Howitzer "Tulip". "Tulip" - 240 millimeter onwe-propelled ngwa agha osisi

Russia - a oké mba, bụ na kọntaktị na ụwa. N'ihi ya, ọ fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla oge na-alụ ọgụ underway metụtara Russian agha ma ọ bụ na ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ Russian ngwá agha na agha. Ọ na-na na Victory Na na dị iche iche na obodo, ị pụrụ ịhụ otú iche iche akụrụngwa: ogbunigwe, tank, roket agha, gwongworo na ụgbọala maka dị iche iche na nzube.

The aha nke ya Usoro, na echepụta-enye ọhụrụ: ụgbọelu "Swift" na "mig" wụnye "Grad", "tonado", "peony" na a ụyọkọ nke na-egbu egbu howitzers - "Akeshịa", "Hyacinth" na "Tulip". Howitzer "Tulip" - otu n'ime ndị kasị mara mma okooko osisi nke ogbunigwe, ka anyị lee anya na ọ na ihe zuru ezu.

History nke e kere eke

N'okpuru Khrushchev ogbunigwe agha, ụkpụrụ dị na ya e kwuru ekwekọghị chọrọ nke oge. Ọ chọrọ mmepe nke agba. N'oge ahụ, na ibuo ule na-adọ ya nwere ọtụtụ ekwe samples nke ekịm ihe agha nke ọ bụla tank. Ma iji e mere ime, na akụrụngwa a kagburu iwu.

Ihe ebe ẹnịm, onye n'aka na a kpọlitere ka ebukọtala gị e kere eke, na otú a, na a ngosi nka nke armored ugbo ala na Kubinka ugbu a adade antitank egbe Su-100P "Taran".

The Vietnam War gosiri n'ụzọ doro anya na backlog anyị ogbunigwe si US. US M109 eji a ọnọdụ na-abia lekwasịrị na a anya nke 14 km. Extra malitere echeta ochie ọrụ oge, ịchụkwudo na West na mmepe nke ogbunigwe. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na oru na Urals eke ihe-agha-ịkpọpu bouquet - "Akeshịa", "Hyacinth" na "Tulip" - howitzer picture na-dị n'okpuru. AFỌ e nyere obere, na-ama na 1971 ụgbọ ala agafe ubi ule na-etinye n'ime ọrụ. Kemgbe ahụ, ha na-anọ n'ebe ahụ, n'ezie, na ụfọdụ revisions na mgbanwe.

Oge akara aka ọnọdụ "Tulip"

240-mm onwe-propelled ngwa agha unit e mere maka mbibi nke ụlọ na e wusiri ike, nke onye-iro-eji dị ka a ndo ha manpower, ngwá, iwu ihe na nkwukọrịta, ogbunigwe, wdg, na-adịghị n'ihi na na-ata nri-ọku ogbunigwe. Ọ dịghị analogues n'ụwa, howitzers na ogbunigwe nke mba ndị ọzọ nwere a nta caliber na nnọọ dị iche iche e ji mara.

E wezụga na-emebu shells, Howitzer "Tulip" nwere ike ọkụ nuclear warheads, ya onwe ya fọdụrụ n'ebe dị anya si gbawaranụ. Ruo mgbe "Tulip" e burugodị na a 240-mm towed ngwa agha M-240, ihe kemgbe 1950. Na 1971 ha nwere a yiri arụmọrụ égbè na-abami ike, ma ngwa agha M-240 bụ obere mobile, nwere obere maneuverability, ọ na-ewe ndị ọzọ oge na-eme ka a ala nke anya, aiming na ndọrọ si firing ọnọdụ.

Imewe nke ọgụ ụgbọala

"Tulip" - 240-mm onwe-propelled ngwa agha ọnọdụ. The imewe bụ mbụ. All na ogbunigwe unit guzo n'elu ụlọ nke ahu ihe, na-arụ ọrụ, mgbọ na akụrụngwa na-emi odude ke idem Chassis. Emi odude ke ekpe turret ọchịagha.

Na mgbọ agụnye 10 mbak nke nọ n'ọrụ-reactive na 20 elu-agbawa agbawa mines. N'ihi na ihe niile Filiks ngwa agha na-emepụta maka firing, nyere haịdrọlik usoro. Ya nna, ndị M-240 e niile mere site n'aka. Ígwè ọgụ mkpọ, drum, loading na-mere na breech nke gbọmgbọm n'akụkụ. The variant nke aka itinye na a kreenu.

Standard gbawara m F-864 nwere a arọ nke 130,7 kg ise, na-agbawa agbawa ebubo nime ya, nke na-akọ na m na-agba. The Western pịa a kọrọ na maka M-240 e mere na-etinye n'ime mmepụta nke nọ n'ọrụ-reactive mines na nuclear warheads.

Dizel engine echichi "tulip" B-59 na-enye ohere ịzụlite a ọsọ nke 60 km / h na-agbanye na 30 km / h na primer.

Dị na chọrọ nke oge a na-alụ agha "Tulip" howitzer na-onwem na nche usoro na ike imeri nje ebe ma na-eme na ya. Nchaji usoro na akụkụ nke igwe na-adịghị achọ ọzụzụ pụrụ iche maka firing ọnọdụ.

