The chemical mejupụtara nke ndu eme ntule si ele ihe anya nke sayensị

Ka anyị nyochaa ihe chemical mejupụtara nke ndu eme ntule, họrọ isi bekee, nke bụ mkpa maka ntozu.

n'ihi mmiri ọgwụ

N'ihi mmiri ọgwụ bụ sayensị nke na-amụrụ mejupụtara nke ndu eme ntule, analysis of ha mebere atumatu, mgbanwe, nkesa ọrụ. Ọ malitere ya guzobere ke mbubreyo narị afọ nke 19, mgbe ha bụ ndị bụ isi na klas nke bekee nke dị ndụ dị.

quantitative mejupụtara

The chemical mejupụtara nke mkpụrụ ndụ ndị dị ndụ na-agụnye ọtụtụ ihe nke oge table. Dabere na nke ukwu nke ọdịnaya ekewa atọ dị iche iche. Ha na-emekarị kwuru na dị ka organogenic, n'ihi na enweghị ha ọ gaghị ekwe omume iji wuchaa na ịdị adị nke a dị ndụ organism. A ọcha bụ ike na-etolite covalent agbụ, nke bụ ihe ndabere nke ụwa e bi.

macronutrients

N'etiti macrocells emit potassium, site, magnesium, calcium, chlorine, sọlfọ, sodium. The chemical ọcha na-eme ka ndụ ntule, anyị mkpa iji hụ na mgbanwe Filiks.

micronutrients

Cobalt, molybdenum, zinc, na ayodiin, vanadium, bromine bụ akụkụ nke homonụ, enzymes. Ha pasent ọdịnaya bụghị ihe karịrị 10 percent.

ultramicroelements

Gold, silver, platinum bụkwa ugbu a na ndụ ntule, ma ha nọmba bụ negligible. Chemical ihe na ndị dị ndụ ntule ugbu a na ha na ụdị ebughi ion. Ha dị mkpa maka cell ọkọnọ ha zuru ibu, ihe e kere eke nke ọhụrụ anụ ahụ na ahụ ịnọgide na-enwe kwesịrị acid-alkaline itule. Nso ke chemical mejupụtara nke ndu eme ntule? Mbụ niile, na chemical mejupụtara nwere ike ikpe na mmalite ma ọ bụ excitation nke mkpụrụ ndụ, larịị nke metabolism, ike itule.

The chemical mejupụtara nke ndu eme ntule nwere ịnweta salts na mmiri. Ọ na-adị na okenye na-ajụ n'ịtụgharị ume mgbanwe Jeremaya mere niile ime n'ime a ndụ organism. The mmiri molekul nwere a dipole Ọdịdị, nke e nwere na covalent pola agbụ. Na dechapụ elektrọn njupụta nke hydrogen atọm na oxygen na-akpata nke polarization, nke na-akọwa ahụkebe mkpa maka mmiri organism. Kpụrụ n'etiti mmiri na ụmụ irighiri ihe na-adịghị ike nkekọ nke ike obere covalent nkekọ fọrọ nke nta 20 ugboro. Na enyemaka ha na-edozi na nucleic asịd na-tọghatara n'ime ahu n'ime ọzọ bekee, a usoro esonyere ntọhapụ nke ike, na nke ahu na-achọ ya. Mmiri bụ a eluigwe na ala mgbaze, bụ nke otu dị mkpa ná ndụ nke organism, n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị niile Biochemical Jeremaya rụrụ na okenye agbanwe agbanwe.

Gịnị bụ chemical mejupụtara nke ndu eme ntule? Ke adianade inorganic ọcha, o nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ bekee. Dị ka ihe atụ, e nwere ugbu a na-edozi na nucleic asịd. Ọ na-ndị a organic bekee na-mkpa iji chebe ahu. Site hydrophobic bekee, nke na-adịghị igbari na mmiri, na-edozi, fọrọ nke nta niile abụba. Inyocha ihe isi chemical mejupụtara nke ndu eme ntule, anyị mara na ọ bụ mmiri na-ejikọta ya na ụkpụrụ nke ahụ thermal ọchịchị. Ọ na-adabere ike nke organism na ikpe nke mberede okpomọkụ jumps, amiri okpomọkụ. Nke a ihe onwunwe na-enye ohere ahụ na-echebe site oké kpo oku, iji gbochie ekpo oke ọkụ nke ahụ ahụ dị ka okpomọkụ adahade na ikuku. Nke a bụ n'ihi na mmiri e nwere a edo nkesa nke ike n'etiti ndị dị iche iche anụ ahụ a rụrụ full mgbasa nke okpomọkụ niile akụkụ.

organic mejupụtara

N'etiti organic ogige ugbu a na ahụ mmadụ na-nke otu dị mkpa carbohydrates, lipids. Ha bụ ogige nke na-kpụrụ macromolecular ọdụdụ asịd na trihydric alcohols - glycerol. Lipid ụmụ irighiri nwere dịtụ obere size nke molekul. Ha nwere hydrophobic Njirimara, i.e., anaghị igbari ke mmiri na-etolite colloidal systems - emulsion. Lipids n'ụzọ zuru okè soluble na nonpolar organic solvents dị ka benzene, chloroform, acetone. Gịnị bụ isi ọrụ nke lipids? Mbụ, ha - ike isi mmalite. Ọzọkwa nkọwa organic umi a rụrụ n'ime vivo ọrụ nke ndị na-ewu. Carbohydrates na-maka ịrụ ọrụ nke ozu otu dị mkpa. Ke adianade-ewu, na ike ọrụ, ọ dị mkpa maka ebuka nke nri, dị ka nke ọma dị ka na-echebe ndị ozu na-nje virus na-bacteria. Regulatory nwere nke carbohydrates na-na usoro iwu ike, pụtara na-echebe ndị ozu mebiri. Ndi na-edozi na-edozi ahụ na-biopolymers na elu ikwu molekụla uka, na organic residues nke amino asịd nke na-eme ka monomers.

Ndi na-edozi bụ homonụ ha mkpa ịchịkwa ọtụtụ mkpa Filiks nke ntule. Ke ahu e nwekwara pụrụ iche na-edozi - enzymes, nke bụ ndu akpali, ike iji breeki ma ọ bụ mee ngwangwa chemical Jeremaya mere. Ịmata chemical mejupụtara nke a ndụ organism, ọ bụ ike ịkọ ya isi ọrụ, Njirimara, ịchọ ụzọ isi na-etinye ihe ọmụma nweela.