The agha obodo n'etiti North na South America. Na-akpata agha nke 1861-1865

Agha n'etiti North na South America na-otu n'ime ndị a kasị wụfuo ọbara n'ụzọ na guzobere nke oge a na American ọha mmadụ. Maka 5 afọ nke agha ma kpụrụ United States, n'agbanyeghị imerime ndị ike kpuchie ụzọ ya ga-eme n'ọdịnihu adị na mmepe.

USA na XIX narị afọ na ya disintegration

Ndị mbụ na ndị isi ihe mere nke a agha agha dị n'etiti na-ekwu, a mụrụ na chi ọbụbọ nke amalite ịchị. Na 1619, mbụ African ohu na-ada ka Virginia. M malitere na-etolite ohu usoro. Ole na ole ọtụtụ iri afọ, ọ malitere ịpụta mbụ ihe ịrịba ama nke a ga-eme n'ọdịnihu agha. Ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu malitere ikwu okwu megide ohu. Nke mbụ bụ Rodzher Uilyams. Nzọụkwụ site nzọụkwụ, wee malite ịpụta mbụ iwu ikwado ma mezie ndụ nke ndị ohu na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ natara "ụmụ mmadụ" ikike na-emekarị mebiri site na ndị nwe ha.

Na XIX narị afọ, mgbe agha n'etiti North na South America na-apụghị izere ezere, Congress ka na-agbalị ịchọta a ikwere site udo n'aka. Ya mere, na 1820, ndị Missouri imebi, nke rụpụtara na ebe ndị ohu e banyere e gbasaa. O doro anya na e nwere a ohu-ejide ókè-ala ebe. Ya mere, na South kpamkpam kewapụrụ onwe ya si North. Na 1854, na nkwekọrịta a kagbuo. Ọzọkwa, Republican Party na a n'elu ikpo okwu nke òtù na buso ohu e guzobere nke afọ a. Na na 1860 ọ ghọrọ nnọchiteanya nke onyeisi oche nke a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ike Abraham Lincoln.

N'otu afọ na US efu isii n'ebe ndịda na mpaghara, nke nwere kwuru ha ndọrọ ego si gọọmenti na e kere eke nke Confederate States. A ọnwa ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị, mgbe mbụ mmeri nke Confederation na Fort Sumter, ịdọrọ si US kwuru a n'ihu 5 na-ekwu. Northern ekwu mara ọkwa na nchikota ndi mmadu di - Civil Agha n'etiti North na South America na oru.

American South na ya omenala

Gịnị bụ obere ịrịba ama see okwu n'etiti ekwu, adị n'akụkụ site n'akụkụ ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ? Anyị apụghị ikwu na South bụ kpamkpam ohu na afọ ịta mmiri. Kama nke ahụ, na mmalite nke XIX narị afọ, e ẹkenịmde a ukwuu nke okwu megide ohu, ma site 1830 ha ike ọgwụgwụ.

The ụzọ dị n'ebe ndịda na-ekwu bụ fundamentally na-emegide ya North. Mgbe Mexico-American War States natara nnukwu ala. Tụụrụ ala dị mkpa aka. The planters ahụwo a ụzọ site ịzụ ohu. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, South aghọwo ihe agrarian region, na-achọ mgbe nile na- oru na nke e nwere a ịrịba ụkọ. N'ihi na nke dị ọnụ ala oru agha n'etiti North na South America. Ihe kachasi mkpa nke ndị agha, dị ka ọtụtụ akụkọ ihe mere eme, dina miri.

ugwu

Northern ekwu bụ zuru abụghị nke bourgeois nke South. Business na uchu North mepụtara site na ụlọ ọrụ na n'ibu injinịa. E nweghị ịgba ohu, na-agba ume na free ọrụ mmanye. Si n'ebe niile ụwa zukọtara ebe a ndị na-nrọ-esi bara ọgaranya na-eme ka a uba. Ke edere edere ebe e rụrụ na akọwaputa a mgbanwe usoro ụtụ isi, e ọrụ ebere. Ọ ga-ghọtara na, n'agbanyeghị ọnọdụ nke free ụmụ amaala, African America na North ndị abụọ na klas ndị amaala.

Na-akpata agha n'etiti North na South America

• The alụ maka-ekpochapụ ịgba ohu. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ na-ezo aka a na a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọdịbendị na Lincoln, nke dị mkpa iji mee ka ya na ikike na Europe.
• Ihe dị iche n'etiti echiche uche nke ndị bi na nke dị n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda na mpaghara.
• Ọchịchọ ịchịkwa ugwu nke dị n'ebe ndịda agbata obi site na ọtụtụ ndị oche ke House of Representatives.
• The ndabere nke ulo oru mgbanwe na-akọ ugbo na ngwaahịa nke South. Northern n'ógbè ịzụ owu, ụtaba na sugar na a inye nkwado ego ọnụego, ese planters na-adị ndụ kama ọma.

Course nke agha arụmọrụ ke akpa oge nke agha

Na April 1861 na Civil War malitere na North na South America. Historians ogologo oge nwere ike chepụta malitere agha. Mgbe atụnyere eziokwu nke shelling site ogbunigwe, o doro anya na agha ahụ nọ na Mmetụta Southerners.

