Distemper na Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 17: akpata, nkebi, pụta

The Nsogbu bụ malite na Asaa narị afọ, preconditions, nzọụkwụ nke ga-atụle mgbe e mesịrị - akụkọ ihe mere eme oge, Bilie ọdachi, miri socio-akụ na ụba na ọha-na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọdụdọ. The ike ọnọdụ na mba ahụ nọ na aggravated na Polish-Swedish aka.

The Nsogbu narị afọ nke 17 na Russia: akpatara

Ọdụdọ ka e mere site a ọtụtụ ihe. The mbụ nsogbu mere, dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme, n'ihi na nke ndị nchupu nke ndị Rurik usoro ndị eze na-alụ n'etiti eze ike na boyars. Ikpeazụ gbalịsiri ike chebe ma na-ewusi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mmetụta na nkwalite nke omenala ùgwù. Eze, na Kama nke ahụ, na-agbalị na-amachi ike ndị a. Boyars, ke adianade do, anya na-enye Zemstvo. The ọrụ nke a na klas na-inyocha ọtụtụ ndị na-eme nnyocha na-ezighị ezi. Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere na-ekwu nke knight ghọọ a kpọmkwem na-alụso tsarist ọchịchị. Ha aghụghọ bụ nnọọ ezighị ezi mmetụta na ọnọdụ nke Ọkaakaa. Nke ahụ bụ ihe kere tụụrụ n'ala na nke e discord na Russia. Ná mmalite nke na Asaa narị afọ ahụ bụ naanị site na akụ na ụba na-ekwu. Ọnọdụ ná mba m nnọọ ike. Ekemende a nsogbu esonyela na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-elekọta mmadụ nsogbu.

Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba

Distemper na Russia na mmalite narị afọ nke 17 coincided na mkpọsa nke mmeri nke Grozny na Livonian War. A jikoro choro elu agha nke oké nchegbu. Otu nnọọ ọjọọ mmetụta na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba nke Mbibi na Veliky Novgorod, na-amanye Ndahie nke na-eje ozi ndị mmadụ. M wee malite itiwapụ oj oo na Russia. Na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 17 na-akara site n'ebe nile agụụ. Na 1601-1603 emebi ọtụtụ puku obere na nnukwu ugbo.

na-elekọta mmadụ esemokwu

Distemper na Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 17 a ịkpatawo ojuju nke ẹdude iji pụta agba ọsọ ndụ nkịtị, ndị dara ogbenye obodo, ndị uwe ojii Cossacks na Cossack nweere onwe, a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke servicemen. Ẹkenam oprichnina, dị ka ụfọdụ na-eme nnyocha, budata ghara ikwe na ùgwù na ntụkwasị obi nke ndị mmadụ maka iwu na ikike.

The mbụ omume

Ka Smoot malitere ịzụlite na Russia? Na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 17, na obere, ka coincided na mmegharị nke ndị agha na-achị achị okirikiri. Egwu mbụ nketa Fedor anaghị nwere mkpa management nkà. Nwa nwoke nke nta, ala Rọshịa bụ Dmitri, bụ n'oge ahụ ka nwa ọhụrụ. Mgbe ọnwụ nke ndị nketa nke Rurik usoro ndị eze mkpirikpi. Ike bịakwutere boyar ezinụlọ - Godunovs na Yuriev. Na 1598-m na O were ocheeze Boris Godunov. The oge site 1601 na 1603. Ọ bụ nwaanyị aga. Juruoyi akwụsịghị ọbụna n'oge okpomọkụ nakwa n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, na September, ọ e snowing. Mkpughe ụnwụ na ekwu ihe dị ka ọkara otu nde mmadụ. Ike ga-agwụ ndị gara Moscow, ebe ha ẹmen achịcha na ego. Ma ndị a jikoro naanị enwe nnukwu akụ na ụba nsogbu. The landlords enweghịkwa ike na-eri nri ndị na-ejere na ndị ohu, na ụgbọala ha. Ekpe na-enweghị ihe oriri na uwe, ndị mmadụ malitere aku looting na ohi.

Lzhedmitry mbụ

Distemper na Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 17 coincided na mgbasa nke asịrị na Tsarevich Dmitry ndụ. Ọ soro na Boris Godunov bụ n'ocheeze iwu na-akwadoghị. Pretender Dmitrii mara ọkwa ya si malite Adam Wiśniowiecki, Lithuanian onyeisi. Mgbe ahụ, o zutere na Ezhi Mnishekom, Polish magnate na Ragon, onye nnọchianya popu. Ná mmalite nke 1604 Lzhedmitry 1 natara na na-ege ntị na Eze nke Poland. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị na nduhie Katọlik. Falsdmitry ikike a ghọtara site King Sigismund. Eze kwere onye ọ bụla na-enye aka na-enyere ndị Russian Tsar.

