Tsar Bell. Ebee bụ Tsar Bell?

Otu ihe pụrụ iche na-adọrọ mmasị nke Moscow Kremlin bụ a ụwa na-ama Tsar Bell. Nke a ngosi a na-ewere a ụdị Russian nka nke iri na asatọ na narị afọ na kasị elu nweta nke foundry azụmahịa na Russia. Ke adianade do, Tsar Bell bụ ihe dị ebube mere ncheta.

The echiche nke na-eke

Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Anna Ivanovna na 1730 bịanyere aka a iwu, nke nyere iwu ka igba a mgbịrịgba erikpu iri puku pound. N'ihi nke a ọ dị mkpa na-gbajiri atụ, na-agbakwụnye na-metal. Na ntọhapụ nke akwụkwọ a na malitere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Tsar Bell.

Onye igba ama ibu?

Na mbụ chọrọ ịhụ a ọkà ukwu na Paris. Otú ọ dị, eze na engineer Germain, bụ onye nyere nke a, anyị anaghị arụ ọrụ. Ọ nabatara ihe a chọrọ n'aka a egwuregwu.

Butere wụsa mgbịrịgba Grigorieva, onye jiri n'oge a ọkụ 1701, a nna ukwu nke oge ya, Ivan Fedorovich Motorin. Ọ na oru na 1730 n'ihi na ya unen ke Moscow ụlọ ọrụ nke ogbunigwe Motorin enyere aka e kewapụrụ ukwu, akwụkwọ iri na abụọ ọrụ.

The preparatory adọ

ụlọ na-haziri tupu mmalite nke ogbunigwe ụlọ ọrụ. Ọzọkwa, tupu nkedo Motorin bụ obere nlereanya nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu Rafa. Ọ ntukwasi iri na abụọ pound. All Eserese, nkwadebe nke atụmatụ, nakwa dị ka abụọ ụdị e ndoli zitere maka ihu na St. Petersburg. All nkwadebe na ihu ọma nke oru ngo e guzobere afọ abụọ. Na nke a, na-arụ ọrụ na ya n'ihi na mmepụta nke kpara forms nke hey, nakwa dị ka ndị na-ewu nke ite-ọku uku malitere naanị na January 1733

Mepụta ibu

abụọ nakawa etu e mere iji nweta udi nke kasị ibu n'ụwa mgbịrịgba dị ka ihe osise nke ndị Russian nwe. Otu n'ime ha bụ zubere maka esịtidem ngwaahịa profaịlụ, na nke abụọ - n'èzí.

Akpụ a ibu mgbịrịgba e mere na Ivanovo ebe. N'ihi na nke a iri olulu e gwuru. Oak ibé, interconnected metal rims, ya n'akụkụ na-mesikwuru. Ke adianade do, a olulu lined na brik. Na-etolite ala isi n'ihi na chụpụrụ n'ime ala oak ikpo tọrọ ígwè Ogwe. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka ọ malitere usoro nke mmepụta nke ingots hey. Mgbe ya mmepụta n'ịnyịnya a abụọ ụkpụrụ, nke ọkụ mpụga ndekọ nke ibu. N'elu ẹkụre nke ọrụ a kpọlitere ụdị hooks. N'ihi nke a pụrụ iche na ngwaọrụ.

Na ọzọ ogbo nke ingot e mesịrị trimmed. Maka asụsụ hey ígwè loop e mmasị ka uko. The ikpeazụ ọrụ nke usoro - mwube na pụrụ iche oghere n'elu nke casing na-akpọ ntị.

All ọrụ na ihe e kere eke nke Tsar Bell e dechara November 25, 1735 The akwụkwọ e haziri na omume. Ibu na nke kacha mgbịrịgba na ụwa dịrị narị abụọ na otu ton nke narị itoolu na iri abụọ na anọ kilogram. Ya elu - 6,14 m na dayameta - 6,60 m nwute, zuru mgbatị ibu Ivan Motorin okpu, ọ nwụrụ .. nna azụmahịa ahụ gaa n'ihu nwa ya Michael, bụ onye na mbụ were ifịk akụkụ na-arụ ọrụ.

mmepụta subtlety

Iji Tsar Bell nwere ezigbo mgbatị Ivanom Motorinym e pụrụ iche imewe nke gating usoro. The ụdị, nke jupụtara na mmiri mmiri metal, adịghị ejedebe nsí na ndị ọzọ adịghị. Nke a mere na o kwere omume ekele a pụrụ iche tank nke e mgbe niile jupụta n'ọnu. N'ihi ya si a ọcha metal nri n'ime nnukwu efere udi, na slag, nke nwere a ìhè arọ, ọ nọgidere na-n'elu.

Mgbe nēfe ibu chọrọ ihe e kere eke nke ụfọdụ ọnọdụ iji nagide nsogbu ụdị ọkụ metal. Iji mee nke a, ala we juputa na niile ohere na dị n'agbata mgbidi nkedo olulu na cover.

breakaway mpempe

Ọ maara ihe mere eme nke Tsar Bell na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ọkụ. Mgbe n'ife ihe karịrị otu afọ na-ebu ihe e dere n'ihe a dị ịtụnanya ọrụ nkà foundry.

Mere na ya, na ji achọ ihe ịchọ mma. The ọrụ abịa na njedebe mgbe ọkụ ahụ dara ike Kremlin. Ọ mere na May 1737 ọkụ ebibi osisi Ọdịdị na a tent na e wuru n'elu mgbatị olulu. Aghara mgbịrịgba malitere ịwụkwasị mmiri. Site okpomọkụ mgbanwe ahụ nke ibu cracks nke dugara eziokwu na ọ pụtawo n'ebe a butụrụ ibu mmaji nke ịdị arọ ya dị iri na otu na ọkara tọn.

