Italian Obí: ihe mere eme, nkọwa. nkiri Kronstadt

Ọtụtụ ndị njem na-achọ ịhụ Italian n'obí ke St. Petersburg. Ma search n'ókè nke mmasị na obodo na Neva adịghị mkpa. Mgbe eze, nke a ga-atụle n'isiokwu a bụ na St. Petersburg na Kronstadt. The ebube ụlọ a na-akpọ ndị Ụlọ Nzukọ nke Menshikov, n'ihi na ọ na e wuru maka "Ọtụtụ serene Prince." Ọ ga-kwuru na a ezigbo enyi Peter Onye Ukwu nwere atọ obí eze. First chọpụtara na St. Petersburg, nke abụọ - na nke atọ na Oranienbaum - Kronstadt.

Na na ọ bụ ihe ikpeazụ n'obí dwarfs abụọ mbụ mara mma. Paradoxically, Menshikov mere mere nwere oge na-enwe niile a okomoko. E jidere ya na gaa biri n'ala ọzọ, na ala na ụlọ ebe n'ime steeti àkù. Ma, gịnị mere Kronstadt ghọrọ isi n'ihi na ndị na-ewu ulo? Gịnị bụ ihe ndị gbara ọkpụrụkpụ na Kotlin Island, nke bụ n'oge ahụ na iri ise kilomita site St. Petersburg? Nke a ị ga-amụta site na nke a n'isiokwu a.

nkiri Kronstadt

Ebe Peter Ukwu kpebiri dina obodo, replete na isuo. On otu n'ime ha, Kotlin, eze nyere iwu na-ewu a ewusiri ike. Ọ bụ iji chebe ọnụ ụzọ ọnụ nke Neva si Swedish ụgbọ mmiri. Nke a citadel e wuru na May 1704. Ọ aha ya bụ "Kronshlot" - eze obí eze. Ma agha nkera nwayọọ nwayọọ tojuru ụlọ nkịtị. Iri afọ abụọ mgbe e mesịrị, e ama a shopping gallery, gburugburu nke selilos ahịa. Ya mere, ndị a gbanwere aha ya Kronstadt - obodo eze. Gbara ya gburugburu ulo-agha dị ugbu a ka isi na-adọrọ mmasị: "The Emperor Alexander m nke", "Kronshlot", "Totleben" na "Obruchev".

E n'àgwàetiti ahụ na a n'oge okpomọkụ n'ogige. Site Kronstadt ụka banyere ka nke Vladimir na Kronstadt Naval Katidral. Na, n'ezie, a ịrịba mma nke obodo a nke agwaetiti bụ Menshikov Obí. The adreesị nke a Ọdịdị na a siri ike akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ dị ka ndị: Makarovsky Street 3. Taa Kronstadt akwụsịla ịbụ onye na àgwàetiti ahụ ike uche nke okwu: na 1984, na mmiri e gbochiri egbochi ka ejikọrọ ya ụgbọala okporo ụzọ St. Petersburg. Ma akụkọ ihe mere eme n'etiti obodo bụ n'okpuru nkwado nke UNESCO, dị ka a World Heritage saịtị.

Mere Italian eze, n'ihi ya, ọ na-akpọ?

Onye ahụ na-echiche na Alexander Menshikov dọtara na-ewu ha ulo nke architects si dịịrị banye na mmiri. Otú ọ dị, nke a misperception. Na-elekọta ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke German architects. owuwu e mere site I. F. Braunshteyn. Ọ na-eduzi ọrụ H. Schedel. N'ihi na a sample nke ndị Germany were palazzo, nke bụ otú ọgaranya Italy. E nwere otu echiche na ọrụ nke okporo ọrụ na-ewu ulo bu natives nke dịịrị banye na mmiri, ma nke a version yighị. Dịcha, Menshikov dị nnọọ mmasị style nke Italian Baroque na German architects nwere na-emegharị ka njọ nke ya agwaetiti na Gulf.

The wuo ụlọ ahụ na a puku na narị asaa na iri abụọ na nke iri abụọ na anọ n'afọ. Italian n'obí ugboro ugboro gbanwere nwe. Ọ ụlọ akwụkwọ, nke a maara na-adị nnọọ na-emerụ maka ụlọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala uru. Karịsịa gbanwetụrụ ọdịdị nke n'obí nwughari AN Akutina na E. H. Ahnert, nke ẹkenịmde ke ufọt ufọt iri na itoolu na narị afọ.