The n'ọnụ ụzọ Moscow

Ụgha Dmitry ba n'obodo na 1605, afọ nke 20 nke June. Boyars, edu Belsky n'ihu ọha kwetara ya Prince of Moscow na ruuru ịbụ onye nketa. N'oge ọchịchị ya, Ụgha Dmitry-edu ya Poland ma gbalịa na-ebu ụfọdụ mgbanwe. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị ihe niile ndị a ma ama na-aghọta legitimacy nke ọchịchị ya. Fọrọ nke nta ozugbo mgbe mbata nke Ụgha Dmitry, Shuya malitere ịgbasa asịrị banyere ya ịnọchite. Na 1606, na n'etiti May, mmegide nke boyars wee uru nke arụmọrụ nke ndị bi megide Polish adventurers, bịara Moscow maka agbamakwụkwọ Falsdmitry, jehie. N'oge ọ na-nduhie nọ gbuo ya. The na-abịa ike nke Shuya, na-anọchite anya Suzdal alaka nke Rurik, udo na ochichi emebeghị. Southern mebiri nnupụisi Bolotnikov, nke nyere ije "ohi." Ihe 1606-1607 biennium. na-akọwa RG Skrynnikov. "Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 17 Smoot." - a akwụkwọ na o kere na ndabere nke a nnukwu ego nke akwụkwọ ihe onwunwe.

Ụgha Dmitry II

O sina dị, na mba ka na asịrị banyere ọrụ ebube nnapụta nke ziri ezi-isi. Na 1607, ke ndaeyo, Starodub, a ọhụrụ pretender. Distemper na Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 17 gaa n'ihu. Site na njedebe nke 1608 Lzhedmitry 2 mere ka mgbasa nke ya mmetụta na Yaroslavl, Pereslavl-Zaleski, Vologda, Galich, Uglich, Kostroma, Vladimir. Pretender biri n'ime obodo nke Tushino. Anyị nọgidere na-ekwesị ntụkwasị obi ka isi obodo Kazan, Novgorod, Smolensk, Kolomna, Novgorod, Pereslavl-Ryazan.

Semiboyarshina

Otu n'ime ndị isi ihe ndị na-akara oj oo na Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 17, ghọrọ a mgbanwe. Shuya bụ na ike e wepụrụ. The management osisi nke mba guzo asaa boyars - Semiboyarshina. Dị ka Russian Tsar , ha ghọtara Vsevolod, ndị Polish Prince. Ndị bi n'ọtụtụ obodo ṅụụrụ Falsdmitry 2. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị na-adịbeghị anya megidere pretender. The ezigbo ihe iyi egwu nke Ụgha Dmitry II amanye kansul ka boyars na Moscow na Polish-Lithuanian agha. Ọ na-e weere ya na ha ga-enwe ike ịkwatu nduhie. Otú ọ dị, Ụgha Dmitry e dọrọ aka ná ntị banyere ya na ngwa ngwa hapụ ha mara ụlọikwuu.

agha

Distemper na Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 17 gaa n'ihu. Ọ malitere mba ntọhapụ ije. Ọ mee ka guzobere militias. The mbụ e nyere n'iwu nke a nobleman nke Lyapunov Ryazan. Ọ na-akwado site na ndị na-akwado ụgha Dmitry II. Otu n'ime ha bu ndi-isi Shakhovskoy, Troubetzkoy, Masalskaya, Cherkassy na ndị ọzọ. On n'akụkụ nke militias ọ dịkwa Cossack nweere onwe, onye isi bụ Ataman Zarutsky. Nke abụọ ije malitere n'okpuru idu ndú nke Kuzma Minin. A kpọrọ ya òkù ka a ndú Pozharsky. Na 1612, ke ini utọ, na nso nso Moscow ga-akpa agha ṅụụrụ ịkwado Ụgha Dmitry atọ. Ndị agha Minin na Pozharsky na-enweghị ike ikwu okwu na isi obodo, mgbe ndị na-akwado ẹkenịmde chịrị e nduhie. Na nke a, ha mere ka ha mara ụlọikwuu Yaroslavl. Ke mbubreyo August, ndị agha bịara Moscow. Na usoro nke agha a tọhapụrụ ndị Kremlin, ndị Polish agha bi ya capitulated. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, a eze ọhụrụ a họọrọ. Ha ghọrọ Mikhail Fedorovich.

mmetụta

Tụlee oj oo na Russia ná mmalite narị afọ nke 17 n'ihi na ya na-ebibi ike na ịdị omimi nke nsogbu na mba, i nwere ike eleghị anya naanị na ala nke obodo na oge nke Mongol mbuso agha. Nke a egwu oge ndụ nke ala biri na nnukwu territorial weere, akụ na ụba na-adakpọ. Great oj oo na-amalite narị afọ nke 17, ka ẹkedọhọ ọtụtụ ndụ. Ọ e bibiri ọtụtụ ndị na obodo, arable ala na obodo nta. The bi bụ ka nnọọ ogologo oge na-agbake gara aga etoju. Ọtụtụ ndị na obodo agafeela n'aka ndị iro, na nọgidere na ha aka a ole na ole ọzọ ọtụtụ iri afọ. Budata belata ebe nke na-emezu ala.