Budapest memorandum 1994

Budapest memorandum Ukraine, United Kingdom, Russia na US aka December 5, 1994. Document arụnyere nche na-emesi obi na njikọ na Ukraine si accession na Treaty na Non-Njupụta nke ngwá agha nuklia. Na 1996, a njikọ e ẹkenịmde.

fundamentals

The ederede nke Budapest memorandum 1994 enye Ukraine si nkwa wepu si n'ókèala ha niile ngwá agha nuklia na-adọ ha n'ụzọ. N'aka nke ya, na Russian Federation, na United States na United Kingdom mere:

• Na-akwanyere ndị ọchịchị, nnwere onwe na ẹdude ala nke Ukraine na dị na Final Act nke OSCE.
• Unu na-eji ngwá agha ọ bụla megide ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị onwe na territorial ike n'ezi ihe nke Ukraine, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị n'ihi na onwe onye na-agbachitere nzube ndị ọzọ na dị na UN Charter.
• -Ezere aku mmanye, na Aims ebutere mmejuputa site Ukraine nke ikike pụta ụwa ya ọbụbụeze na ọdịmma nke ya na-efu nke ala ọ bụla uru.
• Ina si UN Security Council maka ihe ozugbo na ihe omume na Ukraine dị ka a mba - party na Treaty na Non-mmụba nke Nuclear Ngwá Agha ga-n'okpuru egwu ma ọ bụ na-aja nke mbuso agha na ngwá agha nuklia.
• Unu na-eji ngwá agha nuklia megide Ukraine, na wezụga nke ikpe nke ọgụ na mba ọchịchị metụtara memorandum, n'ókèala ha na ndị òtù ha.
• -Enye ndụmọdụ, ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere esemokwu banyere n'elu ibu ọrụ.

China na France

N'oge ahụ, mgbe ọ na-aka site Budapest memorandum, zuru òtù nke Treaty na Non-mmụba Treaty abụọ nwere ngwá agha nuklia - France na China. Otú ọ dị, ha banye ederede nke akwụkwọ, ma gosi na-echebe site na issuance nke mkpa okwu. Ha dị iche bụ na e nweghị ihe na-amanyere bụ iwu nke ịchọ ndụmọdụ ambiguous ọnọdụ.

iwu ọnọdụ

Ugbu a, arụmụka na-aga n'ihu ma na akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ na iwu nkịtị. Dị ka nke 2014 Budapest memorandum bụghị e ratified. Dị ka Vladimir Ryabtsev, mbụ odeakwụkwọ nke Ukrainian Foreign Ministry, na-arụ ọrụ na nke a post na 1994-1995. na abuana ke nkwadebe nke akwụkwọ, mgbe ịbanye ajụjụ nke ratification na na-ekwu na ndị ọzọ, ọ bụghị. Mgbe ahụ, na echiche nke Ryabtsev, e nwere nghọta na Budapest memorandum, ihe odide nke nke e edise ke otu na-ekwu, a chọrọ maka nyere arụmọrụ.

Ryabtsev gosikwara echiche bụ na Russian Federation na 2003, mgbe a nọ a esemokwu gburugburu agwaetiti Ace gosiri ndị na-abụghị ọnọdụ na mkpa na ibu ọrụ nke aka akwụkwọ na Hungary. Kpụrụ mbụ odeakwụkwọ nke Ukrainian Foreign Ministry kwuru na na 2010 akpatre ghọtara na Budapest memorandum 1994 mba iwu nkịtị akwụkwọ bụ, dị ka ẹkenịmde ke kpuchie nke Review ntụle nke ihe ogbako gosiri eziokwu na ọ dị mkpa ka ịrụ nanị mkpa nkwekọrịta nke e ratified site na steeti . N'otu oge Vladimir Ryabtsev-ekwetaghị na-agbasokarị classifications n'oge ugbu memorandum dị ka a akwụkwọ na-egosipụta ọrụ nke ọzọ, na-na weere ya dị ka ihe interstate nkwekọrịta, n'ụzọ doro anya gwara arụmọrụ nke kenyere ọnọdụ.

Echiche nke ndị ọzọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọnụ ọgụgụ

Vladimir Gorbulin, ex-odeakwụkwọ Security Council nke Ukraine, na Alexander Litvinenko, Doctor nke Political Sciences, kwuru okwu banyere eziokwu na Ukraine ga ikpokota nnọkọ mba, nke na-akwadebe a ọhụrụ nkwekọrịta na nche di, nke ga-eji dochie Budapest memorandum na September 2009. Isonye na ogbako a gwara ise na steeti na-ekwe nkwa na 1994, Ukraine si nche, nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ na isi geopolitical egwuregwu.

