Ọla kọpa oxide

Cuprum (Cu) na-ezo ka ọnụ ọgụgụ na-adịghị ejekwa ọla. Ọ e ji guzobe chemical ogige na ọxịdashọn-ekwu, nke +1 na +2. Dị ka ihe atụ, ha abụọ oxides, bụ a onyinye nke ihe abụọ nke Cu na oxygen O: ọxịdashọn ala +1 - cuprous oxide Cu2O na ọxịdashọn ala +2 - ọla kọpa oxide CuO. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ha iso nke otu chemical ọcha, ma onye ọ bụla nke ha nwere ya pụrụ iche e ji mara. Na oyi na-atụ metal akpakanam nnọọ weakly na oxygen na ikuku, kpuchie a film, nke bụ a ọla kọpa oxide, nke na-egbochi ọxịdashọn oyiyi akwa cuprum. Mgbe ewe iwe, a mfe umi na a usoro nke 29 na nke oge table kpamkpam oxidized. Na nke a na-kpụrụ nke ọla kọpa oxide (II): 2Cu + O2 → 2CuO.

Nitrous oxide bụ a brownish-acha ọbara ọbara siri ike na a molekụla arọ nke 143,1 g / ahumachi. The compound nwere a agbaze okpomọkụ nke 1235 ° C, esi ebe 1,800 Celsius C. Ọ na-adịghị igbari ke mmiri ma dissolves na asịd. Toro ọla kọpa oxide (m) na amonia ngwọta (lekwasị), akpụ a colorless mgbagwoju [Cu (NH3) 2] +, nke na-adị mfe oxidized na ikuku na amonia mgbagwoju acha anụnụ anụnụ-acha odo odo na agba [Cu (NH3) 4 (H2O) 2] 2+ dissolving na hydrochloric acid na-etolite CuCl2. Na okporo ọkụ physics akụkọ ihe mere eme Cu2O bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị na-amụ ihe.

Ọla kọpa oxide (m), a makwaara dị ka nitrous nwere isi Njirimara. Ọ nwere ike na-akwadebe site ọxịdashọn nke metal: 4Cu + O2 → 2 Cu2O. Adịghị dị ka mmiri na acid na-emetụta na ọnụego nke usoro a, na n'ihu ọxịdashọn na ferrous oxide. Cuprous oxide nwere ike etisasịwo ke na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid, si otú na-akpụ a dị ọcha metal na a nnu-ya: H2SO4 + Cu2O → Cu + CuSO4 + H2O. A yiri atụmatụ bụ mmekọrịta nke oxide na a ogo ọxịdashọn nke otu metal ndị ọzọ na oxygen-nwere asịd. Na mmeghachi omume nke nitrous acid na halogenated monovalent metal nnu ụdị: 2HCl + Cu2O → 2CuCl + H2O.

Hụrụ ọla kọpa oxide (m) na ọdịdị dị ka red ore (ochie a aha, tinyere dị ka rubi Cu), ịnweta akpọ "Cuprite". On ya guzobere na-ewe ogologo oge. Ọ nwere ike na-emepụta artificially ma ọ bụ na okpomọkụ n'okpuru elu oxygen nsogbu. Nitrous-na-eji dị ka a fungicide, dị ka a ink, dị ka mmiri n'okpuru osimiri antifouling gị n'ụlọnga na agba ma ọ bụ oké osimiri, na-eji dị ka a mkpali.

Otú ọ dị, mmetụta nke a umi na chemical usoro Cu2O na organism nwere ike na-emerụ. Mgbe kuru, ọ na-akpata mkpụmkpụ nke ume, ụkwara, na mmerụ ahụ na perforation nke akụkụ okuku ume tract. Ọ bụrụ na loro, iwe na eriri afọ tract, Bilie vomiting, ihe mgbu na afọ ọsịsa.

Higher oxide ọla kọpa na ọdịdị a ntụ ntụ si aja aja na nwa. Ọ na-adị ndammana dị ka a ịnweta, "ndị tenor" ya purest ụdị. Ya agbaze okpomọkụ bụ 1326 ° C, esi ebe 2,000 Celsius C. Ọ bụ unyi anaghị agbasa na mmiri, na mmanya, ammonium hydroxide, ammonium carbonate ngwọta. Soluble na okenye agbanwe agbanwe nke ammonium chloride na potassium cyanide. Nke a nwa siri ike nwere ike enwetara site na kpo oku na ikuku Cu. Otú ọ dị, na nke a na-kpụrụ oxide Cu. Nkwadebe nke ọla kọpa oxide CuO optionally na kpo oku ogige:

• ọla kọpa (II) nitrate 2Cu (NO3) 2 4 → NO2 + O2 + 2CuO;

• ọla kọpa (II) hydroxide Cu (OH) 2 → H2O + CuO;

• ọla kọpa (II) carbonate CuCO3 → CO2 + CuO.

Cuprum (II) oxide bụ isi, n'ihi ya, ọ dissolves na ịnweta asịd (hydrochloric, na igirigi ibu sulphuric na nitric) iji nye kwekọrọ ekwekọ divalent Cu salts:

• 2HCl + CuO → CuCl2 + H2O;

• H2SO4 + CuO → CuSO4 + H2O;

• 2HNO3 + CuO → Cu (NO3) 2 + H2O.

Mkpatụ ọla kọpa oxide (II) na a lekwasị alkali na-etolite a nnu: 2 Koh + CuO + H2O → K2 [Cu (OH) 4].

The oxide nwekwara ike belata ka dara Cu site mmeghachi omume na hydrogen ma ọ bụ carbon monoxide :

• H2 + CuO → Cu + H2O;

• CO + CuO → Cu + CO2.

Jiri nke ọla kọpa oxide (II) na ceramik (dị ka a ink) maka glaze (-acha anụnụ anụnụ, green na-acha uhie uhie, na mgbe ụfọdụ pink, isi awọ ma ọ bụ nwa). Ọ na-eji dị ka a nri mmako na anụmanụ iji belata cuprum erughi ke idem. Nke a abrasive ihe, nke dị mkpa iji Polish ngwa anya akụrụngwa. Ọ na-eji maka mmepụta nke akọrọ batrị maka nkwadebe nke ọzọ Cu salts. The compound a na-eji na CuO ịgbado ọkụ ọla kọpa alloys.

N'ebe a chemical compound CuO nwekwara ike ịdị ize ndụ maka ahụ mmadụ. Mgbe kuru, na-eme akpa ume iyatesịt. Ọla kọpa oxide (II) nwere ike ime ka ahụ ọkụ dara vapors (MFF). Cu oxide akpalite a mgbanwe ụcha akpụkpọ ahụ, nwere ike nwere nsogbu na anya. Mgbe ingested dị ka nitrous eduga nsi, nke na-esonyere mgbaàmà nke vomiting na ihe mgbu.