Summer Dvorets Elizavety Petrovny: nkọwa, e ji mara na akụkọ ihe mere eme

A ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke n'obí ụlọ, akụ na ụba na okomoko nke gụchara gbanwee ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọdịdị St. Petersburg ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Mgbe niile, obodo a bụ ma ama n'ihi na ya pụrụ iche ulo elu nile nke ndị isi ọchịchị, a ma ama na ndị ọzọ na-akwanyere ùgwù mmadụ. Kwesịrị akwa anya na Summer Obí nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Elizabeth. Maka nkọwa ndị ọzọ banyere ya, ị ga-amụta site na-agụ isiokwu a.

The omenala ndụ nke isi obodo n'oge ọchịchị nke Elizabeth

Na accession ocheeze nke ọhụrụ Eze Nwanyị Ukwu na ala malitere ọzọ na-adọ nke mmepe nke omenala na ngalaba. Nke a heyday nwere mmetụta na isi obodo. City ukwu gbanwee. Na oge nke omenala mmepe nke St. Petersburg mmasị maka owuwu nke ihe ncheta. Ọ kwesịrị nlebara anya pụrụ iche na Summer Obí. Ulo elu nke St. Petersburg a ụbọchị itu n'anya obodo na njem nleta.

Na ụbọchị nke ọbubu-eze nke Elizabeth (1741 - 1761) na-ewu nke obí eze nwere a pụrụ iche ọ pụtara. Mgbe ahụ mbuli elu nke ndị a masterpieces aku Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli, otu nke kasị mma architects na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ala. N'etiti ndị ya ọrụ na-agụnye Summer Obí na Elizabeth. Ọ ga-kwuru ka ndị kasị mma na-arụ ọrụ nke-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ.

General e ji mara nke ụlọ

Summer Dvorets Elizavety Petrovny na St. Petersburg e wuru BF Rastrelli n'oge oge site 1741 na 1744. Dị ka-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ, ụlọ na-agụnye banyere 160 ụlọ, otu nke bụ na chọọchị na veranda. The ulo uku eze mma na ọtụtụ ihe ọkpụkpụ, isi-iyi na ubi. N'ime oge ahụ, m chere na obi nke a ọtụtụ mgbanwe metụtara dissatisfaction nke-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na ọrụ ya. Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, e wee na-ewu na-eme.

Summer Dvorets Elizavety Petrovny: History of ewu

Ókèala nke Mikhailovsky Castle, ke akpa ọkara nke XVIII narị afọ bụ ndị Summer Garden - eze ala na ụlọ nke Peter I. Mgbe a na ogbo nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu iwe iwe Ioannovnoy e nyere ya iwu na-amalite na-ewu nke ulo. Construction nyere ndị atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Rastrelli, Jun. Ma-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-enweghị oge na-amalite ọrụ n'oge ndụ nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu.

Na 1740, ike ebe Anna Leopoldovna, nke kpebiri iji mejuputa oru ngo dabeere ya ụzọ. Ma mgbe a ka e nwere a kuu, na nke alaeze ukwu ike na-agafere nke ọdụdụ nwa nwaanyị nke Peter m, Elizabeth. Crown adaeze enye F. B. Rastrelli nyere iwu erection nke Summer Obí. Eze Nwanyị Ukwu nwere nnọọ obi ụtọ n'ihi nke-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-arụ ọrụ, ọ zụrụ ya ụgwọ site ọkara.

The kpọmkwem ụbọchị ibe edokọbara Ọdịdị ka na-anọgide controversial. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ, omume a dabara na 24 July 1741. Ọzọkwa, na mmalite nke tab mere na ọnụnọ nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Anna, di ya, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ụfọdụ nke ikpe na nche òtù.

Atụmatụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ style

Summer Dvorets Elizavety Petrovny bụ Russian Baroque style. Ọ bụ aha nke a set nke ụkpụrụ ụlọ na ọnọdụ na-pụta na ókèala nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu na Russian ala ke XII - nke Iri na Atọ ọtụtụ narị afọ. Facilities nke oge a na-ji:

• okomoko chọrọ nnọọ ụkpụrụ ụlọ forms;
• okomoko risịrị;
• na ojiji nke ịme ngosi uwe;
• iji eserese na gilding.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị na uwe nke oge igbunye Petrine Baroque, nke bilitere n'ihi na ụlọ ọ bụghị nanị na obodo kamakwa architects of Western Europe. Ha na a kpọrọ site Peter m, ka ennoble ọhụrụ isi obodo, St. Petersburg.

The kasị mara atụmatụ ndị Petrovsky Baroque:

• gbahapụrụ nke Byzantine okwu;
• mfe na irè;
• facades na shades nke acha uhie uhie ọcha;
• ọnụnọ nke symmetry forms;
• mansard ụlọ;
• archways nke windo.

O yiri Summer Obí

Ọtụtụ nke Mbipụta na ihe osise ẹnịm si oge ahụ, ọ fọrọ nke nta kpọmkwem na-egosipụta ọdịdị nke ulo. The ndabere maka n'ala nkume a họọrọ nke abụọ - a osisi. The ụlọ na-ese na ìhè pink shades, Ichi na Baroque style. N'ala ka nke konkiri na ndị isi awọ-green agba. Summer Obí nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Elizabeth abụọ facades: isi facade chere ihu na Moika, n'ebe Summer Garden, na ndị ọzọ na - na Nevsky atụmanya.