Crimea nsogbu na memorandum

Russian President Vladimir Putin na ndabere nke ihe ndị na Crimea, March 1, 2014 natara ikike n'aka ndị Federal Council iji ókèala ndị Ukrainian ala, Russia si agha dị ka ogologo dị ka ọ dịghị normalized socio-na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọnọdụ ná mba. A jikoro bụ n'ihi, dị ka Putin, na nke ugbu a Ukrainian pụrụ iche ọnọdụ na egwu ndụ nke anyị compatriots, nakwa dị ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na, dị na ihe nkwekọrịta mba na ókèala nke Ukraine steeti a na gbapụ pesonel nke agha nkeji nke Russian Federation agha. Eze wakporo nweghị onye kwuru, ma e nwewo ọtụtụ ihe nke ndị mmadụ oké ọgba unmarked agha nrụnye agha nke Ukraine. Dị ka Ukrainian ọchịchị, ọ bụ Russian agha.

Putin kwuru

President of Russia ekwetaghị ná mmalite na anyị agha wee akụkụ ke Crimea nsogbu. Otú ọ dị, mgbe isonyere ndị Crimea n'ime Russian Federation Putin gosikwara na Russian agha na-akwado Peninsula agbachitere agha n'oge referendum. Ihe omume ndị a, dị ka president, e weere iji hụ ọnọdụ maka free okwu nke uche nke Crimea ndị mmadụ na nchekwaba na na Crimea udo gburugburu ebe obibi. Mgbe e mesịrị, Vladimir Putin kwuru na Russia mgbe zoro ezo eziokwu nke na-eji ha na ndị agha na-egbochi ndị agha nkeji nke Ukrainians.

Budapest memorandum n'anya Russian ọchịchị

Mba anyị na eze jụrụ ụdị ebubo emebi nkwekọrịta nke 1994 na ihe niile nke ha applicability n'ọnọdụ ahụ mere na Crimea. Russian President on March 4 2014 afọ bụ nke uche na ebe ọ bụ mgbanwe ke Ukraine, anyị nwere ike iche na on ya n'ókèala guzobere ọhụrụ ala, na Russia na mmekọrita ọ banye ọ bụla na-adịgide adịgide akwụkwọ.

M nyere a kwuru na ndị mba ọzọ Ministry on April 1 na RF dịghị ekwe nkwa na a ga-amanye akụkụ nke Ukraine megide ọchịchọ nke bi na-anọgide na ke mejupụtara, na 1994 Budapest memorandum na ọnọdụ ndị na-n'ihi omume nke na-elekọta mmadụ, akụ na ụba na anụ ụlọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ihe, na-adịghị emetụta . A ihe MFA of Russia were ihe na Crimea.

Ọnọdụ nke Russian Federation na umi nke okwu ahụ bụ nke a: na Budapest memorandum ya echiche naanị na ọrụ ghara ize iji ngwá agha nuklia na ha ghara iji ha megide ndị na-abụghị nuclear na-ekwu, na otú bụ Ukraine. Nke a ọrụ Russia ime n'ụzọ zuru ezu na, na ọ bụ ọ dịghị ụzọ chiri.

Ọnọdụ nke Ukrainian ọchịchị

Ukrainian n'akụkụ ekwere na Russia omume na Crimea, gụnyere peninshula isonyere Russia mebiri nke 1994 Budapest memorandum. March 21, 2014 nke The Verkhovna Rada nakweere Nkwupụta na ndị agha maka ntọhapụ nke Ukraine na ya kwuru na Russian Federation ọ bụghị nanị na-emebi ẹdude iwu nke Ọkaakaa Ukrainian na ala, ma na-leghaara norms nke mba iwu, nke na-enshrined ke UN Charter.

27 na March 2014, Andrei Deshchitsa, aghọ Minister nke Ọzọ Affairs nke Ukraine, n'oge ya okwu na UN General Assembly, kwuru na ihe integrated akụkụ nke Ukraine ala mba ahụ nọ na forcibly weghaara mgbe izu abụọ nke ndị agha na-arụ, na n'oge gara aga ụgwọ na-ekwe nkwa ọbụbụeze, nnwere onwe na territorial ike n'ezi ihe nke Ukraine na dị na Budapest memorandum. Deshchitsa jụrụ UN General Assembly na-akwado mkpebi nke territorial ike n'ezi ihe nke Ukraine, nke mara ọkwa a referendum ẹkenịmde ke Crimea, unenforceable.

Ná mmechi

December 5, 2014, na nke iri abụọ ncheta nke Budapest memorandum, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, Prime Minister, otu ugboro ọzọ a na-akpọ na ndị ọzọ na-na nkwekorita ịrụ nkwonkwo mee ihe iji na-amanye Russia iji mezuo ya nkwa ime. N'aka nke ya, Sergei Lavrov, Russian Minista mba, kwuru na memorandum-ebughị ibu ọrụ ịmata ihe mere na Ukraine, na kuu d'etat. On December 6, 2014, sonyere nke "Crimea Initiative" mara ọkwa na ọ bụ Ukraine dara Budapest memorandum, ebe n'oge nke ịbanye ọbụbụeze nke mba a na-emetụta na Republic of Crimea, peninshula na n'ozuzu ruo ọtụtụ afọ bụ onye òtù nke Ukraine ala iwu na-akwadoghị.

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na arụmụka banyere ọnọdụ nke aka December 5, 1994 akwụkwọ adịghị akwụsị n'oge a. Anyị nwere ike na-eso nmepe.