Raf-2203: reviews nke nwe, nkọwa, photos

"Rafik 2203" - a mmasị nke ọtụtụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala, ọbụna taa na ọ bụ na mkpụrụ obi ha nostalgia. Na ọbụna ugbu a, mgbe a nlereanya adịkwaghị na mmepụta nke a van na-anọgide a bara uru obere akwụkwọ nke Fans nke ochie na ochie.

Nimble na maneuverable raf-2203

RAF nlereanya 2203 ahụ na Riga si 1976 na 1987. Ọ na-e bu n'obi ka a dịgasị iche iche nke nzube. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụ ụgbọala ji dị ka mgbagharị ụgbọala, ambulances na nlekọta dị nnọọ ka obodo na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọala.

Okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu tinyere RAF-2203 - ụgbọala ahụ. Ya ime mejupụtara 2 ngalaba:

1. Front ogige ebe ọkwọ ụgbọala na-emi odude na otu oche occupant.
2. N'azụ ogige, onwem na itoolu njem oche, a na-akpa ohere.

M ga-asị na na tinyere RAF-2203 reviews bụ nnọọ mma. Ndị na-arụ ọrụ na nke a "Rafiki," adịghị zoo ha na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi banyere aha nke ụgbọala. Dị ka ha, a ebube igwe, elu-ọsọ, siri ike na echekwa. Ke adianade do, ukwuu otuto-ọma Mee, magburu onwe maneuverability na vortkost na ibe na odomo ya n'ime a docile ụgbọala.

Engine - obi nke ụgbọ ala ọ bụla

Raf-2203 engine na carburetor mmanụ ụgbọala esenyịn, nke e onwem na a ụgbọala, na-arụ mmanụ ụgbọala. N'ihi na nke a nlereanya anyị na-eji engine si GAZ-24. Ọ e odude ke n'ihu na-akpali n'azụ wiil. The engine nwere inline ndokwa, valvụ 4 8 cylinders. N'ezie, m ga-asị na nke a nlereanya na-onwem na abụọ na ụdị engines:

• ZMZ 2401;
• ZMZ 402-10.

Na nke abụọ engine bụ ndị ọzọ dị ike, ọ bụ naanị ihe dị iche n'etiti ha. Otú ọ dị, ọ dị otu ihe pụrụ iche nuance - akpa engine arụ ọrụ na mmanụ ụgbọala Ai-76, nke abụọ - na Ai-93.

Manual 4-ọsọ nnyefe nwere a tinyere synchronizers na niile na-atụ Kwadobe, nke gbatịrị nnyefe ọrụ "Rafik".

The ụgbọ ala nwere ike iru gbapụrụ ọsọ nke nke bụ otu narị na iri abụọ na - otu narị na iri atọ kilomita kwa awa.

Isi na nkwusioru tinyere

Isi RAF-2203 - agba, na-metal. The ụgbọ ala nwere 4 otu-akwukwo ụzọ:

• 2 nke ha - na nri - na-haziri maka njem n'ụgbọelu;
• ụzọ na-ekpe bụ maka ọkwọ ụgbọala;
• n'azụ ọnụ ụzọ na-enye ohere ka ibu ohere.

Sprung nkwusioru tinyere na ujo absorbers, nakwa dị ka ihe na breeki usoro "Rafik" nke mere ka o usoro drum brek-arụnyere na niile anọ wiil nke igwe. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ka ọ di ike raf-2203 nwere ike nwere ọtụtụ anụ ụlọ ụgbọ.

Production - Latvia

Kasị mbụ mmepụta nlereanya minivans RAF-2203 photos nke ị pụrụ ịhụ na isiokwu a, na-akwaga ala nzukọ akara nke ọhụrụ Latvian ụgbọ ala factory na December 1975. Na-esote afọ e meghere site Green Street maka ha uka mmepụta. A afọ mgbe e mesịrị o guzoro na-ebu na a iche iche mgbanwe - Coach ahụike mberede ọrụ RAF-22031.