Chassis maka ngwa agha ji mee ihe 305, nke bụ yiri nnọọ ka Chassis nke-emegide ugbo elu mgbagwoju "gburugburu." Agha efere "Tulip" idi mgbọ caliber 7-62 ụdị B-32 si a anya nke 300 m. Sam ngwa agha 2B8 Chassis n'ejighị nwere ike ịbụ, n'ihi na nke ahụ bụ otú howitzer "Tulip".

e ji mara

Dizel engine B-59 nwere ike nke 520 ịnyịnya na-enye ohere ọsọ kacha ka 62,8 km / h. Merie ndị vetikal mgbidi 700 mm na nwere a cruising nso nke 500 km. Ọzọkwa miri dọrọ obosara nke 3 m na a mmiri mgbochi omimi nke 1 m ga-akwụsị ihe "tulip".

Na-eje ozi a Usoro a-arụ ọrụ nke 5 ndị mmadụ. Self-propelled howitzer "tulip" ji 27.500 n'arọ, ogologo - odika 6.5 m, obosara - 3 mita na a nkeji iri na ise elu -. 3.2 m na mgbakwunye na nke isi egbe 240-millimeters, e ka na-akwado agha na a caliber nke 7,62.

Nwụnye nwere ike na- 1 shot kwa nkeji na na n'akuku nrụaka na elu na 80-82 ogo, na n'akuku nke declination nke 50 degrees ngwa agha nwere ike ibibi onye iro zaa, na-ezo n'azụ mgbochi, ọ na oge fọdụrụ nke iru. N'agbanyeghị ihe ndị na-akatọ, ọ bụ irè ngwá agha - Howitzer "Tulip". Firing nso nke isi egbe bụ 19 km pụọ.

ule

All na ngwá agha n'ihu eduzi n'ime ọrụ na-agba ọsọ a usoro nke ule. M agaghị a nketa na ogbunigwe bouquet. Otu n'ime ndị isi na ndị na-emepụta na-ekwu banyere ikpe na-anwale "Akeshịa".

Mgbe akara ego were na-atụghị anya igba egbe rọketi obubata, mgbe ọ na-amalite ọnọdụ. Ọ dabara nke ọma, na-warheads abụghị na rọketi. N'ihi na-amalite na-elu-elekọta ya dọkpụrụ dum osisi, ma kụrụ mgbidi, mgbe ahụ, o leliri anya elu wee malite wag on nso, e nweghị ọnụ. Ọzọkwa, "Akeshịa" bụ a nsogbu na mwepụ nke ntụ ntụ, haruru, ha akpọkọtara na-arụ ọrụ nkewa. Ọ dị mkpa ka ike a mgbali dị iche, na-enweta ụdị mgbe na-efe efe projectile site egbe.

Howitzer "Tulip" gosiri na ha kacha mma n'akụkụ. The lekwasịrị eji ike ihe, chụọ n'ọrụ na ha ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ma n'ihi na ike, ha bibie ihe niile. Mgbe a volley nke "Tulip" si ha bụ naanị a foneelu omimi nke 10 mita na otu n'obosara.

New shells maka howitzers

Ogbunigwe gbanwetụrụ, mma na ọhụrụ agba e mepụtara maka ha. Ọ bụ uru na-ekwu banyere otu onye dị otú ahụ nke m 1K113 "Daredevil." Ọ mepụtara na mbubreyo 80s. N'adịghị ka ot mines, ọ bụ nanị oghere window nke ngwa anya homing ma tinyere laser maka ezubere iche.

N'ebe dị anya site na iche, na a anya nke 200 5000 m, emi odude spotter na designator. Ọ ghọtakwuo lekwasịrị, naanị mgbe m bụ na a anya nke 400-800 m. Onye iro ọbụna mgbe ịchọputa eziokwu ezubere iche nwere oge-eme eme.

Shot na projectile akụrisị a lekwasịrị okirikiri nke 3.2 m na a puru nke 80-90%.

"Tulip" na Afghanistan

Mgbe ubi-ule dị mkpa ka ịlele ogbunigwe na ọgụ. Afghanistan bụ nke mbụ dị otú ahụ na-ekwu. "Tulip" bụ oké mkpa ka ha ike ka ha tie ndị iro ebe obibi, na n'akuku nke-ọzọ nke ugwu, n'ọgba jupụta elu a shei na dobe morale nke ikpọ mbibi. Karịsịa uru nke "Tulip" ndị anya mgbe mgbe a batara ulo-agha, 122mm shells rapaara ke mbat mgbidi, ebe a 240-mm-ebibi niile. N'ihi na n'akuku nke égbè, ị nwere ike na-etinye echichi nke 20 m si mgbidi ụlọ, na-enye kacha n'akuku na see onye iro, onye gbabaworo na n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke ụlọ, mara ihe a "tulip". Ngwa agha, howitzer, ma ọ bụ a egbe - a technical okwu dịghị mkpa mgbe shells na-afụrụ mkpọrọhịhị ya isi.

Mgbe na-eji ogbunigwe "Daredevil" ụba ziri ezi, see nri na n'ọnụ ụzọ ọgba ahụ, ebe onye iro e zoro.

Ogbunigwe - chi nke agha

Na ya memoirs, ndị agha na-akwa ụta na ha nwere obere ogbunigwe, n'ihi na ọ naghị ezuru. Arọ egbe ịma akpali obi ike na ha onwe ha na-arụgide n'ala, na n'ụzọ nkịtị ma n'ụzọ ihe atụ uche ziri ezi nke onye iro.

Mwube nke "Tulip" ka na-anọchi ọrụ. Ọ dịghị onye nke mba na-adịghị a caliber ogbunigwe. Na Europe na na US na caliber adịghị gafere 120 mm.