History: nke iri na asatọ na narị afọ

Site na njedebe nke na-ewu nke Italian n'obí, Russia na Sweden bịanyere aka a truce, na Menshikov dabara ihere. Ya ala na ụlọ ebe n'ime-àkù. Na 1740s n'obí akpọ ụlọ ya nke Ya Imperial n'iru eze. Iri afọ abụọ mgbe e mesịrị, na College nke Admiralty kwagara Italian ulo. Kronstadt n'oge nwere a mgbe nile na-ejere St. Petersburg naanị na na-ekpo ọkụ oge site gara ụgbọ mmiri. Ya mere, ndị ọchịchị gị n'ụlọnga anaraghị ụlọ, n'agbanyeghị na ọ nọ na-depụtara na ebubo ya. Mgbe ahụ, ụlọ nke ulo uku eze, zigara ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ụgbọ mmiri na, edu Stepan Malygin. Site 1771 na 1798 ụlọ ahụ na-elekọta Naval Cadet agha.

Nhazigharị nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ

Na 1815 ọ nọ na-akpatre guzosie ike mgbe nkwurịta okwu n'etiti Kronstadt na St. Petersburg. Sailboats onwe cabs dochie "passazhboty" akpan iji site Charles Byrd. Ọ bụ Russia mbụ mmiri ọha iga. Kotlin agwaetiti aghọwo ihe inweta. Na site na 1798 ka 1872-nke nchọgharị School of St. Petersburg kwagara Italian ulo. Mgbe e mesịrị nke a alụmdi e renamed na Marine na ụzụ, na n'iru October mgbanwe ọ na-akpọ Engineering.

Students anọ a mere ihe akụkọ ụlọ nke kasị ụzọ mmetụta na ya na nchekwa. Na oge, na ikuku na-eku ihu igwe na-adịghị chebere ụlọ. Na forties nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ ọ e malitere a buu nhazigharị nke ulo. -Arụ ọrụ ahụ dị ka atụmatụ nke architects Akutina na Stasov. Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ mgbidi nke ulo uku eze, agbajikwa Cadet ubi na na-na saịtị n'Ogige - Admiralty. Ná ngwụsị nke narị afọ ụlọ ukwuu gbasaa (Project L. Novikova).

Ọ na-eyi dị ka Italian Obí (Kronstadt)?

Na mbụ, ọ bụ a atọ-akụkọ ụlọ, ahụmahụ na Italian Baroque style. Ya facade na-mma na pilasters, Bas-tụrụ, ji achọ nkume vases. Ụlọ kpuwere site a balustrade na ọkpụkpụ. Ihe dị ka n'otu oge dị ka Italian n'obí, a ọdọ mmiri e gwuru n'ihu isi facade nke ụlọ. Architect Giovanni Fontana mma chọọ ya ọtụtụ iri na abuo iyi.

Nke a na ọdọ mmiri, aha ya bụ n'ihi na Italian eze, wee na-ere ahịa 'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Ọ na-eje ozi maka oyi nke ụgbọ mmiri. On bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke abụọ cranes arụ ọrụ ka wepụrụ poolu si ụgbọ mmiri, na mmalite nke igodo na-etinye ha na ebe ha. A ahịa na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri wee mmiri nke na-eweta azụ si Lake Ladoga. Ahia na n'ụsọ oké osimiri, e wuru ụlọ, nke yiri Ọdịdị nke ahụ n'oge ochie. Ọ a na-akpọ ụlọ ke oge gboo style Fish ahịrị. Ke ufọt ufọt iri na itoolu na narị afọ Italian obí eze na-ewu na anọ n'ala.

oge a na ụlọ

Fire nke mere na 1926, ebibi ihe bụghị Mkpughe ụmụ akwụkwọ. The ụlọ e weghachiri, ma ọ bụghị dị ka na mbụ ahụ. N'obí gara Ụlọ Red Army, Ọkwọ Ụgbọ Mmiri na Club, isi ụlọ ọrụ nke Baltic Fleet. Mgbe ahụ e nsogbu a nkiri. Ebe ọ bụ na ọgwụgwụ nke 2011 a naval ngosi nka ka a alaka enyefe ndị Italian n'obí ke Kronstadt. Mode nke ọrụ omenala oru bụ nnọọ mfe. Ọ bụ na-emeghe si na 8:15 na 17:15, na otu awa ezumike maka nri ehihie. On Saturday na Sunday ụlọ anaghị arụ ọrụ.