Mgbe ụgbọala mgbanwe dị ka a minivan, ọ ike na-enye ohere ị na-ebu ruo iri na otu ndị mmadụ na a n'usoro. N'ihi na nke a na àgwà ndị ọzọ ndị ọzọ raf-2203 e ekesa ofụri USSR. Mgbe ndakpọ nke mba ahụ gaa iche iche na-ekwu, ndị a banyeghachi n'ụgbọala anyị na e superseded site ọhụrụ ụdị, akpan akpan ụgbọ ala "Gazel". Ma ụfọdụ ụdị ka idi ná mba ụfọdụ nke mbụ Union.

Ụfọdụ ụgbọ ala nkọwa

Nka na ụzụ data na akụkụ raf-2203 ndị dị ka ndị:

1. Na ogologo nke ụgbọ ala 4 esịmde 980 m cm n'obosara - 2 m 035 cm, na idi-elu nke igwe - 1 m 970 cm.
2. Sochie n'ihu wheel "rafika" - 1 m 474 cm, n'azụ track - 1 m 420 cm.
3. Mass tinyere na ngwá - 1670 n'arọ.
4. Ya oké ibu - 2710 n'arọ.
5. The engine kabureto, 4 cylinder ZMZ 2203 / 2,445 lita.
6. Number nke oche - 11, gbakwunyere na-akwọ ụgbọala.
7. The braking anya na a na-agba nke 60 km / h bụ 25,8 m.
8. Front overhang bụ 1 m na 200 cm.
9. N'azụ overhang - naanị 1 m 120cm.
10. Machine elu nzọụkwụ n'elu ala - 40 cm.
11. Akọrọ otu-diski ipigide.
12. Manual gearbox.
13. Hydraulic ujo absorbers.
14. Spring Front nkwusioru Independent na wishbone.
15. Dabere n'azụ nkwusioru na longitudinal ọkara elliptic akwukwo iyi.

Atụmatụ tinyere RAF

Na-enwe mmasị niile minibuses nke ndị ịhụnanya kpọọ "Rafiki" dị iche ahazi n'ihu bompa na-enweghị "fangs", na-awụsa windo nke n'ihu ọnụ ụzọ, n'ozuzu ọcha ọkụ n'elu ụlọ, gburugburu n'azụ-view enyo na chrome-wheeled okpu discs, dị ka "Volga" GAZ -21.

Tupu ẹkụre ke 1976 Oghere Usoro tinyere RAF-2203 e dechara na mbụ elu ngwá panel, onwem na a gburugburu dials. Na 1977, ihe nlereanya ka enwetara a ọhụrụ panel na ngwá ụyọkọ, adia si GAZ-24. N'otu oge ahụ e kpebiri ịhapụ ekupụ, emi odude n'okpuru n'etiti window na mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri n'akụkụ.

Nyocha "Rafiki"

N'izo aka n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị mmadụ na-ekwu okwu banyere raf-2203. Nyocha nke nwe, dị ka e kwuru n'elu, dị nnọọ mma. E nwere ụfọdụ obere nkọwa na ike ga-atụle a mwepu, ma ha na-adịghị nnọọ ịrịba ama maka n'ozuzu ọnọdụ. Representatives nke ụlọ ọrụ, nakwa dị ka ndị na-enwetara ndị RAF maka azụmahịa, rụrụ ụka na e nyere ala price nke igwe, laghachi, ya mara mma. Nke a bụ apụ, na abuo, na eziokwu dị mkpa bụ na-anọghị nke nsogbu na akụkụ ahụ mapụtara. Fọrọ nke nta niile dị gị mkpa, dabara ụgbọala "Volga", ma e wezụga nke ahụ ígwè.

Little pụrụ ịdabere "tank" - ya mere na a na-akpọ site na ụfọdụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala raf-2203. Nyocha nke nwe na-ukwuu n'ime imbued na-akwanyere a akpaaka-workaholic. Ụfọdụ kwuru a ala kwesịrị ekwesị na ụgbọala, ya mere ina-eji ya ma eleghị anya, dị nnọọ ka otu ụbọchị. Ọ bụ ezie na dashboard na-adịghị inyocha site kasị elu akara, ma ihe ka ọtụtụ na-ewere ya nnọọ adaba. High n'ala nwechapụ na-eme ka dị a tinyere na-akwọ ụgbọala na a unyi ụzọ.