Mere ndokwa gburugburu perimeta nke outbuildings na ṅomie ụdị iche.

Tinyere Fontanka e wuru a dum ụzọ, nke e so site greenhouses na mkpụrụ osisi. Part nke ókèala e nwere site na Elephant si yad, na ndi bi na nke, ma ọ bụrụ na i chọrọ, amụkwasị Fontanka.

The abanye n'obí e chebere ya dum n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá, nke sparkled ọlaedo abụọ-gawa ugo. Ọnụ ụzọ ámá ahụ mma na openwork lattice. N'elu nsu e nwere otu nnukwu n'ihu ụlọ.

View nke isi facade nọchiri nnukwu ifuru ubi na osisi, site na nke a nwetara a ụdị ogige.

Central ụlọ enyene a nnukwu isi ulo. Ya bohemian mma enyo, marble ọkpụkpụ na ihe osise na-ese site na ama nka. N'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ụlọ guzo eze ocheeze. Ibi ụlọ, mma na carvings nke gilding, bụ ndị ziri ezi ke n'ihu ọnụ ụlọ. N'èzí nke ụlọ ahụ wee na mgbakọ steepụ.

Kwupụta Moika chọrọ mma na ifuru parterres. Ọ na-ụlọ atọ ọdọ mmiri n'Isi Iyi, na-enwe mgbagwoju udi.

Ọzọkwa mgbanwe nke n'obí

N'oge afọ, e dechara ya kpuchie gallery, site na nke na ọ bụ ike na-a ije na Summer Garden. Na mgbidi a gallery na-eyịride na ihe osise nke ama ama ese. Ọ na-a haziri Ofel na nghọta ubi, nke na-agba ọsọ na mezzanine larịị, ebe hermitage na isi iyi. Ngwe mpụga e chebere ya gilded Ogwe. Mgbe e mesịrị na nkebi nke a e kwukwara n'obí chọọchị.

Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, na nso nso ulo-ya a kụrụ ornamental ogige. Site na ya na-agafe a nnukwu maze bosquets na gazebos. Ke ufọt ogige e enịm swings na roundabouts.

Na ókèala n'akụkụ ka obí e wuru mmiri elu, ebe ọ bụ na nke mbụ mmiri iyi enweghị mkpa nsogbu. Mmiri dị otú ahụ n'ụlọ elu na ennobled site a n'obí murals.

Rastrelli bụ afọ ojuju na ọrụ ya. N'ihi nke a, a afọ iri gasịrị, ọ ga-eme ka a osisi Summer Dvorets Elizavety Petrovny a masterpiece. Rastrelli mgbe nile reworked akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ụlọ. Ya mere, mgbe mgbidi e gbanwee na mgbakọ window okpokolo agba na Atlanta. Ka ha mma na-eje ozi dị ka ọdụm masks na mascarones.

aka

Summer obibi - akpa onwe ulo Elizabeth. Na Eze Nwanyị Ukwu na ụlọ a dịghị onye bi. Tsesarevna enyene ọwụwa anyanwụ nku nke obibi. The n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nku e debeere n'ụlọikpe.

Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Elizabeth enwe mmasị n'ebe okomoko nke Summer Obí. Kwa afọ, na April, na Eze Nwanyị Ukwu bụ n'ebe ahụ Winter Obí dozie maka a oge ke ndaeyo. Na ya na-birighachi na dum yad. Ihe omume a na-a ezigbo ememe, Bilie ìgwè ndị egwú na ogbunigwe firing. Na September, Elizabeth kpaliri azụ.

The n'ihu eke nke okpomọkụ obibi

Na 1754, ndị Summer Obí na St Petersburg Elizabeth ghọrọ omumu nke Paul m, ga-abịa na ike.

Na 1762 e e rụrụ na oge nke oriri nke udo nkwekọrịta na Prussia.

Ozugbo ọhụrụ Emperor Paul m wee ike, o kwuru ozugbo nyere iwu demolition nke ụlọ. Na ya ebe e wuru ulo uku eze, maara taa dị ka St. Michael si. Ọ bụ na nke a obi biri ndụ nke Paul I.

Dị ka otu akụkọ, ndị Mikhailovsky Castle e wuru bụghị site ohere na na saịtị nke Summer Obí. The eze ukwu chọrọ imefu fọdụrụ ndụ ya n'ebe a mụrụ ya. The ọzọ akụkọ na-ekwu na ndị nche bụ onyeisi ndị mmụọ ozi Michael ma nye iwu iwu a temple n'ókèala, bụ ebe e nwere okpomọkụ Dvorets Elizavety Petrovny. Mgbe nke a mere, eze ukwu nyere iwu ka na-amalite na-ewu nke a ọhụrụ n'obí a chọọchị na aha Arhistratiga Mihaila. N'ihi ya, Mikhailovsky Castle nwetara aha ya site ntụnyere na Mihaila Arhangela chọọchị.