Tvertsa River, Tver region: nkọwa, foto

A tributary nke Volga River nso ama Russian obodo nke Tver na ya ekpe tributary a na-akpọ Tvertsa. Site n'oge immemorial osimiri Tvertsa na-eje ozi na ndị mmadụ: ọ bụ ihe siri ike akara nke we rida na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke waterway si Volga ka kpara ọdọ Ilmen, n'ebe ahu ka Novgorod, na mgbe e mesịrị na narị afọ nke 18, na ọmụmụ nke Vyshnevolotskaya osimiri usoro - n'ime ugwu isi obodo nke Russian alaeze Ukwu.

On a waterway na ya na-akpali na aha ma a ụzọ gwa anyị akwụkwọ.

Malite aha nke osimiri Tvertsa

Ọkà mmụta sayensị na akụkọ ihe mere eme ka ike na-a otutu mmadu kwenyere banyere mmalite nke a aha bụ nnọọ akpali. Ekele onye a na-akpọ osimiri Tvertsa nke e si na aha nke asụsụ? E nwere ọtụtụ nsụgharị - Slavic, Polish, Finno-Ugric na ọbụna Lithuania, dị ka nke ndabere nke a vibrant n'ihi na Finnish tiori ( «ngwa ngwa"), Slav "siri ike", Polish twierdza ( «Ebe e wusiri ike") ma ọ bụ Lithuanian Tvora ( "ngere") .

Ikekwe ụfọdụ jide niile ndị a aha, ebe ọ bụ na "ọrụ n'aka ebe" ihe oyiyi na Tvertsa ọnụ nke osimiri ahụ, kemgbe oge ochie ndị mmadụ biri - mbụ Finno-Ugric ebo nile, mgbe Slavic, na ihe nile osimiri ahụ dị mkpa, o jere ozi dị nchebe na support, m na-eri nri na uwe. Anyị ga na-achọ ezi mgbọrọgwụ nke aha, ebe ọ maara na ọ fọrọ nke nta agaghị ekwe omume, ma na anyị na-dị ka ihe ndabere eziokwu na oge ochie osimiri, ihe ọ bụla anyị nwere ike na-akpọ ya, ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ rụrụ ndụ ndị niile bi na ya anoghi n'ulo oba.

feature

The mbụ isi mmalite nke osimiri ahụ, bụ taa na ebe ama ama Vyshny Volochek, ka anya na ihe ịga nke ọma drained.

N'ebe ha na ndị oge a elu-ịrị elu mepere emepe okụre ụba. Na elu esịmde nke osimiri na-ejikọ na osimiri ọwa Tsna. Na ogologo nke osimiri bụ nnọọ nnukwu - fọrọ nke nta 188 km, na ebe - karịrị 6500 square mita. km. Ọ agbatị tinyere bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke oge ochie Russian obodo nke Tver, Torzhok.

Ọtụtụ tributaries Tvertsa:

• Ekpe - Osechenki, Tigma, na-emighị emi Tigma, Logovezh, malitsa, Kava Shchegrov;
• Right - Osugi (kasị), Sominka.

hydrography

Na elu esịmde nke osimiri ndagwurugwu bụ nnọọ ọtụtụ. Ọ esịmde fọrọ nke nta 180 mita n'obosara. Torzhka ala n'etiti eruba na-narrowed ukwu na iju mmiri, na-eru ruo 80 m. The elu nke oké osimiri ebe a bụ 20-25 m. A na ndagwurugwu na downstream vnov kọwakwuru na 300 m na e jikọtara ya na a Ofel. Ya ọwa obosara bụ 30-50 m, na a retaining mpaghara na esịmde ruo 80.

Tvertsa River ama ukwuu esịmde omimi nke nke dịgasị n'etiti 1.5-4.5 m na rifts Ọtụtụ ndị na -. Small na-enwu a na-egbuke egbuke anyanwụ heats na uzo na crystal mmiri. Site n'ọnụ Volga River erukwa devyatikilometrovy backwater.

The osimiri ọwa jupụtara na rapids. Amaala bi n'ebe ndị a, njem na, na-eme egwuregwu na-enwechaghị ahụmahụ-osimiri alloy ụzọ KAYAK na ma aha ha -. Munsu, Babi, Prutensky, Yamskaya, wdg Ma pụrụ iche n'anya njem bụ ebe na ebe Osechenki - okporo ígwè n'elu ikpo okwu direction Tver - Bologoye. Ha na-atụle ihe kasị mma maka mmalite nke alloy. Na anya site na ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-akwụsị ka osimiri bụ di ntakiri - dịghị ihe karịrị a kilometa.

Tvertsa meghere, mgbe anyanwụ na-amalite n'ezie ikpo ikuku - na mmalite nke April. The obere ice na-agbasa n'ihi na 3-4 ụbọchị, na idei mmiri nwere ike iwe ruo ọnwa isii. River adahade dọlite ice na njedebe nke November.

