Dizel siri ike na-amalite, "oyi": ihe mere. Mmezi na ndozi nke dizel ugbo ala

Mee elu mee ala, ọ bụla ụgbọ ala nwe chere ihu na nsogbu dọgburu onwe-amalite engine. Na a na-eme na ma na petrol na dizel engine. Nke ikpeazụ bụ karịsịa na-ajụkarị ime ifufe oyi. Na niile n'ihi na nke Njirimara nke mmanụ dizel. Mgbe niile, n'adịghị mmanụ ụgbọala, e nwere ndị mba icheku ọkụ plọg, nke ga-mụnye ọkụ ngwakọta. Mmanụ a na-amụnyewo site mkpakọ ike. Plus dizel na esi na ala okpomọkụ. Ma ka na-agaghị esi n'ihu. Ya mere, ka anya na ihe mere ụtụtụ bụ ike ịmalite dizel. Main-akpata na ịgba akwụkwọ, hụ isiokwu anyị taa.

Starter na batrị

Kasị nke nsogbu na igba egbe emee ya ruru na-eyi nke abụọ a ọcha. Mgbe niile, na mmalite nke engine na-adabere na ha "oyi" na "ọkụ na". Ọ bụrụ na gị na dizel engine bụ ike na-amalite, "oyi", ihe mere nwere ike atara batrị. Nke ikpeazụ, nakwa dị ka mmanụ dizel, bụkwa egwu nke ala okpomọkụ. N'abalị, o nwere ike ida ruo pasent 20 nke ya ikike. Nke a bụ oge dị oké egwu exponent. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ọbụna ọhụrụ Renault Duster ga-amalite agaghị ekwe omume. Gịnị bụ ihe ngwọta ya? The mmepụta bụ naanị otu onye na - na-elekọta ọrụ "kụrụ" batrị. I nwere ike ime nke a na ọtụtụ ụzọ. The kasị nhọrọ - a "Booster". Site n'enyemaka nke "agụ iyi" na ị na jikọọ na ngwụcha isi batrị serviceable ụgbọ ala na-amalite engine si malite. Otú ọ dị, usoro bụ nnọọ ize ndụ, karịsịa maka batrị onwe ya.

Nke abụọ, nke ọzọ ala usoro - bụ iji na-akpọ boosters. Na-adịbeghị anya na ha na-na-ewu ewu n'etiti ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala. The booster bụ a obere batrị (tụnyere na akụkụ Ike Bank maka mobile igwe) na n'ime 30 sekọnd nwere ike inye a elu inrush ugbu a na "agbam ume" mode (ya mere aha). Nke a batrị - 12 V na adabara ọtụtụ ụgbọala na banyeghachi n'ụgbọala anyị na-engine ike nke aka 4 lita. Otú ọ dị, omume na-egosi na elu-edu "booster" bụ ike na-agba ọsọ ọbụna a ụgbọala engine. The naanị drawback nke ndị dị otú a batrị - bụ price. Ọ bụ iji tụnyere na-eri nke atọ mma ụzọ-acid batrị.

The atọ n'ụzọ - odori na anyịnya chaja. Ọ bụ ndị kasị dịrị nchebe, ma onye na-adịghị na usoro. Mgbe niile, iji weghachi furu efu 20 percent ụgwọ, na unit ga-dịkarịa ala minit 30 nke oge.

Ma ihe ndị na EBIDO, ha onwe ha kwa ada. O nwere ike ime ka a ọnụ ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ a na-eyi drive gia na meshes na okpueze wheel. Na nke ọ bụla, ị ga-enwe ike iji chọpụta nsogbu "site ntị". The Starter ga emit ọzọ ụda n'oge ọrụ.

