The isi obodo nke Bashkortostan. Ufa, Bashkortostan

Ufa - isi obodo nke Bashkortostan - kasị na nkà mmụta sayensị, omenala na ulo oru etiti nke Southern Urals. N'ihi mbo Ufimtsev, obodo ahụ bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ala Russia na-anọ. Broad emeghe ụzọ, green n'okporo ámá, a adabako Nchikota nke ochie ebe na oge a na ala-etolite a mma image nke obodo ukwu.

protohistory

Dị ka akụkụ nke Muscovy Ufa - ka e wusiri ike - e hiwere na 1574. Otú ọ dị, dị ka e gwupụtara nke obodo oge ochie nke Ufa-II, na Bashkir isi obodo nke ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 1,500. Na ókèala nke ochie obodo hụrụ na-egosi nke na-arụsi ọrụ na-elekọta mmadụ ndụ: gold blanks maka ọla, na nke ígwè ingots na metụtara nke nhazi, ceramik. Ya mere, ndị obodo ahụ bụ nnukwu ma dị ike. Dị ka ndị nnyocha, mmezi Ufa-II - bụghị na ndị ọzọ, dị ka ndị oge ochie isi obodo nke Bashkirs, kpara obodo nke Iman Kala (Oak Town), nke nwekwara dere Arab ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere Idrisi, XII narị afọ.

Modern Ufa (Bashkortostan) a sitere na Kremlin, nke e wuru iji nke Ivana Groznogo n'ala Bashkortostan. Mgbe kpọọ nke Kazan, na egwu eze nọ na-eche na n'otu oge ahụ jikọọ n'ala metụtara Tatars Bashkirs, ma ndị agha bụ kwa ike ọgwụgwụ. Mgbe nna ukwu nke Moscow nyere obodo ndi na n'afọ ofufo iso ọhụrụ ike ikwu, nke na-isi nke Russia na-eme n'ọdịnihu.

Site ebe e wusiri ike na obodo

Ewusiri City e odude na ụkwụ nke ugwu (na ndịda nke Pervomayskaya Square), ebe a ncheta e wuru Enyi. Site ná mmalite o were ochie n'okporo ámá nke obodo: Ọtụtụ nke Kazan (mbụ, ya afọ 400), Siberia (Mingazheva) Posadskaya Elias, Frolov, Usolye, Budanov, Sergius na Moscow.

Ọnọdụ nke obodo Ufa (Bashkiria) natara na 1582. Nke nta nke nta, a obere ebe e wusiri ike ghọọ a Central mmezi nke Bashkir ndị mmadụ. Lee, e nwere ụlọ ezumezu obodo - onwe-achị isi, na 1772 ghọọ a majie. 30 afọ mgbe e mesịrị, na 1802, mmezi na-aghọ a obodo nke ógbè.

Ufa Asaa-XVIII narị afọ

The isi obodo nke Bashkortostan na oge a bụ a typical obere n'ógbè ókè-ala obodo e wusiri ike. Ọ gụnyere:

• n'ụlọ mkpọrọ;
• tenements;
• suburban niile.

The isi ọrụ bụ agbachitere obodo n'ebe ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ ókè nke ala ịgbasa Russian ala. The center nke Ufa bụ citadel, gbara ya gburugburu a mgbidi, n'azụ nke, na ikpe nke onye iro iyi egwu, nwere ike ịhụ ndo bi fọdụrụ n'obodo.

Na mbụ, ndị obodo ahụ bụ banyere 300 ndị mmadụ, ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ezinụlọ - erughị 200. na Asaa narị afọ n'ọrụ bi nke mmezi bụ ịrịba: na nguzo nke ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi karịa iri na ise na ọgu iri. E wezụga ọrụ agha, ụmụ amaala na-agriculture: anụmanụ husbandry, apiculture, hotikoisho, cultivation nke ọka. N'etiti crafts mụbara tannery na uzú crafts (uzú emi odude ke bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke ọgba aghara).

Dị ka akwụkwọ, Ufa site na njedebe nke XVIII narị afọ ka toro ka 1058 mita, e biri 2389 bi, ọ bụ ezie na, dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ a, n'oge a ihe karịrị mmadụ 3,000 ndị mmadụ nọ na Ufa. Ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ amaala bụ commoner, Filistia. Ukwuu na-erughị kemgbe ndị agha, ndị ahịa na a ma ama.

