri a ngwakọta nke willow epupụta na mgbada ọbara. Eskimos ahụmahụ nerpovym abụba ha na ọbara. Ke adianade do, epupụta kwadebe ersatz tii.

ndu nkọwa

Miniature shrub herbaceous ọdịdị nwere miniature rịa osisi Kporo. Ilele foto, pola willow nke a kọwara, na ị na-eche - otú aru na okike. Obere Kporo kpụrụ obere ala alaka. Ha adịghị ka ndị nkịtị osisi ndị mkpụmkpụ. Ha ogologo anaghị gafere 3-5 cm.

On na-akpụ akpụ tinyere n'ala, dịrị odo alaka na-emi odude a ole na ole obere epupụta na-gosipụtawo n'elu nke turf. Lanceolate stipules ọ bụ ezie na pụta ụwa na osisi, ma ọ bụ obere. Ha na-ahọrọ na--abiaghi. Na epupụta nke ndepụta mechie, agụnye ovate azụ. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ha na-reniform na nanị mgbe ụfọdụ elliptically Ndị. Vershinki ha roundish.

Udi nke epupụta na-emekarị notched. The isi nwere depụtara ụfọdụ ahazi, ụfọdụ obi ekara, na na nnọọ adịkarịghị tapered e. Ebe a bụ pola willow - ọhụrụ osisi tundra. Na green epupụta na a ezigbo ihu n'akụkụ nke matte elu na ala ubé onwunwu. Na ogologo nke iferi okporo naanị a 1 sentimita. Na ogologo nke mpempe akwụkwọ threaded jidesie tiddly petioles, adịghị gafere 2,5 cm, mgbe obosara bụghị karịa 1.3 cm.

Ná ngwụsị nke okooko catkins ekara, na-emekarị oblong ma ọ bụ ovate. Number miniature okooko osisi nime ya àmà site 3 17. The iberibe bracts akpịrịkpa nyere ọzọ pola willow. Nke a bụ nkọwa ha: si ọchịchịrị aja aja flakes ovate (mgbe ụfọdụ na ndabere ovate) mechie, concave forms izute jagged ọnu ya.

Gba ọtọ free abụọ stamens. Ha nwere ọchịchịrị bellow na oblong-ovoid narrowed nectary. Ovary conical, ìhè shades nke chere na mmalite, nkwọcha na oge, repainting na green ma ọ bụ acha odo odo-aj u. Na dịgasị iche stigmas bifid ka oblong-linear nectary.

N'ezie, otú ahụ nkọwa nwere ike ọ bụghị mgbe niile a ga-atụle na ọdịdị, na ihe ndị ọzọ mere na foto. Polar willow, dị ka ọtụtụ osisi ndị ọzọ, juputara na-amụ site ọkà na laboratories.

The ebe Arctic willow

The dominance nke gbasiri osisi na-amalite pola desat, ekpuchi arctic agwaetiti, na n'ebe ndị dị n'ebe ugwu agbata Putorana ala dị larịị. The ebe weghaara Dwarf shrub tundra Scandinavian, East Siberia, Chukchi na Kamchatka ala. Ọ na-esetị gafee expanses nke Jan Mayen na Svalbard.

Na-agwụcha na mgba na-adịghị mma okwu nke aka ike Arctic osisi hụrụ pụrụ ịdabere na ụzọ na-adị ndụ na ahụ kpọrọ nkụ edere ebe. N'oge ice afọ, mgbe n'esepụghị aka onslaught nke na-eru nso kpụkọrọ ghọrọ egwu, pola willow amanye gbaghachi azụ n'ebe ndịda.

Glasia iri ari azụ hapụrụ ya ka re-weghara ọkacha mmasị gị Northern Territory. Ọ na-gbanyesiri mkpọrọgwụ ike na ya gara aga ala, na-edozi na New Earth na ndị ọchịagha Islands. Na-aga n'ihu Arctic igbaze-enyere aka kwalite persistent shrub oke ka ndị Far North. O nwere oké ọsọ (maka Dwarf osisi) penetrates n'ime tundra na Arctic mpaghara. Ya ebe a na-amụba kwa afọ site a kilometa!

ala

Tree nwere obosara ebe obibi njupụta. Ha na-họọrọ ala dị iche iche ikwọ. Zere ya ma ọ bụrụ na nkume nzu, Otú ọ dị, na-mgbe ụfọdụ hụrụ. -Eto nke ọma na ahịhịa, nkume, ụrọ Ona-ahụkarị nke Arctic na Alpine tundra. Enweghị ka ọ hà shrub na ooh ala. Ọ dịghị pola willow na a tundra na isi n'elu-mịrị amị ma ọ bụ na gabiga ókè na iru mmiri ebe.

