Rzhevskaya agha n'oge Akwa Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya

Mgbe anyị na-anụ okwu "agha", anyị nwere echiche na-ebilite agha ọ bụla ubi, ebe n'ụbọchị kpebiri nke nke contenders ga-eto eto. Nke a ala bụ ndị maara ma kwere nghọta. Ma Rzhevskaya agha dị iche. Ọ kpuchie nnukwu ego nke oge na bụ a usoro nke agha n'oge gara aga afọ abụọ.

Rzhev- ọrụ Vyazemskaya

Ot oge-eku, nke were Mgba nke Rzhev (8 January 1942-31 March 1943). N'oge ndị ahụ e nwere ọtụtụ oge udo ma ọ bụ na a positional agha, mgbe ndị agha emeghị ọgụ.

Ná mmalite 1942, ndị agha Soviet ike ịjụ agha nke Wehrmacht si Moscow. Ma counter-akpasu iwe, nke ghọrọ otu n'ime oké ihe ndị mere agha, aka iso. Rate choro-akacha N'ihi. Emi odude ke ikpehe German agha "Center" otu.

Soviet agha na West na Kalinin Front ndị na-ekewa, ka gburugburu ma bibie ya na ike. N'ụbọchị ndị mbụ nke January na counter-akpasu iwe, malite na nke nọmba 8, ihe niile na-aga dị ka atụmatụ. Ọ ejisiri Vereya, Kirov, Mozhaisk, Medyn, Sukhinichi na Lyudinovo. The prerequisites iji bee "Center" n'ime ọtụtụ dịpụrụ adịpụ dị iche iche.

gburugburu ebe

Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ 19 e zigara ndị ọzọ asakde iso ese na iwu nke Iosifa Stalina nke awakpo agha. Karịsịa, 1st Shock Army Kuznetsova e zitere Novgorod Region n'okpuru Demyansk na 16 Army Rokossovsky kwagara n'ebe ndịda. Nke a budata belata na ájá nke Soviet agha. Ndị fọdụrụ akụkụ nanị enweghị ego ha na-mezue ọrụ. Ụzọ furu efu.

Ke mbubreyo January, e zigara n'okpuru Rzhev 33rd Army n'okpuru iwu nke Efraim. A iberibe ọzọ gbalịrị imebi site na nchebe nke onye iro, kama na ọgwụgwụ ha hụrụ onwe ha gburugburu. Na April 33rd ya e bibiri na Mikhail Efremov igbu onwe ya.

Soviet ọrụ okpu. Dị ka ukara ọnụ ọgụgụ, na ọnwụ dịrị 776 000 ndị, ndi 272 000 na-abami. Si 33rd Army dara nke encirclement ole na ole, t. E. 889 agha.

Alụ ọgụ maka Rzhev

N'oge okpomọkụ nke 1942, ọnụego emenịm ọrụ weghara obodo na Kalinin mpaghara. Mbụ niile na ọ bụ Rzhev. Maka azụmahịa ọzọ were ndị agha abụọ asakde iso ese - Kalinin (General Konev) na West (General Zhukov).

July 30 malitere ọzọ Soviet na-akpasu iwe. Ọ dị iche nnọọ nwayọọ nwayọọ. Onye ọ bụla na-agafe na chipped a ibé ala uru ndụ ọtụtụ puku mmadụ. Ugbua na n'ụbọchị ndị mbụ nke ime ka Rzhev bụ naanị 6 kilomita. Otú ọ dị, ọ were fọrọ nke nta a ọnwa na-alụ ọgụ ha.

The obodo jisiri abịa naanị na njedebe nke August. O yiri ka Rzhevskaya agha e meriri. E nwere ọbụna na-ekwe ka na-ekweta ka n'ihu ukara nnọchiteanya nke American president, onye nwere anya na Soviet mmeri. Rzhev e weere na 27 September. Otú ọ dị, Red Army nọrọ n'ebe ahụ ruo ụbọchị ole na ole. E nwekwara tightened German reinforcements, nke nwere obodo na 1 October.

Ọzọ Soviet iwe biri na ihe ọ bụla. The ọnwụ nke agha Rzhev na oge a dịrị banyere 300 puku ndị mmadụ, ie. E. 60% nke pesonel nke Red Army na a n'ihu.

Operation "Mars"

Ugbua na njedebe nke n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ-n'oge oyi ya zubere ọzọ mgbalị inwere site na agbachitere "Center". Nke a oge, e kpebiri na agha ga-ebe ndị ebe ọ bụghị ma e. Ndị a bụ ndị ebe n'etiti osimiri Gzhat na Osugi, nakwa dị ka nso obodo nke Young Tud. E kasị nta njupụta nke German nkewa.

N'otu oge ahụ iwu na-agbalị iduhie onye-iro ka ibugharịa na Wehrmacht si Stalingrad, ebe ụbọchị ndị a na-abịa oké mkpa ụbọchị nke agha.