Si na-ezighị ezi na-ekwu na na njikwa oyi ntakịrị njọ, ma, ọzọ, e mkpa a àgwà. Na obere omume maka ọkwọ ụgbọ ala, na nkà ga-abịa. Dị ka e kwuru mwepu na na ọnọdụ n'ihu engine, nke bụ ya mere na ibu minivan obibi na n'ihu akụkụ ya. Na, n'ezie, na ọghọm na-agụnye elu mmanụ ụgbọala oriri raf-2203.

Atụmatụ tinyere (ihe na-kwetara niile na-ekwu okwu si), dị ka ụgbọ ala bụ ọnụ na nnọọ irè, mee ya n'ụzọ zuru okè ruru eru maka obere ulo oru.

Malite nke mmepụta nke nlereanya 2203

Ke mbubreyo 60-ies nke Latvian akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ nwetara a kpata ajọ ụkọ mmepụta ohere. N'ihi izute mkpa nke a mba buru ibu na banyeghachi n'ụgbọala anyị ọ fọrọ nke nta agaghị ekwe omume. Ya mere na 1969, anyị malitere na-ewu a ọhụrụ osisi, bụ nke dị 25 km si Riga, n'obodo Jelgava.

N'ezie, nke a ibu osisi mbụ e mere na wuru n'okpuru ọhụrụ nlereanya nke tinyere na e onwem na kasị n'oge ahụ oge a na akụrụngwa. Eze, mmepụta malitere ya ọrụ ke 1976. Ọ bụ na n'otu afọ malitere na mmepụta nke Oghere Usoro mmepụta nke a minivan na index nke 2203.

uka mmepụta

Dị ka ijeụkwụ nke mmepụta nke minivan "Rafiq-2203" n'ebe dị karịa ya ụzọ, nlereanya 977. Na 1984, na February, osisi na-emepụta otu narị puku ncheta raf-2203 - na nke a mgbe naanị 9 afọ mgbe mmalite nke usoro mmepụta!

Nke na-abịa afọ 80 na a factory na Jelgava emewo 17.000 banyeghachi n'ụgbọala anyị kwa afọ. N'ihi nke a ha na-etinye aka na niile ochie ụlọ ahịa na ụlọ ahụ nke enterprise na Riga, ma ukwuu n'ime ha na-now na-aga obere-ọnụ ọgụgụ obere ogbe nke ụgbọala na pụrụ iche iwu. Riga bụ onwe ya imewe ụlọ ọrụ, na Special Bureau zubere maka ule.

oge nke akụkọ ihe mere eme

Ndị mbụ ụgbọala RAF nwere onwe ha e ji mara, dị ka sidelights nke GAZ-24 na ọnụnọ nke factory emblem on n'azụ ọnụ ụzọ. The uzo nke 1978-1979 ji nnọchi nke Gbasara Anya nke "Volga" n'otu ụgbọ ala repeaters ibe, gbakwunyere emblem nke osisi e wepụrụ si azụ ụzọ. Ọzọkwa, ihe fọrọ nke nta 10 afọ minivans emepụta n'ụdị a, na-enweghị na-eme ka ọ bụla dị ịrịba mgbanwe n'ụzọ.

Quality akara na elu-enweta

Na 1979, n'ihi ya mmepụta osisi RAF natara State Quality Mark. Ma n'ihi ihe ụfọdụ, eleezie nri mgbe na àgwà na-emepụta ọ bụla afọ ụgbọala malitere izo. Osisi na-esiwanye wee malite ịnata mkpesa, mkpesa na-ekwu, karịsịa site na nlekọta ahụ ike na-enye ndị na-eji ụgbọ ihe mberede. The wetara merenụ mere February 1986, mgbe ahụ, gospriomka fọrọ nke nta banyere 13% nke ọhụrụ banyeghachi n'ụgbọala anyị laghachi osisi iji kpochapụ achọpụtara ntụpọ.