Low mkpakọ dizel engine

Nke a bụ a nsogbu n'ihi na ụgbọala okenye karịrị afọ 20. Mkpakọ na dizel engine dị nnọọ iche mmanụ ụgbọala, ọ dịkarịa ala, 2 ugboro. Ebe ọ bụ na mmanụ ụgbọala na-amụnyewo site mkpakọ ike, mgbe ahụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ kwesịrị dịkarịa ala 20 atmospheres. Mmanụ ụgbọala engines nwekwara ihe ịga nke ọma ulo oru na na 8 atmospheres. Nke a ga-sonye na akaụntụ. Gịnị nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-akpata ala mkpakọ? Nke a bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi ihe na-eyi pistin, yiri mgbaaka. Nke ikpeazụ nwere ike na-edina na forms ellipse na cylinder mgbidi. Nsogbu a na-esonyere a nnukwu zhorom mmanụ. Site n'ụzọ, mkpakọ nwere ike furu a ole na ole, na otu cylinder. Na nke ikpeazụ ahụ nsogbu so na igba egbe vibration na-abaghị uru aga. Iji ịchọpụta na engine, mkpakọ a chọrọ froze. Na site na ndị a na-arụpụta ka anyị kwubie - engine idozi ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe a ọhụrụ. Na aka-ha ọ dịghị ihe na-apụghị mere - ọ bụ ọrụ minders. Ndị na-aga ịzụta ihe ochie dizel ndụmọdụ - elele mkpakọ na onye ọ bụla cylinder. Nke a obere nzọụkwụ ga-azọpụta unu na-atụghị anya na nsogbu na emefu ego.

na friji mmanụ

Nke a bụ ihe ọzọ na-ahụkarị ihe mere dizel engine bụ ike na-amalite, "oyi". Ihe mere na mmiri mmiri crystallization. Na onye ọ bụla usen okpomọkụ paraffin ịkpali guzobere mmanụ ụgbọala. Mmanụ ụgbọala na-aghọ urukpuru na oké, dị ka pudding. Ma, olee otú ígwè ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na n'ebe ugwu na mpaghara? Ghara nwere nsogbu na igba egbe, na oyi na-atụ oyi mmanụ dizel dị mkpa. Olee otú ọ bụ dị iche iche si nkịtị? N'adịghị ka okpomọkụ, oyi dizel mmanụ nwere nwekwara nke gbochie guzobe mmiri mmiri paraffins na crystallization. Mgbe niile, a oké mmanụ bụ adịghị ike banye n'ime pores nke iyo na mmetụta dị aṅaa, ọ bụghị banyere nozzles.

Ebe m nwere ike ịzụta a oyi mmanụ dizel? Nke a na mmanụ ụgbọala na-ere niile petrol ụgbọ na oyi na-atụ oge. Igbo n'ọdịnihu na-akwadebe maka oyi oge, diluting mmanụ ọkụ mmako "antigel". Mmebi nke engine ọ naghị arụ ọrụ - na ọ na-kwupụtara na ọtụtụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ petrol ụgbọ nwere ike na-ere mmanụ ụgbọala remnants nke okpomọkụ na oyi. Iji zere na-aghọ a aja ọnọdụ, nsogbu, na ahụmahụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na-atụ aro na-ebu a karama ANTIGEL na tinye ya na tank onwe gị. Karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na-atụ anya na ike jụrụ. Otosịrị iru gosiri na ntuziaka. Gịnị bụ kefriza ebe nke okpomọkụ mmanụ dizel? Mmanụ ụgbọala parafiniziruetsya ugbua na -5 degrees Celsius. Ya mere mgbe niile jụọ na mgbapụta, ihe Arctic bụ mmanụ ma ọ bụ.

ọzọ ANTIGEL

Ọ bụrụ na e a pụrụ iche n'aka ngwaọrụ gbochie crystallization nke manu ga-ekwe ka na breeki ọmụmụ. Ụfọdụ omenkà iji mmanya, na-agbakwụnye na ọ na tank. Otú ọ dị, na breeki ọmụmụ ihe were were na-agba site na mmanụ ụgbọala usoro ọnụ. Ma nọgide na-na-akwado iji nwekwara kpọmkwem iji mee otú ahụ. Otu liter ego uru banyere 500 rubles. Total olu bụ ezuru 1000 lita mmanụ ụgbọala. The dopant bụ ike nke na mbenata crystallization okpomọkụ ka -40 degrees.