The osimiri

Ebe ọ bụ na Tvertsa jupụta mmiri nchekwa Vyshnevolotsk kpụrụ osimiri na Tsna Shlino, ọ na-jubigakwara ókè na malite. Mmiri a bụ ọkara nke ndị na-abata ike, 30-35% mkpụrụ ala ala, na 15-20% - na mmiri ozuzo.

Ịnata na isi ike nke usoro Vyshnevolotskaya artificially usoro dams Tvertsa osimiri (Tver mpaghara), mgbe ụfọdụ, otú ahụ shallower.

atụmatụ ụzọ

The osimiri na-aga na a nnọọ elu mmiri, ama maka lush ọhịa - mbuaha na coniferous. More oghe n'ụsọ oké osimiri elu esịmde: ebe a, na mmalite, ọwa obosara nke dị 15 m, omimi nke 1 m, n'ebe ụfọdụ nnukwu nkume-ebili. Pụọ n'obodo White Whirlpool Tvertsa osimiri amama sharply n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, inyịme ruo 30 mita mainstream na-aghọ a obere miri. Na ebe ndị a, Ugboro rapids na ọtụtụ nke mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ochie, ugbua bibiri dams (atụ, na nso nso obodo. Indian).

N'ihi Vydropuzhsk amalite ọmarịcha iri atọ kilometa gbatia nke osimiri ahụ. N'ikperé bụ nkpoda, nkpoda. On ha - mara mma pine na spruce ọhịa. Ebe ndị a bụ nnọọ adịghị - kpamkpam kọrọ ọ bụla mmezi, na a na-emetụta nke ala nke ọhịa. Nke a na-aga n'ihu ruo mgbe ọnụ nke inflow Tvertsa - osimiri Osugi si abanye mmiri nke enwekwu dị ka omimi Tvertsa (1.5 m), ma obosara ya (40 m).

Mgbe confluence Osugi, na n'ihu Sjogren osimiri Tvertsa inweta ike, na-aghọ wider (ruo 80 m na akara) na nke miri emi (2 m). Otú ọ dị, n'ebe ndị a na shallows e nwere nnukwu boulders na size, pụtara na n'oge ochie, ada site na a glasia. The kasị ibu mpịakọta a ọmarịcha nkume shoals, ike okwukwo na a kacha nta omimi nke 20 cm na-emi odude na Prutni. Ebe a Tvertsa eme ka ụzọ ya site ikpọ obot moraine ridges towering n'elu mmiri.

Forest kpamkpam si mmiri n'okpuru Prutni na Mitin. Ya mere ha na-anọgide ruo Torzhok. Ebe osimiri bed aghọ wider (ruo 90 m), ma omimi ebe a bụ obere: on esịmde esịmde abụọ mita, na na set of rapids - nanị otu na ọkara. Ná mpụga obodo spas, bụ ebe osimiri loops, odomo na a n'ebe ndịda-westerly direction n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọzọ kpuchie ikenyeneke mbiet ephedra. Ebe a, n'etiti pines na ụgbọ mmiri afọ-ochie firs nwere ọtụtụ mara mma ebe, dịwo gara njem nleta na ndị ọkụ azụ.

N'okpuru ebe a na obodo nta nke Ọla kọpa ọhịa fọrọ akwụsị. Ebe a, oké osimiri na-ewe ihe kpamkpam dị iche iche echiche - ha na-sloping. The bed bụ replete na ọtụtụ agwaetiti na shoals, obosara nke osimiri na-nọ na 75 m, na omimi - 1.5 m. On a ụzọ nke ndagwurugwu kọwakwuru ukwu na na-emi odude tinyere bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke mmezi. Nke a na ngalaba nke osimiri na-aga site Tver, na mgbe aga n'ime Volga.

gwupụtara n'ala

On bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Tvertsa anya e biri ndị mmadụ, n'ihi na a ga-adaba adaba Central ebe nke osimiri ahụ. Taa, mgbe niile na-emeghe ọhụrụ na ọhụrụ ihe mgbe ochie na saịtị: prehistoric campsites, mmezi na-eli ozu mounds.

Ndị a sinik tụrụ ka na-n'ụzọ zuru ezu enyoba ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, na onye maara otú ọtụtụ nchoputa ka fraught Tvertsa osimiri. Photos osimiri na gburugburu ebe na-egosi. Na mgbakwunye na ebube mgbe ochie nketa Tvertsa ọtụtụ - a mmasị ebe ntụrụndụ na ịkụ azụ. Ọ bụ uru na-ekwu banyere ihe ndị dị ebube ncheta nke oge ochie Russian ije: on Tvertsa ọtụtụ ebe obibi na ụka.

River Tvertsa: azu

Of kasị ukwuu mmasị ka ndị ọkụ azụ na-anọchi anya elu na n'etiti esịmde nke osimiri ahụ. Karịsịa nkezi, ebe dị Tigmensky biva idobere. Ma Fans enwetaghị-adị njọ na-adịghị ọbụna kwesịrị ịhapụ Tver ebe: obodo n'ịkụ azụ na-ekwu na na mmalite nke na-ekpo ọkụ ụbọchị a azụ na-atarịta ibe ha arụ na bloodworm magburu onwe.