Ịrị elu nke nkedo olulu

The Tsar Bell, onye mere eme malitere otú merụsịrị ruo ogologo oge ike iru. Ruo mgbe 1836 ọ nọ na nkedo olulu, nke sụrụ, gbara ya gburugburu a igwe ndobe na steepụ mere. Visitors na ya na-agbada na-enwe mmasị n'ebe oké ọrụ nkà.

July 23, 1836 ẹkenịmde a amamiihe ịrị elu mgbịrịgba. Na-akpan njikere rinks ya kpaliri ma dọba na nkume pedestal nwere octagonal udi. N'oge na-adịghị ibu anọ brackets e hụrụ na-akwado na obi ụtọ, na nke a na-etinye a ọla cross top. Ebee bụ Tsar Bell ugbu a? N'otu pedestal na Kremlin.

n'ọrụ mweghachi

Tsar Bell e zubere ọtụtụ ugboro ka solder. Otú ọ dị, ọrụ ahụ a rụrụ. Gbochie elu na-eri nke soldering. Ke adianade do, e nwere ndị na-akpata nchegbu na, ọbụna mee ka ndị mgbịrịgba, ọ na-agaghị ekwe iji nweta ya nkịtị ụda. Ọ bụ ya mere, ọ bụrụ na ị gaa na Kremlin, Tsar Bell ga izute gị na ụdị nke na-ozugbo wepụrụ nkedo olulu. Nke a pụrụ iche ncheta bụ nke oké akụkọ ihe mere eme pụtara. Ọ bụ ya mere nnwale na ha bụ nanị adịghị anakwere. Tsar Bell maka ụmụaka na ndị okenye ọgbọ - bụ akụkọ nke nna.

A na-amụ a pụrụ iche ncheta ẹkenịmde ke 1979. N'oge ahụ ọ na e gburu na mweghachi. The ọrụ gụnyere ibu ahụ nnyocha ma nkwadebe nke a pụrụ iche kaadị na size bụ ofu, na ọnọdụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke kpụrụ cracks.

N'oge mweghachi n'elu mgbịrịgba sụrụ si multiple n'ígwé coatings nke ekpu ọdịdị Rafa. Ke ukem, anyị nwere a obere mmezi elu. Na-akpọlite n'elu ala egbugbu mgbịrịgba, nke bụ cultured na a recessed oyi akwa na iri anọ sentimita.

All ọrụ e rụrụ site ọkachamara na ọmụmụ si Military Academy aha mgbe Fe Dzerzhinsky. Na nke a, na nso alo na All-Union Scientific Research Institute of NYEGHACHI. Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama eziokwu na oruru nke nkà na ụzụ na usoro weghachi akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta nke ụdị e rụrụ maka oge mbụ.

A pụrụ iche atụ nke art foundry

Ndị taa gaa Kremlin, Tsar Bell osobo ke akpasarade ụdị. Giant nwetara ọhụrụ na ọlaọcha-agba ntụ agba, onye na-enye a greenish patina. Specific shimmer na eke ụda laghachi ọla. Na cross, nke a na-kpuwere oglave, glitters gilding. Ọ e wughachiri na ojiji nke gold akwukwo. O doro anya na i nwere ike ịhụ ndị mara mma na nkà image, bụ a ọla nke a mgbịrịgba. Mma sculpted ịchọ mma catches anya. The ala na elu ahu ibu mma frieze ụkpụrụ nke na-anọchi anya ọbụ aka ya. N'ụzọ dị mwute, mgbe dejupụta ụdị na metal akụkụ nke mgbịrịgba were swabs. O doro anya na nke a nwere ike hụrụ na ihe oyiyi nke ụfọdụ ọgụgụ. N'agbanyeghị nke a, ọtụtụ puku ndị mmadụ na ịga na Kremlin na kwa ụbọchị, na ugbu a-enwe ekele maka ịma mma nke akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta.

Tsar Bell na Moscow e guzobere fọrọ nke nta abụọ na ọkara narị afọ gara aga. Otú ọ dị, na ndị niile a ma ama na ibu na-amụba kwa afọ. Amazing ncheta nke Russian art mgbatị dabara nke ọma n'ime ụkpụrụ ụlọ mejupụtara nke Kremlin. The Tsar Bell, nakwa dị ka ndị dị nso ya Tsar egbe ala, ike iche na nka ọdịdị enwe n'ụwa nile ama.

mere eme

N'ihi nēfe mgbịrịgba nwe MOTORIN natara obere ụgwọ. Ọ bụ nanị a puku rubles.

Mgbịrịgba nwere ihe e dere na ọ nọ na-ajụ Ivanom Motorinym na nwa ya nwoke Michael. Onye ama ama nke nna ukwu nke foundry azụmahịa weghara aha ha, gbara akwụkwọ a aririọ ka Sineti. Eze Nwanyị Ukwu iwe iwe Ioanovnoy, ọ e mma.

The amaghị ka a ibu mgbịrịgba natara site ọkpụ Carlo Rastrelli. Otú ọ dị, nwa ụwa na-ama-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Francesco Rastrelli jụrụ maka ọrụ ha dị nnọọ elu na-akwụ. N'ihi ya, ya ọrụ jụrụ.

Images nke Tsar Bell, General Denikin eji maka mmepụta nke White Nche puku he. The ego nke ndị mmadụ na-akpọ "hey".