The mmiri na usoro

Ebee ka ọ na-abịa site? Nke a nwere ike ịbụ a ghọọ mmanụ tank. Ọzọkwa, nsogbu chere ihu nwe bụghị naanị gwongworo, kamakwa nke ụgbọala, tinyere Renault Duster. The kasị ike ghọọ mmanụ guzobere oyi ihu igwe. Ọzọkwa, mmiri abatakwa tank nwere egbe. The iwu nke physics na a kagbuo - odide nwere ike na-etolite na tankị na gas ụgbọ onwe ha, n'agbanyeghị na ha na-ezo n'okpuru ala. N'ihi ya, mmiri aga n'ime tank na a na-edebe akwara. Na dị ka a maara, a ọmụmụ bụ immiscible na dizel mmanụ. Abami mmiri nwere ike imebi elu nsogbu mgbapụta.

Olee otú obibi na nsogbu a? Gwongworo mgbe enịm ọzọ nzacha, separators. Mmanụ ụgbọala agafe site na ha, kpochara nke adịghị. Tinyere ghọọ mmanụ separator amịkọrọ. Site n'oge ruo n'oge ọ na-drained site unscrewing a pụrụ iche valvụ na ala. Ọ bụrụ na a njem ụgbọ ala, nke na-eji na ugwu, ọ na-adịghị egbochi nwụnye nke separator. Uru nke a nyo-ekele site na ọtụtụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala. Nke a bụ n'ezie irè na ngwaọrụ na pụrụ isi chebe ndị engine si hama, na tank megide esịtidem corrosion. Ụfọdụ na ngwaọrụ na-onwem na kpo oku. A ana achi achi a ọma mmalite-elu na okpomọkụ nke ruo -50 degrees Celsius. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-eri ndị a nkeji - 30 puku rubles. Separators enweghị kpo oku nwere ike zụrụ 7-9 puku.

Air na mmanụ ụgbọala

Oddly ezu, ma n'ihi na nke a dizel siri ike na-amalite, "oyi". Ihe mere - ọnụnọ nke ihe airlock. Dị ka a maara, ndị cylinders, ikuku na mmanụ ụgbọala na-nri iche iche dizel engine. Ma ọ bụrụ na usoro kpụrụ "nkwụnye", njọ n'ike-n'ike ga-emebi. Motor ga ịghọta ozugbo uloanumaanu.

Oxygen na mgbapụta dara n'ihi mmebi na mmanụ ụgbọala akara. Inyocha na-arịọnụ ebe na ọnọdụ nke akpa onwe ha. Ga-free nke cracks na sagging mmanụ ụgbọala ha. Nke a nwere ike ime ka oké ikuku leakage. N'ihi nke a, ndị dizel engine bụghị ike na-arụ ọrụ kwesịrị. Olee otú idozi nsogbu? The ikuku tube a na-ewepụ site mmeghe valvụ pụrụ iche edozi na iyo.

Oke oké mmanụ

Dị ka a maara, dizel engines iji a dị iche iche mmanu karịa mmanụ ụgbọala. Otú ọ dị, nke a adịghị amụma mkpuchi ụgbọ ala site na ike na-amalite, karịsịa n'oge oyi. Na a ọnụ ke mmanụ okpomọkụ na engine amalite thicken. Starter ọbụna mgbe a na ebubo batrị ga-esi ike na-atụgharị flywheel, na ya, na crankshaft. A na-eji na dizel engine mmanụ a viscosity nke 15W-40. Mgbe ụgbọala n'okpuru oghom ọnọdụ, ndị ọkachamara nwere ike ikwu na Lower mmanya na 5W-30. More mmanụ bụ eme ka mfe adiana nke crankshaft, nke dị mkpa karịsịa maka engine na usen okpomọkụ.

mgbanye n'akuku

The dizel engines nwekwara a oke. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị soro ọkọlọtọ, na engine ga-agba ọsọ ike ike. Kwesiri ngosi achọghị vibration, dizel siri ike na-amalite, "oyi". Na-eme ihe ọjọọ, na kpughere carbon mgbanye oge. Ọzọkwa, a oke nwere ike "gbara ala." Olee otú n'ụzọ ziri ezi ka ndị mgbanye? Nke a na usoro na-achọ ụfọdụ nkà. Isetịpụ tupu n'akuku mgbazi nke fuel injection pụtara na a na-ọnọ ke a gaghị agara kpọmkwem mgbe na njedebe nke mkpakọ ọrịa strok. Na omume nke nkịtị kwa ntụpọ combustion pụtara na cylinders. N'ihi nke a, ohere nke detonation na n'ikwe na-abaghị uru. Olee otú n'ụzọ ziri ezi ka ndị mgbanye? The oke na-setịpụrụ adiana banyere axis nke mmanụ ụgbọala mgbapụta. Ọzọkwa, na n'akuku atọrọ site mbịne camshaft pole. Iji hazi, mkpa ka ị ga-esi na-engine flywheel, mgbe wepụ ya na casing. Ọ ga chọta igbochi on a flywheel na-lowered n'ime oghere, ma pịgharịa mmewere na igodo.