N'agha nke mbụ na mmeri Confederate agha mere nso Fort Sumter. Mgbe nke a meriri, President Lincoln naputa "na egbe" 75 puku ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo. Ọ chọghị ọbara ngwọta ndị agha na awa na-akwụghachi ndịda na-ekwu, ya onwe gị na-ata ndị instigators. Ma agha di n'etiti North na South America ama apụghị izere ezere. Southerners mbụ mmeri n'ike mmụọ nsọ na-anụ ọkụ n'obi na-alụ ọgụ. Echiche nke nsọpụrụ na bu dìnkpà nke Nwere Obi Ike Southern bụghị ụmụ okorobịa na-enye ha nri ịdọrọ. Na uru na mbụ ogbo nke agha ka ukwuu na South - a zuru ezu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke agha a zụrụ azụ na mejupụtara otu, nakwa dị ka ngwá agha depots ka nọ mgbe agha na Mexico.

Lincoln kwusara a mgbochi nke niile Confederate ekwu.

Na July 1861, e nwere a agha na ehi Run River, n'oge nke e merie ndị agha nke jikọrọ aka. Ma, kama na-aga counter-agha na Washington, southerners họọrọ nzere si eme, na-emeri na uru furu efu. The see njọ n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1861. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na e nwere Southerners echeta, otú ihe gaara agha n'etiti North na South America. Ònye ga-emeri na a na ogbo nke ndị agha, ka ọ bụ na-abụghị Federation.

Na April nke 1862 na o were ebe onye nke kasị wụfuo ọbara agha na Civil War, nke gburu puku mmadụ isii ndị - Agha nke Shiloh. Nke a agha, ọ bụ ezie na arọ weere, na Allied agha merie na ugbua nke a ọnwa na-enweghị otu shot wee banye New Orleans na Memphis.

Na August, na Northern agha bịakwutere isi obodo nke jikọrọ Richmond, ma nkera nke nta Confederate agha edu General Lee, ike iguzogide ha. Na September, ndị agha ọzọ agha na ehi Run River. Ugbu a, i nwere ike jidere Washington, ma chioma ọzọ jikọtaghị ya na Confederates.

ekpochapụ

Otu nke na nzuzo opi Abraham Lincoln, nke ọ na-akụziri dị ka isi na-akpata esemokwu n'etiti ekwu, bụ-ekpochapụ ịgba ohu. Na na nri oge president ji ya kwusi ohu na-enupu isi na-ekwu, dị ka agha n'etiti North na South America nke 1861-1865 nwere ike-egbu oge maka a ogologo oge.

Na September, Lincoln bịanyere aka inwere onwe Mkpọsa na ebu agha na Union na-ekwu. Dobrich ohu nọgidere.

Ya mere, onyeisi oche nke otu shot igbu nnụnụ abụọ na otu nkume. Ọ mara ọkwa na ya na ụwa dị ka a mmadụ ọgụ maka ihe ndị ruuru nke nwa bi. Ugbu a Europe nwere ike ọ gaghị enyere ndị jikọrọ aka. N'aka nke ọzọ, onye na ọrịa strok nke pen, ọ mụbara size of agha ya.

The abụọ na-adọ nke agha

Na May 1863, nke abụọ na-adọ ndị agha mkpọsa. North na South America na-aga agha maliteghachiri na a ọhụrụ ịnụ ọkụ n'obi.

Ná mmalite July, ọ na-ulo oru a dị ịrịba ama agha Gettysburg, nke-anọ ọtụtụ ụbọchị, nke rụpụtara na Confederate agha na-amanye agbahapụ. Nke a mmeri were ndụ ọtụtụ puku mmadụ na-agbaji morale nke South, ha guzogidere, ma na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma.

July 4, 1863 Vicksburg dara General Grant. Lincoln ozugbo họpụtara ya ka onyeisi ndị agha nke northerners. Site na oge malitere a see okwu n'etiti abụọ kenkwucha ọchịagha - Lee ma Grant.

Atlanta, Savannah, Charleston - a obodo na mba n'okpuru akara nke Union agha. President Lincoln Davis zitere a akwụkwọ ozi àjà ụwa, ma North nwere na-erubere South, kama ịha nhata.

Agha n'etiti North na South America na narị afọ nke 19 biri na kwenye nke Confederate agha, ezi South dara, na azụmahịa na uchu North meriri.

pụta

• -Ekpochapụ ịgba ohu.
• US gọọmenti etiti nọrọ holistic akụziri.
• Representatives nke ugwu merie ọtụtụ ndị oche ke House na kewapụrụ mkpa maka azụmahịa na ụlọ ọrụ iwu, tie "purses" nke southerners.
• More karịa 600,000 ndị e gburu.
• Mmalite nke mgbanwe usoro mmepụta n'ebe ndịda n'ógbè, ngụkọta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta.
• Mmụba nke a otu US ahịa.
• Mmepe nke ahia ịlụ na-elekọta mmadụ na òtù.

A pụta mere agha n'etiti North na South America. The aha ọ natara a Civic. Nke a ọbara see okwu n'etiti ụmụ amaala ya abụghịzi na United States.