Ekwekọrịtaghị n'etiti oru

Ọzọkwa ke 1986 n'etiti management nke osisi mepụtara a ọha ụka. Sharply kpọlite ndị isiokwu dị nnọọ emetụ ndị na-akpata a otu ebe ọdịda ke àgwà nke Jelgava ụgbọala mmepụta. N'oge agha wee a mkpebi na-aka mma ọnọdụ a, osisi na-achọ ọ bụghị nanị na ntọhapụ nke ọhụrụ ụdị nke banyeghachi n'ụgbọala anyị, ma ndị ọzọ na nduzi.

Mgbe ntuli aka ya mụụrụ bụ Viktor Bossert. Na njikọ na Riga Autobus Factory natara si mba mmefu ego bukwanu ego maka ngụkọta technical upgrade na chọrọ ka nwere na-emepụta ụdị, gụnyere RAF-2203, nkọwa e ukwuu mma.

discontinuance

Mgbe Soviet Union dara, a na RAF osisi, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ yiri ulo oru Baltic Refeyim pụtara idikwe. The ezumike na Russia na-na-egwu n'aka nke mmepụta. N'ihi na okirikiri nke mmepụta nke osisi choro onunu si Russia, na nke a na-emetụta ihe fọrọ nke nta niile mmiri. N'otu oge, ka n'ihi na-agbawa nke mmekọahụ Russia, ahịa dara sharply, n'ihi ihe mmepụta nwere ga-ebipụ tupu ntọhapụ nke 4-5 puku ụgbọala a afọ.

Ịgbalị na-adị ndụ na-anọ sere n'elu, osisi si management mere mgbalị mụbaa ngwaahịa nso. Mmepụta igba egbe ọtụtụ ọhụrụ na ịba uru ụgbọala na minibuses pụrụ iche na nzube na ndabere nke raf-2203. Obere ọzọ ga hapụ banyeghachi n'ụgbọala anyị RAF-2920, na ịba uru pickups RAF-3311, na ndị ọzọ ụgbọala. Ma n'ụzọ dị mwute, dị ka mmepụta nke ịga nke ọma nke jikoro kpọbabeghị, n'ihi na, n'eziokwu, na isi ihe nlereanya "Rafiq-2203" na-ama nnọọ olileanya na-adịghị ochie site na oge.

Production nke na-akpali akpali "Rafik" emechi Final

1993 bụ mmalite nke mmepụta nke Nizhny Novgorod "nne mgbada", n'ihi na Baltic osisi, nke na-amịpụta "Rafiki" akpatre tụfuru ya nnukwu ahịa - Russia. Obodo, ie na Baltic ụmụ amaala na-adịghị karịsịa gosiri mmasị ha na ngwaahịa, ha mmasị e nyere b / u nke ụgbọala si Western Europe.

Help ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike ịgbanwe ihe ndị bụ isi ihe nlereanya, karịsịa ebe ọ bụ na gburugburu mbubreyo '80s, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kere naanị 2 oge a echiche, nke a "Roxanne" na "Steeles". Ndị a ụdị nwere atụmanya dị elu. Ma na-aga ha uka mmepụta, ọ chọrọ a buu modernization nke ụlọ ọrụ na ịrịba ego. The search maka ihe ọṅụ enwebeghị ihe ịga nke ọma, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke na-emepụta "Rafikov" kwa ọnwa ghọrọ nta ma na-eto osisi ụgwọ.

The oge bịara na 1997 mgbe ndị Baltic osisi RAF tọhapụrụ ya ọhụrụ ogbe nke ngwaahịa, na mmiri nke na 1998, ụlọ ọrụ na kwuru odida. Ebe a na a na e nyesịrị akụkọ nke uka minivan na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Soviet Union, na ya biri akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Latvian ụgbọala ụlọ ọrụ.