Site na akụ na ụba nke Ona ọ bụ na-enweghị mmasị. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-adịghị chọrọ na-eto eto na elu politrihovyh peat mounds ntụpọ-adọ mmiri ebe. Ha depleted acidic mkpụrụ, nke a na-adịghị amasị Dwarf osisi. Ma ọ na-etolite n'ebe nile zonal tundra gley Ona. Osisi eleghara obere snow boroughs. Ya na-agụnye nival, na ezi snow cover nkuku.

Ecosystems na polar willow

Ebe otutu ilekiri, ọ fọrọ nke nta n'ebe nile, ma e wezụga ke edere edere ebe, shrub mgbanwe iji akpaetu-lichen ihu. Dị otú ahụ thallus - a stunner. Ha na okpu jupụta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, odo, oroma, ọbara ọbara na-agba ọzọ na-etolite a fabulously mara mma. Willow Kporo na-mgbe na mikpuru na mossy turf, na epupụta, na Kama nke ahụ, na-ebili n'elu elu nke ọmarịcha hillocks.

Tree kegide ida nke pebbles na blocky, o doro anya na-egosi na foto. Polar willow na a tundra nzuzo na obere crevices kpụrụ nkume. N'etiti nkume ọ chọtara n'ibu nchebe na a ukwuu ruo n'ókè nke ala humus.

Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na ọtụtụ akpaetu na lichen phytocenoses shrub prefers rụrụ turf. Ọ bụ na-ebupụta na-guzobere hypnum bokoplodnymi akpaetu, liverwort na yiri ahịhịa.

Ebe obibi niches pola willow

Obibi Dwarf shrub ígwè ugwu rekasịrị Putorana. Ọ hụrụ ebe mgbaba n'etiti obere crevices na cracks, jupụtara na nkume Kotuiskaya na Anabar ala dị larịị. Ya snow-kpuchie-ogwu tightened niches tọgbọrọ aghara aghara nkwọcha belt. Ha esighi iri ari n'ime oké ọhịa na ooh akpaetu thalli, onye tọrọ ntọala ọmarịcha ugwu ilekota.

Na n'ugwu ndagwurugwu nke snow anya dị ka pola willow? E nwere ya Nleta a oke n'obere ọhịa. Ọ kpamkpam kpuchie-anọ ọnọdụ abalị snowfields na ice na-na nso gburugburu nādabere nke obere epupụta. Na n'otu oge ahụ, osisi na-adịghị ejekwa ke akwa di ala ala oké ọhịa tundra na Southern tundra.

Ọ agamevu na nival ndagwurugwu, na ụkwụ nke ugwu mkpọda. Dwarf willow-ogwu igbasa Lakeside obomshelym bushes. Ha na-kpuchie skirting miri incised iyi.

Ọrụ ha na-eto eto na-ahụkarị tundra. Ụba nke willow Ome dee ecosystems moraine odida obodo. Ebe mbara ọzara nwere swarms nke nkume irighiri ekpe site kpụkọrọ akpali. The alluvial na alluvial zones belata ọrụ nke ohia.

Aghọọ akpali, ya anya ka pola willow, nke photos ịtụle, ahụrụ tundra, na ledges nke ndagwurugwu iyi, na ebe watersheds a tọrọ na kpụrụ dellevye okụre. Na obodo na Ivkov-akpaetu-ahihia thalli.

Dominance willow osisi na tundra

Na ọnụnọ nke pola willow amalite ahịhịa arctic tundra. Na Dwarf shrub ifịk ifịk okpon akan ọtụtụ ndị upland phytocenoses. Karịsịa, ọ na nkwenkwe Ivkov-akpaetu na ahịhịa obodo. Ke adianade do, ya kwuru njupụta na ugwu Byrranga.

Otutu ogwu nke Dwarf willow mụtara akpaetu tundra. Ha clogged crevices detrital tundra. Ha aghọọla a ogige eden dellevye okụre, anya nko, na humus-ọgaranya, nnukwu na snowy obodo. Willow kpamkpam na-ekpuchi polygonal rollers ndagwurugwu marshes.

willow Mountain

Na willow bushes, nọ ọnọdu-abali na crevices n'etiti nkume, na-akpali akpali photos. Polar willow na ugwu Okirikiri na-abụghị ihe ọhụrụ, ọ bụ onye so dị iche iche ebe, akada a buru ibu n'ókèala. Ya epupụta nọgidere bristle gburugburu ugwu belt, na-eme ya n'ụzọ n'elu. Ebe ọ na-adịghị na-adọta na iferi scree ee nezadernovannye gravelly ebe.

Ịgbago elu nke 300-400 mita, ọ displaces dryad, na-aghọ a kasị edificator ugwu tundra phytocenoses-emepe emepe na n'elu EBIONITISM. Ke adianade do, ọ bụ ike ka ha chụpụ na ubi nke ugwu gravel na ájá willow monetolistnuyu apụghị ịbanye steeps. Blocky otu rekasịrị foothills na ugwu nta tojuru Byrranga ngwakọ pola willow.