The dum na netwọk nke n'okporo ámá nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na etiti nke Ufa ike kasị ọkachamara na ubi nke Russian mepere emepe atụmatụ atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ William Hastie, bụ onye na-akpan kpọrọ si St. Petersburg. Ọ bịara Ufa na 1819.

nlegharị anya

Kemgbe ahụ, mmasị nọgidere obere. Ugboro ọkụ ebibi osisi ụlọ na nkume wuru nnọọ obere. Nanị ole na ole ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta n'oge ochie obụrede mbụre Ufa. Bashkortostan - na ebe omumu nke na-akwagharị akwagharị, adịghị ịzụlite ihe ime mmụọ na omenala.

Otu nke chekwara samples of osisi ije - Church nke Ịrịọchite (ụbọchị laghachi XIX narị afọ) n'okporo ámá Mingazheva. N'oge Soviet oge ọ chọpụtara a sinima "Yondoz" Ugbu a ụlọ a malitere a chọọchị.

Station guzo n'etiti nkume ụlọ nke tupu revolutionary oge osisi "Ufa". Bashkiria na 1888 e jikọrọ ya mepere ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Ná mmalite, alaka nke Samara-Ufa Railway e wuru. Ebe ọ bụ na 1890 ọdụ ụlọ ahụ na-achịkwa ebutere Samara-Zlatousovskoy, 1949 - Ufa ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Ebe ọ bụ na 2003, a oge a na aha na ọnọdụ. Ugbu a, ndị ụgbọ okporo ígwè mgbagwoju "Ufa" dabara isi ntaghari ohuru.

Chebere na Ufa:

• House obodo gọvanọ (XIX narị afọ). Ugbu a na ụlọ a na ọ bụ Ministry of Health of Belarus.
• Architectural ncheta bụ na-ụlọ nke Noble Assembly (wuru na 1852). Ọ e nyefere ndị Ufa Academy nke Arts.
• Provincial ụlọ oru (1839). Ugbu a, a ọbara akụ.
• Ndị ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị.

Ihe odide kasị ochie ụlọ a na-atụle ga-nkuku-storey ụlọ gornozavodchikov Demidov (na October mgbanwe-Street 57). House wuru na n'etiti XVIII narị afọ. Mgbe ọnwụ nke ya onye nwe ya, Ivan Demidov, na 1823 n'ụlọ ahụ zụrụ site Ufa ahịa FS Safronov. The ụlọ bụ ma ama site na eziokwu na na November 1774 ọ kwụsịrị ọchịagha A. V. Suvorov.

Ụba Mmadụ

The isi obodo nke Bashkortostan bụ na n'elu Russian nde obodo, na-ewere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na 11 ebe. Ná mmalite nke 2015 ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na ya bi, dị ka mbido atụmatụ, dịrị 1.1 nde mmadụ. Ọ amụbawo tụnyere mmalite nke 2008, ihe fọrọ nke nta 70 000 ndị mmadụ. General omume igwe mmadụ ọnọdụ na 2007 e ji na-abawanye na ọmụmụ, Mbelata ke enwe na, dị ka a na ya pụta, na eke onu ogugu ibu. Maka oge mbụ ebe 1993, Ufa - nanị obodo-nde bi Russian Federation, bụ ebe e nwere a eke na-abawanye na 2008.

Atụ na ochichi

Administratively, na Bashkortostan - Republic. Ufa bụ isi obodo nke Ural mpaghara. 6.09.2007 na a nzukọ kansụl obodo nnọchiteanya mma ọkọlọtọ nke obodo. Nke a àgwà bụ dị iche na uwe nke ogwe aka nke na Bashkir isi obodo pụtara maka oge mbụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo. The uwe nke ogwe aka hụ na mbụ dị ka n'oge dị n'etiti na Asaa na narị afọ na agbanweela ịrịba mgbanwe. The ọhụrụ uwe nke ogwe aka e mma na debara aha 12.10.2006 Heraldic Council. Na emblem, na ọkọlọtọ na-styling-ejegharị ejegharị na green ubi marten.

The mbụ onyeisi obodo nke Ufa bụ Mihail Alekseevich Zaytsev. Mgbe a na ọnọdụ ya, a kpọfere ya post dị ka onyeisi oche nke Ufa City Council March 19, 1992. Na 1995 M. A. Zaytsev a họpụtara mbụ onyeisi oche nke State Assembly - Kurultai - nke Republic of Bashkortostan. Ọ bụ ihe ùgwù amaala nke obodo Ufa. Taa (2015) bụ isi nke Ufa aga II Yalalov.