39th Army jisiri ịmanye nwa Tud na 1st ígwè agha wakporo iro armored nkeji nso n'obodo White. Ma, ọ bụ a nwa oge ịga nke ọma. Ugbua na mmalite nke December, na German counterattack kwụsịrị ndị Soviet agha ma bibie nke 20 Army. The otu eke na-echere abụọ ụlọ: 2nd-eche ha nche agha ịnyịnya 6 tank.

On December 8 na ndabere nke ihe ndị a Georgy Zhukov siri ọnwụ na ọrụ "Mars" (codename) ka maliteghachiri ji ume ọhụrụ. Ma onye ọ bụla nke na-agbali inwere site na onye iro ga-echebe e dechara nke ọma. Agha nọ n'okpuru iwu nke General Khozina, Yushkevich na Zygina okpu. Ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ gbara ya gburugburu. Dị ka dị iche iche atụmatụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Soviet agha, bụ ndị nwụrụ n'oge na oge dịgasị n'etiti 70 na 100 puku. Mgba nke Rzhev na 1942, emeghị ka ndị nọworo na-mmeri.

Operation "Byuffel"

Na aga ịlụ ọgụ ọ kpụrụ na-akpọ Rzhevskij ntule nke e ji site German agha. Ọ bụ a na-adịghị ike na ngalaba nke n'ihu - na di ya buruburu bụ kacha. Karịsịa sharply ọ bịara doo anya mgbe Soviet agha wee obodo Great Luke, na January 1943.

Kurt Tseyttsler na ndi fọduru nke iwu nke Wehrmacht ghọrọ ike ịjụ Hitler ka ikike ndọrọ ego nke ndị agha. Na njedebe, o kwetara. The agha ndị a ga-napụrụ na edoghi na ebe nke obodo Dorogobuzh. Maka arụ a dị mkpa ọrụ bụ Colonel-General Walter Model. The atụmatụ bụ koodu-aha ya bụ "Büffel", bụ nke a sụgharịrị site German dị ka "buffalo".

Inweta Rzhev

Eru retraction agha Germany kwere ịhapụ ntule fọrọ lossless. March 30 ikpeazụ agha nke Reich hapụrụ ọdụ, nke a wakporo n'ihi na ihe karịrị otu afọ. Wehrmacht debere efu obodo na obodo ntà: venison, Gzhatsk, White, Vyazma. All nke ha e site na Soviet agha March 1943 enweghị a ọgụ.

The otu eke na-echere Rzhev. Ọ e wepụtara na March 3. First ba n'obodo 30th Army, nke rụrụ na a oru maka a ogologo oge na e staffed fọrọ nke nta site ọkọ mgbe ọbara agha. N'ihi ya biri na Mgba nke Rzhev 1942 1943. Strategic ịga nke ọma emeela ka eziokwu na na World War II igba ọzọ kwagara Soviet Union.

achụ nke onye iro

The Soviet agha hapụrụ Rzhev na malite ịrụpụta mmalite nke ekpe ọnọdụ nke ndị Germany. N'ihi ya, na March jisiri ike n'ihu akara, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ọzọ 150 kilomita. Communications Soviet agha na-agbatị. Vanguard ịnọ n'azụ na nnochianya. E oge mmalite nke igbaze na ihe ọjọọ ụzọ ọnọdụ.

Mgbe ndị Germany gwuru Dorogobuzh district, o doro anya na ndị agha nke a njupụta gaghị emeri, na Red Army kwụsịrị. Na-esote isi ihe itunanya ga-eme n'oge okpomọkụ, mgbe dechara Agha nke Kursk.

Akara aka nke Rzhev. Gosipụtara na omenala

Na eve of World War II biri n'obodo 56 puku ndị mmadụ. City nọrọ 17 ọnwa na-arụ, n'oge nke e bibiri. Obodo bi ma ọ bụ ọsọ ụbọchị tupu, ma ọ bụ na-alanahụ German ọchịchị. Mgbe Soviet agha tọhapụ obodo March 3, 1943, e nọgidere 150 nkịtị.

Banyere atụmatụ nke ngụkọta weere nke Red Army n'ihi na ihe karịrị a afọ nke na-alụ ọgụ, na-Marshal Viktor Kulikov, ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ bilitere karịa 1 nde mmadụ.

Mgba nke Rzhev hapụrụ banyere 300 ndụ yaadị, mgbe n'ihu agha ebe ha 5500. Mgbe agha ya e wughachiri nta site ọkọ.

Na ọbara agha na nnukwu weere na-egosi na ndị mmadụ na ebe nchekwa na a dịgasị iche iche nke ọrụ nkà. a uri Aleksandra Tvardovskogo "Egburu m n'okpuru Rzhev"-atụle ga-kasị ama. Ọtụtụ ncheta nwere Tver mpaghara. Mgba nke Rzhev, ngosi nka-Gburugburu ebe nke ihe omume - ya niile ka na-adọta a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị ọbịa. N'otu obodo ahụ na mgbakwunye na e nwere a ncheta obelisk.