Ya mere, anyị malitere site crankshaft. Tụgharịa handwheel malite chọrọ tupu ọrụ lockable. Ọzọkwa chọta mgbapụta drive aro. Dizel na ọ na-ekwesịghị ihihi. Ikpokọta akara na mgbapụta Flange na mbanye njikọ. Next akwụkwọ mpịakọta, crankshaft onye ọzọ n'aka na anya ma ọ bụrụ na labelụ kwekọọ. Mgbe ịchịkwa ọnọdụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ. Mgbe tightening mbanye uwe ebuli na igbochi na flywheel. Val scrolled site 90 degrees. The igbochi ga-enịm ke uzo.

Na ikpeazụ ogbo nke wụnye flywheel ụlọ na ikesiike na kpọgide kposara. Malite engine na-elele ya na ime. Na-abaghị uru ndị engine na-ekwesịghị emit enweghị isi vibration na ije ga-free nke ọdịda na jerks.

Kandụl, ọsọ agba anọ

Ee, dizel engine nwekwara a kandụl. Otú ọ dị, n'adịghị ka mmanụ ụgbọala, ha kwesiri bụghị maka ọkụ nke ngwakọta, na n'ihi na ya na oriọna. Na ndị ọzọ okwu, engine na-preheated. Dizel-aghọ obere site oyi na-egbukepụ egbukepụ plọg. Ha na-karịsịa mkpa na oyi. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na moto bụ ike na-amalite, ọ ga-nyochara kandụl. Ikekwe, ha adịghị emepụta nkịtị kpo oku mmanụ ụgbọala maka a dizel engine. A ọcha na-kwadoro site na agba anọ na-onwem na ya akara unit. Nke ikpeazụ njikwa kpo oku nke kandụl dị na a gaghị agara ego nke oge. Mgbe a ụfọdụ oge nke ọkọnọ voltaji na ebua nkwụnye na-kwụsịrị. Relay anaghị arụ ọrụ ọzọ, n'ihi na kpo oku mmanụ ụgbọala maka dizel engines na-ama na-akwalite. Ma nke a abụghị mgbe niile ikpe. Ọ na-eme na kandụl na-akwụsị na mbụ ogbo. Na ebe a ihe bụ nsogbu bụ ugbua na ngwá electronic. Ọ bụ uru na-ele ọrụ nke agba anọ na electronic unit. The usoro ga-ebipụta a click. Ọ bụrụ na usoro nwere a fuuz, elele ya dị ka mma. Ikekwe mmewere ọkụ si na a na-awụlikwa elu voltaji, e nwekwara onye na akpaka yinye ezumike. Na nnọchi fuuz ọcha na-arụ ọrụ malitegharịa.

Ọ bụ uru na-eguzogide metering icheku ọkụ filament onwe ya. Nke a na-eme iji a multimeter. Otu tester na-chọpụtara agba anọ ọrụ. Ma ụzọ kasị mma isi - na-agbalị na-amalite engine na tupu serviceable unit na relays. Nke a na usoro-enye gị ohere ngwa ngwa ikpebi ihe mere siri ike ịmalite dizel.

mgbapụta nozulu

The ikpeazụ n'ime ime ihe nwere ike nnọọ mmeru. Inside kpụrụ lacquer na sọlfọ ego na ya. Ọzọkwa, anaghị echefu banyere ihe dị otú ahụ ka eke eyi na dọkatụrụ adọka nke nozzles.

Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti mmanụ ụgbọala usoro nke dizel engine bụ na mmanụ ụgbọala ọkọnọ na-emepụta n'okpuru elu nsogbu. On oge a nkeji na injection "Common Okporo ígwè" ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ 200 MPa. N'ihi na ha tụnyere, ndị injector na-arụ ọrụ n'ime 4-5 MPa. Ofufe nozzles na-eduga ná nsogbu imipu ọrụ. N'ihi ya, mmanụ ụgbọala mgbali dara. Ọ ọnọdụ - ihicha ma ọ bụ dochie nke nozzles (dabere na ha n'ókè nke na-eyi). Ighikota na ịchọpụta ndị a ọcha naanị ya na-agaghị na-atụ aro. All ndenye ego ka na pụrụ iche ila. Ọ ga-kwuru na unyi injectors, na mgbakwunye na a ala nsogbu abụghị ike ịgba ndị ngwakọta n'okpuru nkịtị ọwa. A na-eche na ime ihe nke engine - na engine na-abaghị uru troit, efu traction, enwekwu oriri.

Atụmatụ

N'okpuru ebe a, anyị na-egosi a ole na ole Atụmatụ na otú e si amalite na dizel engine na oyi ihu igwe :

• Nọgidenụ serviceable batrị. Na pasent 80 nke ikpe, nsogbu idu ke batrị-set. Unu na-eji kwa ochie batrị, nke bụ afọ nke 5 afọ ma ọ bụ karịa. N'ihi na ukwuu n'aka kwesịrị ịzụ a "booster", nke ga-enye a mmalite-elu ugbu a na-dabere na ogo nke gị batrị ụgwọ.
• Olee na-amalite a dizel engine na oyi ihu igwe? Ọ bụrụ na a mmalite mere na oyi na-atụ, i kwesịrị 'eteta "batrị. Iji mee nke a maka sekọnd ole na ole, gbanye ọkụ ihu.
• Ọ bụrụ na e nwere oké frosts, na ịchekwa a batrị home maka n'abalị. N'oge ruo n'oge na-ehicha ọnụ posts na batrị ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-oxidised. Iji mee nke a, na-eji pụrụ iche sprays ma ọ bụ ike ike sandpaper.
• Na-ahọrọ nri mmanụ. Cheta na okpomọkụ na-lowered, ọ na esi ike. A mgbanwe bụ mmanụ "n'ala" ga-arụ ọrụ. On igwe na a agbara nke na-erughị 100 puku kilomita na ọ na-atụ aro iji sịntetik ma ọ bụ ọkara sịntetik mmanụ a viscosity index 0W ma ọ bụ 5W.
• Tupu ogologo oge na-adọba ụgbọala nwere ike wụsara n'ime mmanụ 100-150 milliliters nke mmanụ ụgbọala. Diluting mmanụ ụgbọala lubrication na engine malite enweghị nsogbu ọ bụla "na oyi na-atụ". The usoro adịghị emerụ ahụ moto, ma unu adịghị eme ihe n'ụzọ ya.
• Tupu ịmalite na-Starter a obere ihe bụ isi na-atọ ọnọdụ. N'oge a nke oge ka ikpo na-egbukepụ egbukepụ nkwụnye mmanụ a na-akwadebe ya ọkụ. Dị ka a na-achị, n'oge a akpakanamde ngosipụta akara ngosi na ngwá ụyọkọ.
• Ọ bụrụ na ndị engine anaghị amalite n'ime 10 sekọnd, gbanyụọ Starter. Ma ọ bụghị oge nke ya ọrụ ga-abuana a ike n'ahụ nke batrị. Na-emekarị, na moto bụ ezuru 1-2 sekọnd na-amalite.
• Jiri ANTIGEL. Ma wụsa ya n'ime tank tupu refueling dị mkpa.
• Na ezigbo oyi nke mbụ 1-2 kilomita kwesịrị ịga ala gbapụrụ ọsọ na-agba ka n'akụkụ nile nke ụgbọala ọma ụtọ.

ọgwụgwụ

Ya mere, anyị chọpụtara na ihe mere dizel siri ike na-amalite, "oyi" na isi dozie nsogbu a. Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, ọtụtụ mgbe ihe bụ nsogbu bụ na-adịchaghị mkpa. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ọ na-abịakwute eyi nozzles ma ọ bụ rapaara pistin wiil, Ndozi ga-ekpe ka ọkachamara.