Bashkortostan ebe na-subdivided n'ime distrikti. N'aka nke ya, Ufa ekewa asaa distrikti na 45 ime obodo niile, ha nọ n'okpuru ha. The obodo nwere 1237 n'okporo ámá. Ha ngụkọta ogologo dabeere driveways, embankments bụ 1475,2 kilomita. Na Ufa agglomeration ndụ nke 1.4 nde mmadụ (2008), ma ọ bụ onye na-na-atọ nke ngụkọta bi nke Republic.

ụlọ ọrụ

A n'ezie ike-arụ ọrụ ndị nke Republic of Bashkortostan bụ ma ama. Capital - sokwa. The kasị ibu ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ na-emi odude ke ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke obodo. N'etiti ha, ndị dike nke Bashkir mmanụ nnụcha na petrochemicals, na Ufa Engine-Building Association (UMPO). The Central n'okporo ámá nke ndị na ulo oru ebe - Pervomayskaya, ya abụọ n'akụkụ na-anyanya abụọ mara mma Obí Culture (S. Ordzhonikidze na Ufa Engine mkpakọrịta.).

The ụlọ a na-arụ site banyere abụọ na iri na abuo nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche nwe iche-iche. Otu n'ime ha nwere ike na-akpọ "RB Housing Fund", "Investment na Construction Committee of Ufa", "Bashkir Investment na Construction Company", "Bashkir Industrial na-ewu ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ" Institute "Bashkirgrazhdanproekt", "Archproject", "Bashmeliovodhoz" "Open ohere" nke arụmọrụ ndị ọzọ.

The mbụ ike osisi e wuru, na 02/01/1898. Ọ e wuru engineer N. V. Konshinym n'ego akpa ya na-ezitekwara ọkụ eletrik n'ụlọ ndị ọgaranya, n'obodo ukwu oru, na ulo oru na azụmahịa ụlọ ọrụ. Udo na etiti n'okporo ámá, na nke 50 aak oriọna na-arụnyere. Taa, ngụkọta ogologo nke ọkụ isi obodo nke Bashkortostan edoghi bụ 1669,23 kilomita, tinyere 549,3 kilomita - cable e. Street ọkụ kemgbe Mwepya "Ufagorsvet".

guzobere

The isi obodo nke Bashkortostan - a ghọtara na nkà mmụta sayensị na izi center. The mbụ ụlọ akwụkwọ a na-akpọ "tsifirnaya" na "agha". Tsifirnaya meghere Pita oge. About akwụkwọ, amaghị - ndidi ọbọhọ nanị "oge" nke ụdị ntaramahụhụ: ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụ a machibidoro iwu ịlụ di na nwunye, ma ọ bụrụ na ha n'afọ ofufo na-ahapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ. Agha ndị a kụziiri ihe ndị bụ isi nke mgbakọ na mwepụ, na-agụ, ogbunigwe e wusiri ike. Na 1778, ụlọ akwụkwọ e bufere agha obodo nke Orenburg.

Oghere nke mbụ guzobe wee ebe 10.04.1909 afọ. Ọ bụ Ufa Teachers 'Institute. Ebe a kwadebere nkụzi nke Russian asụsụ, mgbakọ na mwepụ, physics, eke sayensị, ihe mere eme, na ihe ndị ọzọ intricacies. Mgbe ahụ, ọ ghọọ Bashkir pedagogical Institute aha mgbe K. A.Timiryazeva. Ebe ọ bụ na 1957 - Bashkir State University. Taa, e nwere ihe karịrị iri na abụọ na mahadum na narị ụlọ akwụkwọ, kọleji, elu ụlọ akwụkwọ.

Culture na Egwuregwu

The isi obodo nke Bashkortostan bụkwa omenala isi obodo nke mba. Bashkir State Philharmonic mepere Ufa na 1939 na a mbụ synagogue na Gogol Street, 58. Ọ haziri site dere na ngosi Gaziz Almukhametov. United Philharmonic n'elu, operetta, ọla, ndiife orchestras na ndị ọzọ ọzụzụ.

Na 1274 Ufa egwuregwu ụlọ ọrụ, gụnyere 4 stadiums na ila maka 1,500 oche ma ọ bụ karịa, Obí Sports abụọ wuru ice rink, racecourse "Akbuzat" mgbagwoju jumps, biathlon mgbagwoju "Ufa-Arena", a oge a na ámá egwuregwu "machini". Ọ na-ẹkekerede na-ewu nke mmiri ogige ntụrụndụ na Ufa. Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama Ufa ọgbọ egwuregwu.